国际全球海洋环流预报系统的现状与展望

回顾近年来国外主要海洋预报业务机构全球海洋环流预报技术的发展现状,特别是最近5～10 a来在全球海洋动力数值预报模式和多源资料同化技术方面的主要进展。结合未来相关学科发展的趋势,围绕观测体系建设、数据共享机制、大数据分析等新技术应用等方面提出国内相关研究工作的发展建议。     

编织校园安全网——广西国土资源系统推进学校地质灾害防治工作略记

正每年的5月—9月,是广西的主汛期,也是地质灾害重点防范期。为防患于未然,2017年以来,广西国土资源管理部门针对如何加强校园地质灾害防治工作,采取了多种有效措施,编织校园安全网,得到了广大师生的好评。科学预警,学校师生吃下"定心丸"     

基于无人机智能基站的空地协同低空无人机遥感网构建及应用

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) could flexibly and efficiently observe land surface and obtain surface information at very high frequency and resolutions. In recent years, UAV technology has been greatly improved and the UAVs are increasingly applied in large amount of civilian fields. The UAV Remote Sensing (UAVRS) is a comprehensive technology composed of UAV flying aircraft, light remote sensing payload, satellite positioning device, remote-control system, communication technology and application technology. An UAVRS system is mainly composed of UAV platform, load system, ground control and data transmission system and image processing system. With the popularity of civilian UAV products and the development of UAV remote sensing payload, UAVRS also shows an explosive growth trend in various industries. However, the short battery life and limited coverage of the civilian drones are one of the key factors restricting the UAVRS applications. Besides, although the application of UAVs in various industries and fields continues to deepen, most of them are single-type applications in a certain discipline or industry. The 5G technology and wireless communication technology advance and will give rise to the UAVRS applications in terms of“networking”,“IoT”, and“real-time”, as well as cross-domain and convergence application. The modern cities are highly complex and sociotechnical. They comprise people and communities interacting with one another and with objects (e. g., roads, buildings) within a range of urban settings or contexts. It is extremely difficult to monitor and manage such complex sociotechnical systems. The monitoring and mapping of pollutions, traffic, infrastructures are great challenges in rapidly changing cities, and especially gained increasing attentions of citizens and are putting great stresses on policy makers and urban planners. Theoretical and practical efforts to create better city monitoring and management systems have a long history. In the 21st century, we recognize and conceive “creative”,“smart”and“knowledge”cities, in which the multidisciplinary Information and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has played a vital role. The Internet of Things (IoT) promotes the development of the smart cities. However, in various urban domains, the cities equipped with a sensor-based web, or a cyber-physical information infrastructure, are far from sufficient to help policy makers or citizens to get a full understanding of the real time or near real time city conditions. To this end, due to their mobility, autonomous operation, and communication/processing capabilities, UAVs are envisaged in many smart city application domains. In this article, we describe a technology of air-ground collaborative low-altitude UAV remote sensing network system. The system composes of intelligent UAV, the UAV base station (drone-in box) and operation system. The UAV remote sensing network can provide high-frequency and real-time observations of the land surface. Based on the UAV remote sensing network, we constructed a comprehensive application for urban governance. An UAVRS network composed of eight UAV base stations was deployed in Danzao Town, Foshan City. Connected through 5G network, the UAVRS network advances the UAV inspection frequency, spatial coverage, and response time. It provides revolutionary and intelligent services for local agents and departments of water affairs, environment protection, public security, urban management, and emergency. The UAVRS network system in Danzao is expected to develop a real-world smart city paradigm that could be copied and migrated to other towns across the country. © 2023 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

程序设计中的“活”开放性结构

本文结合开津市热电公司财务管理信息系统提出了程序设计“活”开放性结构的设计方法。     

面向地理国情监测的变化检测与地表覆盖信息更新方法

常态化地理国情监测能够全面、动态地掌握地理国情信息及其变化,为经济建设和社会发展提供数据基础。地理国情普查成果是按照统一规范标准、经过内业解译和外业核查形成的矢量数据。如何在普查成果的基础上,利用多时相遥感影像实现变化信息提取与更新是地理国情监测的关键。针对地理国情普查成果的特点与监测需求,以多时相遥感影像处理分析为基础,构建了针对地理国情监测的变化检测方法体系,提出了像元—对象结合的多时相影像变化检测、基于对象实体统计分析的变化识别方法,实现了综合地理国情普查成果和遥感影像的地理国情变化检测与数据更新。基于像元—对象结合的多时相影像变化检测首先根据传统的变化矢量分析法提取基于像元的变化检测结果,再以地理国情普查的矢量对象为统计单元计算对象内变化像元的比例,以此判断该矢量对象是否发生了变化,并根据变化像元的比例计算其变化强度。基于对象实体统计分析的变化检测方法直接以地理国情矢量为对象进行特征提取和差异构造,再将差异影像进行阈值分割得到基于地理国情对象的变化检测图。最后,根据变化检测结果,对变化区域进行面向对象分割,并从上一期未变化区域选取训练样本训练分类器模型以得到变化区域的地表覆盖类型,将变化区域与未变化区域结合得到更新后的地理国情矢量图。选取江阴市地理国情普查成果和两期高分辨率遥感影像进行试验,结果表明本文提出的方法在准确提取和解释变化区域的同时,明显提高了变化检测和数据更新的效率,可用于常态化地理国情监测。     

