观测场草皮种植技术

随着气象现代化建设事业的飞跃发展,对气象台（站）环境建设的要求也越来越高,观测场的环境改造势在必行。我局率先在观测场种植绿化草皮一地毯草,并获得成功。该草一般在每年的y－9月份种植,并具有“矮、密、快”的特点：即高度矮,在ZOom以下,符合《地面气象观测规范腰求;根系密,扎根深,生长速度快,适合于台（站）观测场种植。而且它还有投资少、见效快的优势,便于推广。亚种植前观测场地整治首先,在种植草皮前1个月左右,重施除草剂,等原草皮全部枯萎,直至草根腐烂后将观测场的枯黄草皮全部连根铲除,把地翻松,同时清除部…     

红土地上谱新章

东兰县国土资源局领导班子树立正确的政绩观和科学的发展观,带领全局干部职工认真贯彻落实国土资源管理的法律法规,以保护耕地、维护农民利益、服务经济建设、支持社会发展为己任,与时俱进,开拓创新,不断提高行政效益和服务水平,在革命     

利用WinView软件进行图像处理

ＷｉｎＶｉｅｗ是一个用于图像采集和处理的软件包。在图像处理方法，具有很强的图像后处理功能，它除了能对图像进行线性、非线性、像素合并、多图关联和阈值处理外，还能对图像进行边增强、锐化、平滑等处理。本文详细介绍了这些功能及在天文观测上的应用，以期对使用这个软件的观测者有所帮助。     

小偃54小麦的抗逆性表现

小偃54是一个具有杂种优势、品质优良的小麦品种。通过在豫南试种、示范及对其生理机制探讨发现：它有发达的根系，可在逆境中充分吸收营养、水分等，以满足自身营养需要和加大蒸发量，以调解渍水及旱灾条件下的生理功能和提高抵御病、旱、涝、倒伏等自然灾害的抗逆能力；具有旗叶中等、旗叶上挺的特征，因此通风透光较好，冠层温度较低，具有较高的抗干热风能力。此外，它是蛋白质含量很高的优质小麦，又是氮高效基因型，既能在逆境胁迫下充分吸收营养，又能用自身能量维护渍水条件下的生存需要，同时它又是属于高效低营养基因型。尤其适合在低磷协迫下利用其自身遗传生理特性去活化吸收营养，调解抗逆能力，获得较高产量。     

铁岭市局局务公开工作深入扎实

本刊讯 近年来，铁岭市气象局按照辽宁省气象局关于局务公开工作的要求，结合单位实际，深入、扎实、创新地开展局务公开工作，取得了明显实效，受到中国气象局和省局领导的充分肯定。     

1980–2011年中国农作物种植结构时空变化（英文）

Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of cropping systems is very important for agricultural policymaking and food security assessment,and can provide a basis for national policies regarding cropping systems adjustment and agricultural adaptation to climate change.With rapid development of society and the economy,China's cropping structure has profoundly changed since the reform and opening up in 1978,but there has been no systematic investigation of the pattern,process and characteristics of these changes.In view of this,a crop area database for China was acquired and compiled at the county level for the period 1980–2011,and linear regression and spatial analysis were employed to investigate the cropping structure type and cropping proportion changes at the national level.This research had three main findings:(1) China's cropping structure has undergone significant changes since 2002;the richness of cropping structure types has increased significantly and a diversified-type structure has gradually replaced the single types.The single-crop types—dominated by rice,wheat or maize—declined,affected by the combination of these three major food crops in mixed plantings and conversion of some of their planting area to other crops.(2) In the top 10 types,82.7% of the county-level cropping structure was rice,wheat,maize and their combinations in 1980;however,this proportion decreased to 50.7% in 2011,indicating an adjustment period of China's cropping structure.Spatial analysis showed that 63.8% of China's counties adjusted their cropping structure,with the general change toward reducing the main food types and increasing fruits and vegetables during 1980–2011.(3) At the national level,the grain-planting pattern dominated by rice shifted to coexistence of rice,wheat and maize during this period.There were significant decreasing trends for 47% of rice,61% of wheat and 29.6% of maize cropping counties.The pattern of maize cropping had the most significant change,with the maize proportion decreasing in the zone from northeastern to southwestern China during this period.Cities and their surroundings were hotspots for cropping structural adjustment.Urbanization has significantly changed cropping structure,with most of these regions showing rapid increases in the proportion of fruit and vegetables.Our research suggests that the policy of cropping structural adjustment needs to consider geographical characteristics and spatial planning of cropping systems.In this way,the future direction of cropping structural adjustment will be appropriate and scientifically based,such as where there is a need to maintain or increase rice and wheat cropping,increase soybean and decrease maize,and increase the supply of fruit and vegetables.     

淄博60a气温和降水量变化趋势分析

利用1954—2013年淄博观测站平均气温和降水量资料,运用线性拟合、滑动t检验、Mann-Kendall突变检验和小波分析等方法,对气温和降水量的变化特征进行分析。结果表明：年季平均气温均呈上升趋势,其中冬季增暖最明显,年平均气温在1987年发生增温突变。降水量较气温变化复杂,没有明显突变点,总体呈减少趋势,季节变化差异大,表现为春季降水量明显增加,秋季减少。年平均气温主要存在30a 和8a 左右周期性变化,年降水量主要存在11a和3a左右周期性变化。     

岭南东江流域晚更新世哺乳动物化石的新发现

近年在南岭以南的广东东江流域河源地区东源县上莞镇的碧寿洞中发现较丰富的古哺乳动物牙齿化石。经鉴定为6个目5属5种,称之为碧寿动物群。根据碧寿动物群指示的古生态、化石层位、热释光测试结果和生物地层对比初步认为,该动物群与西江流域的罗沙岩动物群一样,都属于晚更新世时期的大熊猫—剑齿象动物群,生活在MIS5a时的间冰期,但罗沙岩动物群的时代略早,为(79.0±15)kaBP,而碧寿动物群则存在于末次冰期/末次间冰期之交的MIS5a之末叶。此动物群为广东东江流域历年首现,代表了当时的热带北缘森林草原的自然环境。     

The characteristics of tectonic stress field about strike slip earthquake－generating structure in the Chinese mainland

（环文林，汪素云，宋昭仪）Ｔｈｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｓｔｒｅｓｓｆｉｅｌｄａｂｏｕｔｓｔｒｉｋｅｓｌｉｐｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｎｇｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｍａｉｎｌａｎｄ￥Ｗｅｎ－Ｌｉｎ...     

强余震的断层面解特征

本文分析了我国及邻区16次大地震的前震、主震和强余震的断层面解.其结果表明:前震和主震具有很好的一致性;一部分强余震同主震相比具有明显的差异, 具有明显差异的强余震发生的时间, 一般都在主震之后的一、二天内.这些特点有助于对地震趋势的估计.断层面解的差异性可能由于局部应力场引起, 也可能由于震源区断层面错动性质的多样性所致.