致密砂岩气藏不同岩石相孔喉结构对气水相渗特征控制机理:以鄂尔多斯盆地东胜气田J72井区下石盒子组储层为例

为了明确致密砂岩气藏储层微观孔喉对气水相渗特征的控制机理,更好地指导气田增储上产,以东胜气田J72井区下石盒子组储层为研究对象,综合多种分析化验资料并细分岩石相探究了微观孔喉参数对气水渗流能力的影响,揭示了不同岩石相对含气性及产能的控制作用。研究结果表明：J72井区下石盒子组岩石相可以归纳为砾岩相、砾质砂岩相、含砾粗砂岩相、中细砂岩相、泥岩相五大类,其中含砾粗砂岩相、砾质砂岩相为优质岩石相;孔隙类型主要为次生粒间溶孔,平均占比达48.5%,含砾粗砂岩相、砾质砂岩相、中细砂岩相的粒间溶孔比例依次减少,三类岩石相均具有多重分形的特征,大孔比例逐渐降低,其中优质岩石相的物性好、综合分形维数小;优质岩石相的黏土矿物含量低、平均孔喉半径大,气体渗流时的可动气体孔隙度和最大有效气相渗透率较大,含气性好。综合研究认为优质岩石相是控制气井高产稳产的关键因素,深入剖析岩石相的微观特征可以为致密砂岩气藏的高效开发提供有力指导。     

新疆柯坪地区早二叠世玄武岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

新疆柯坪地区玄武岩是塔里木盆地早二叠世大火成岩省北部重要的组成部分。通过对柯坪盖孜力克乡南部下二叠统巴立克立克组(P₁b)中的玄武岩夹层进行锆石U-Pb定年及地球化学分析,获得年龄为(287.6±5.5)Ma,表明该玄武岩为塔里木盆地早二叠世岩浆活动的产物。地球化学特征表明,玄武岩w(SiO₂)为46.15%~48.64%,w(MgO)为2.87%~4.23%,w(Na₂O)-2%<w(K₂O),暗示其为钾质碱性玄武岩,岩石总体上亏损Rb、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素,而相对富集Th、U、Ti和LREE等高场强元素,但Nb-Ta显示弱的负异常,与峨眉山及区域上的四石厂、达木斯、其木干玄武岩具有相同或相近的图型特征。该玄武岩具有高的Ti和Nb含量及低的Zr/Nb比值,暗示其来自富集的地幔源区,Mg#和Cr、Ni等相容元素含量变化较大,表明其曾经历广泛的橄榄石、单斜辉石和斜长石的结晶分异作用,且Nb/U比值为19.27~21.44,指示成岩过程中受到一定程度的地壳混染。基于研究区玄武岩与区域上玄武岩相近的时代、地球化学特征及处于内陆稳定构造环境,认为该玄武岩与塔里木盆地广泛分布的玄武岩同属一个时代和构造背景下的产物。      

再论矿区生态系统恢复重建

经济发展过程中资源消耗所致的生态系统退化与退化生态系统的恢复重建已成为人类社会发展的一对永恒矛盾。多年来,矿区土地复垦仅局限在狭义上的矿区概念来开展的,即以矿山生产作业区为核心的小区域,一开始是零散分布,后来演变到集中连片。这种狭义上     

低磷饲料添加谷氨酸对松浦镜鲤幼鱼肠道消化酶活性及肠道形态的影响

【目的】探讨低磷饲料中添加谷氨酸对松浦镜鲤肠道消化酶活性及肠道形态的影响。【方法】将初始体质量(5.07±0.02)g的松浦镜鲤450尾随机分为5组,其中4个实验组在低磷(NaH_2PO_3质量分数1.5%)饲料中分别添加质量分数0%、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的谷氨酸(Glu),分别为G0、G0.5、G1.0、G2.0组,同时以正常磷饲料(2.0%NaH2PO3)为对照(C组),实验周期为8周。【结果】G1组前肠和后肠的蛋白酶活性显著高于G0组,与C组差异不显著;G1前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于G0、G0.5和G2组,C和G1组中肠脂肪酶活性显著高于G0组;C和G1组中肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P 0.05),各组间前肠和后肠淀粉酶活性差异不显著(P 0.05)。各添加组的松浦镜鲤幼鱼前肠和后肠的皱襞高度显著高于G0组,且前肠的皱襞高度与C组相比差异不显著;C组后肠的皱襞高度显著高于其他各组(P 0.05)。G2组前肠的绒毛宽度与C组相比差异不显著(P0.05),其他各组的松浦镜鲤幼鱼前肠的绒毛宽度显著低于C组(P0.05);中肠和后肠的绒毛宽度各组间没有显著差异(P 0.05)。各添加组的松浦镜鲤幼鱼前肠的基层厚度与C组比没有显著差异(P 0.05)。中肠和后肠的基层厚度各组间没有显著差异(P 0.05)。肠体指数和肠长指数各组间没有显著差异(P 0.05)。添加Glu组的前肠绒毛高度及密度均显著增加,且排列整齐。【结论】低磷饲料中添加谷氨酸可以增加松浦镜鲤幼鱼肠道消化酶活性并改善肠道形态结构。     

牙形石微量元素对生物绝灭事件的响应: 以二叠-三叠系全球层型剖面第一幕绝灭事件为例

首次系统地利用浙江长兴煤山剖面牙形石化石, 依托中国地质大学(武汉) 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室激光剥蚀等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS) 获取牙形石微区原位元素含量信息.结果显示, 牙形石的Ce异常和稀土总量出现快速的波动, 它们均反映出P/T之交环境(氧化-还原、生态条件等) 的不稳定性.这些微量元素特征可以很好地与古海洋环境和生物绝灭事件耦合.这一研究将为系统探索全球古生代末生物大灭绝及其后生物复苏的过程、时限与古海洋化学及古生态变化性质等问题的研究提供新的途径, 并有望对这些重要科学问题提供有效的制约.      