大别硬玉石英岩中金红石原位高温高压下晶体结构和OH的研究

本文通过金刚石对顶砧与拉曼光谱、红外光谱联用技术,原位模拟了金红石在高温高压下晶体结构及其OH的变化,从而了解俯冲带流体中金红石在地质过程中的行为及作用。实验证明,金红石在压力的作用下经历两次相变,分别为金红石型TiO₂结构→斜锆石型TiO₂结构（P=23.43GPa）→萤石型TiO₂结构（P=34.98GPa）,其结构在经历过超深俯冲后、折返过程中则以ɑ-PbO₂型TiO₂结构稳定存在。并且金红石晶体中的OH红外特征峰强度随着压力的增加而降低,从而显示在加压过程中金红石中OH含量降低,但直至地球深部超过600km（37.28GPa,约1200km）,其晶体中的OH也并未完全脱去。在高温高压实验中,金红石样品从常温常压条件加压、加温至P=4.01~4.08GPa和T=700℃时,金红石晶体的有序度、OH含量随着温度增加而降低,但至实验最高温压,晶体内部仍保留OH,其结构也稳定存在,因此金红石可以将水携带至深部约120km处。在降至常温常压的过程中,金红石中OH含量虽然增加,但并未恢复至实验开始时的含量,因此经历过快速俯冲、折返后的金红石中的OH含量无法代表金红石形成时的OH含量。

     

黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田热液矿物地球化学特征及其地质意义

黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田以泥堡特大型金矿床为主体,兼具一系列小型金矿床和新发现金矿点。本文在矿田内系统采集了与成矿密切相关的石英、方解石、萤石和辉锑矿样品,分析微量元素和稳定同位素地球化学特征,探讨成矿流体性质及来源。分析结果显示,石英、方解石和萤石整体上富集As、Sb、Li、Sr、W等元素,其中As、Sb成矿元素继承了成矿流体的特征;Sb成矿元素与Bi、W、Mo、Co、Ni等亲岩浆元素相关性较好,显示成矿与岩浆活动有关。方解石、萤石显示MREE富集,方解石具有显著的Eu正异常,反映了成矿流体在矿物沉淀时的稀土配分特征,并且处于相对酸性和还原的状态。石英δDV-SMOW、δ18OV-SMOW和δ13CV-PDB分别为-76‰~-55.7‰（均值-64.9‰）、16.5‰~24.5‰（均值21.1‰）、-14.3‰~-7.0‰（均值-10.9‰）,辉锑矿δ34SV-CDT值为-0.4‰、-0.6‰和1.9‰,方解石δ13CV-PDB和δ18OV-SMOW分别为-6.5‰~-2.5‰（均值-4.5‰）、16.2‰~22.4‰（均值18.7‰）。综合研究区内分析和收集的C、H、O和S同位素结果,表明成矿流体可能主要来源于岩浆流体,并有部分地层水加入。结合区域地球物理和年代学资料,认为黔西南卡林型金矿成矿可能与深部岩浆活动有关,而与区域上出露的基性—超基性岩浆岩没有直接的成因联系。     

黔西南大丫口地区金矿找矿标志及找矿预测研究

大丫口地区位于黔西南卡林型金矿矿集区内,大地构造位处扬子地台西南缘与华南加里东褶皱带西缘两大构造单元的过渡地带,北西向与泥堡大型金矿床相连,南东向与戈塘金矿床相邻。目前已发现区内金矿（化）主要有两种产出类型：一是赋存于茅口组上与覆龙潭组底部一套由区域性构造作用形成的、并经热液蚀变的构造蚀变岩体（SBT）中的层控型,二是产于断层破碎带或两盘牵引膝褶带内的断控型。本文初步总结了该区的找矿标志,开展了找矿预测。     

黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田热液矿物地球化学特征及其地质意义

黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田以泥堡特大型金矿床为主体,兼具一系列小型金矿床和新发现的金矿点.笔者等在矿田内系统采集了与成矿密切相关的石英、方解石、萤石和辉锑矿样品,分析微量元素和稳定同位素地球化学特征,探讨成矿流体性质及来源.分析结果显示,石英、方解石和萤石整体上富集As、Sb、Li、Sr、W等元素,其中As、Sb成...