Current measurements and spectral analyses in the upper 450 m and deep layers of the northeastern South China Sea

On the basis of the current measurements from the moored Long Ranger ADCP in the upper 450 m layer and the deep current measurements at 2000 and 2300 m from the moored cur-rent meters with the time series data of about 7 months at the mooring station in the northeastern South China Sea, the spectral analyses and calculation have been made. The major results are as follows: (ⅰ) From the progressive vector diagrams of the observed daily currents at the water lev-els from 50 m to 400 m, its temporal variation of velocity rotated counterclockwise in most of the observing time. This agrees basically with the result from the qualitative analysis of the sea surface height data, which was obtained from TOPEX/ERS-2 altimeter data by CCAR. The daily and monthly average velocities are both the largest in November, next in October and minimum in Au-gust. (ⅱ) At the 2000 and 2300 m levels, the daily and monthly average velocities are both the largest in January, next in September and minimum in August. From the seasonal change of cur-rents, the current velocity is the strongest in winter (January-March), next in autumn, and weak in summer. (ⅲ) There exists the variation of tidal current with the change of depth. In the upper layer, the height of diurnal peak is higher than that of semidiurnal peak. However, the semidiurnal peak is higher than the diurnal peak at the levels from 200 m to 400 m. In the layers above 450 m the clockwise component is dominant in their fluctuations. In the layers below 1500 m the diurnal peak is again higher than the semidiurnal peak. (ⅳ) There is the prominent periodic fluctuation of more than two months in the layer from 50 m to 2300 m. The period of this prominent peak is 75 d and its fluctuation is counterclockwise in the upper 450 m layers, and is 68 d and 69 d at the depths of 2000 and 2300 m, respectively, and the counterclockwise component is dominant in their fluctua-tions. (ⅴ) There are the variations of periods fluctuating with the change of depth in the upper 450 m layers. For example, when f＞0, there are the prominent fluctuations of about 22 d and 15 d pe-riods at the 50 and 100 m levels. However, there are no such periods at the layer from 200 m to 400 m, where only the fluctuation of about 13 d period occurs. (ⅵ) There are the fluctuations with periods of more than one month, 23 d and 15 d at the 2000 m and 2300 m levels. (ⅶ) In the layer from 50 m to 2300 m there are the following prominent peaks: ⅰ) the fluctuation in the period range of about 4-8 d, which occurs in the weather process; ⅱ) the fluctuation with inertial period, the fluctuation is clockwise; and ⅲ) the fluctuations with short periods of about 8 h and 6 h. (ⅷ) From the cross spectral estimates between two time series, it is shown that there are significant coherence peaks with the periods of more than two months (T = 68.3 d) and more than one month between the two time series of currents at 2000 m and 2300 m depths, and also those with periods of about half a month (15.5 d), 2 d and so on between two time series of currents at 100 m and 2300 m depths.     

改进的自适应SUSAN角点特征提取方法

针对目前大多数的角点特征提取算法存在算法结构过于复杂、运行效率偏低及可推广性偏差等方面的局限性,该文通过改进SUSAN算法中灰度差阈值的获取方法,提出一种自适应的角点特征提取方法。该方法首先采用高斯滤波对原始影像做预处理,然后利用Ly算子初步探测概略角点特征集合,最后利用改进的SUSAN角点检测算法从概略角点特征精确确定角点特征。实验结果表明,该方法提高了角点检测的精度,缩短了角点特征提取时间,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

微量粉晶衍射及轻质页岩载片用于膨胀层粘土矿物的研究

自从应用图谱化X-射线衍射仪,大大便利了矿物学的研究工作,特别是粘土矿物的低角度衍射多落于德拜图的盲区,而衍射仪就更显出他的优越性。但是衍射仪也有另外一个问题,就是用样量过大,一般要500mg,才能装满一个样品架。这样对于一些难于分离的样品单矿物的研究就受到很大限制。最近我们为了要研究蠕虫状高岭石单个纯的晶体。在双目镜下花了很大力气才挑选出30mg样品来。这在常规的样品架上是无法完成的,因此我们设计了一种微量样品架。     