Analysis on monthly-averaged distribution of sea surface wind and wave over the seas southeast of Asia using ERS-2 scatterometer data

The wind system over the seas southeast of Asia (SSEA) plays an important role in China's climate variation. In this paper, ERS scatterometer winds covering the period from January 2000 to December 2000 and the area of 2-41 °N, 105- 130°E were analyzed with a distance-weighting interpolation method and the monthly mean distribution of the sea surface wind speed were given. The seasonal characteristics of winds in the SSEA were analyzed. Based on WAVEWATCH Ⅲ model, distribution of significant wave height was calculated.     

甘新蒙北山地区成矿带划分和基本特征对比

在对甘新蒙北山地区成矿地质背景和成矿在时空上的联系性等综合研究分析基础上,运用新理论、新认识,以板块构造单元划分为基础,将本区划分为3个Ⅲ级成矿带、11个Ⅳ级成矿带,并对Ⅲ级成矿带特征进行了阐述,以期为矿产勘查和地质大调查工作部署提供新的思路和依据。进一步就主要矿床(点)、构造单元、矿种、赋矿建造、控矿因素、成矿类型、成矿时代等方面进行了对比,认为各Ⅳ级成矿带在区域上具有相对稳定的展布范围,具有相同的构造环境和成矿条件、类似的矿种和成矿时代,存在一定的相似性、可比性,并且各成矿带具有一定的潜在找矿价值。     

Adhesion mechanisms of Vibrio fluvialis to skin mucus of Epinephelus awoara

Vibrio fluvialis incubated in trypticase soy broth (TSB) showed stronger adhesion to the skin mucus of Epinephelus awoara than V. fluvialis grown on trypticase soy agar (TSA), and this bacterial adhesion was assessed in terms of saturation kinetics. Treating bacteria with antibody against O-antigens resulted in significantly reduced bacterial adhesion. In the early growth stage, the adhering bacteria numbers increased with incubation time, peaked at 24 h, and then dropped sharply. Prior heat treatment of the mucus at various temperatures resulted in different effects on bacterial adhesion. No remarkable effect on bacterial adhesion was detected after treating mucus with protease K and trypsin, whereas periodic acid treatment significantly enhanced bacterial adhesion. Extracts of V. fluvialis surface structures at high concentrations significantly inhibited bacterial adhesion, while relatively low concentrations enhanced adhesion. V. fluvialis had strong affinity for a high molecular weight mucus component. These results indicate that V. fluvialis adhered strongly to E. awoara mucus by specific adhesion and that this adhesion was influenced by many factors, including bacterial conditions, mucus, and the environment.     

规范化管理在枣庄市薛城区煤矿发展中的应用

根据枣庄市薛城区辖区内煤矿开采资源储量将近枯竭的现状,阐述了实施规范化管理,增强矿井发展潜力的必要性。针对矿井实际情况,建立了一整套的管理制度考核机制,并通过实施规范化管理,促进矿井的安全生产,使该矿的经济效益和社会效益有了明显提高。     

Interpretation of sea surface wind interannual vector EOFs over the China seas

Using interpolation and averaging methods, we analyzed the sea surface wind data obtained from December 1992 to November 2008 by the scatterometers ERS-1, ERS-2, and QuikSCAT in the area of 2°N–39 °N, 105°E–130°E, and we reported the monthly mean distributions of the sea surface wind field. A vector empirical orthogonal function (VEOF) method was employed to study the data and three temporal and spatial patterns were obtained. The first interannual VEOF accounts for 26% of the interannual variance and displays the interannual variability of the East Asian monsoon. The second interannual VEOF accounts for 21% of the variance and reflects the response of China sea winds to El Nio events. The temporal mode of VEOF-2 is in good agreement with the curve of the Nio 3.4 index with a four-month lag. The spatial mode of VEOF-2 indicates that four months after an El Nio event, the southwesterly anomalous winds over the northern South China Sea, the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea can weaken the prevailing winds in winter, and can strengthen the prevailing winds in summer. The third interannual VEOF accounts for 10% of the variance and also reflects the influence of the ENSO events to China Sea winds. The temporal mode of VEOF-3 is similar to the curve of the Southern Oscillation Index. The spatial mode of VEOF-3 shows that the northeasterly anomalous winds over the South China Sea and the southern part of the East China Sea can weaken the prevailing winds, and southwesterly anomalous winds over the northern part of the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea can strengthen the prevailing winds when El Nio occurs in winter. If El Nio happens in summer, the reverse is true.