准噶尔盆地北三台凸起断裂结构特征及成岩封闭作用

断层具有复杂的内部结构,可划分为滑动破碎带和诱导裂缝带两个结构单元。断裂带内部成岩作用普遍发育,其中,胶结作用是断裂两侧诱导裂缝带中较常见的成岩作用,影响着断裂的垂向封闭性。利用地震、测井、岩心等资料定量化的对准噶尔盆地北三台凸起主要断裂进行结构划分,利用岩心、镜下薄片观察的方法研究断裂带成岩胶结作用。研究发现:断裂带成岩胶结作用显著,胶结物以方解石为主,还发现有粘土矿物、沸石、石英等胶结裂缝。大型主控断裂裂缝充填程度相比派生断裂高,胶结程度致密,对油气的封堵性能更强。通过镜下鉴定及流体包裹体均一温度测定发现:北三台凸起断裂带至少经历了3期大规模流体活动,多期的流体作用导致该区断裂的成岩封闭。      

T63 月延伸预报在西南区域短期气候预测中的应用研究

利用国家气候中心1996、1997年1~12月T63模式所作的500 hPa　70次月延伸预报产品和1966~1996年ECMWF的500 hPa旬平均高度场以及西南区域月气温和月雨量场资料,建立了用T63动力产品预测西南区域月要素场的一种完全预报（PP）的动力-统计关系。并对西南区域1996年2月至1998年1月逐月气温和降水进行了预报试验。结果表明,这种利用动力延伸集合预报产品制作西南区域月要素场预报的动力与统计相结合的释用方法具有明显的预报能力。     

安德拉RCM—4S型海流计的一种使用技巧

对安德拉仪器公司生产的RCM - 4S型海流计在使用过程中出现的问题,给出了合理的解决办法.论述了2542型转子计数器的设计原理,对操作手册中某些未说明部分给出了使用说明.并讨论了流速测量的上限问题.     

北斗新体制信号接收机首次定位时间测试

北斗系统的导航信号体制发生了改变,调制方式从BPSK调整为BOC。BOC调制信号的频谱中上边带和下边带的冗余,自相关函数中的多峰等特征在接收机的信号截获、码跟踪以及数据解调等处理中带来好处。为了考察新体制信号对接收机服务性能的影响,该文对新体制信号接收机的首次定位时间的测试方法、评定方式进行了探讨,在模拟信号、新体制信号、实际信号几个方面对首次定位时间进行了比较,从接收机测试的层面对新体制信号做了初步分析。该文采用笔者所在单位自主建设完成的模拟信号自动化测试平台,完成了GNSS接收机常规检测校准工作中较难完成的首次定位时间测试项目。     

回波强度约束下的无人机LiDAR点云K-means聚类滤波

针对目前无人机激光雷达点云滤波过程中存在的效率低、误分割和精度差等问题,本文在对点云三维坐标进行K-means聚类得到不同聚类结果的基础上,引入最大-最小标准化方法对不同聚类结果的点云回波强度原始值进行标准化,得到 0-1范围回波强度规则值。针对不同聚类结果选择不同范围的回波强度规则值得到对应地面点云,以提升研究区点云的滤波精度并减少其地面点云的数据量。同时,对比利用K-means聚类对三维坐标和回波强度原始值进行滤波的结果。结果表明：对研究区点云去噪、抽稀预处理后得到107 372个点云数,利用K-means方法对三维坐标和回波强度原始值进行聚类滤波得到地面点数为66 713个,占点云总数的62.133%。通过使用本文方法可剔除过分割地表植被点13 648个,得到地面点云占点云总数的49.422%。该方法能够较好地保持地形轮廓并降低地面点云的数据量,从而为后期快速建立高精度DEM奠定基础。     

Redox states of underground brine system along the southern coast of the Laizhou Bay

Underground brine samples were collected along the southern coast of the Laizhou Bay, Shangdong, China in two field investigations in 2003. The brines are confined in the Quaternary sediment and underwent a series of geochemical changes. The redox states of these brines were assessed qualitatively based on the measurements of Eh and redox-sensitive species such as DO, NO NO~, Mn2＋, Fe2＋, SO4^2- in the brines. The redox condition of the underground brine is anoxic, and the redox reactions that controlled the redox potential of brines should be Fe（Ⅲ） reduction and sulfate reduction.     

面向公众的地震宏观异常信息认知培训游戏系统

本文针对目前地震知识培训缺乏互动和沟通的问题,以本体化的地震宏观异常信息知识库为基础,将以目标为驱动的体验式认知方法应用于系统设计中,实现了面向公众的地震宏观异常信息认知培训游戏系统.该游戏系统将知识融入到以目标为导向的体验场景和体验任务中,以心流体验激发用户的学习动机,使公众在游戏中自主地解决问题,高效地完成对地震宏观异常知识的认知,更好地协助有关部门做好群测群防工作.