江苏连云港第四纪须鲸骨骼的发现

2011年8月出土于连云港第四纪全新世连云港组中段陆相黑色淤泥质亚黏土地层的须鲸不完整的脊椎骨显示,该鲸死亡后骨架经潮汐海浪冲击解体,在距今约0．85万年的古黄河入海口附近被淤泥掩埋。根据该须鲸不完整骨骼保留的特征和全新世鲸类分布及洄游范围,可以确定其属于活动于黄海的长须鲸（Balaenoptera physalus）、蓝鲸（Balaenoptera muscullLg）和座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）这样的大型须鲸。     

基于HJ-1A卫星CCD遥感影像数据的煤矿区塌陷坑积水和煤堆监测

地表塌陷积水和煤堆的识别与区分是煤矿开采区环境保护的重要工作内容。本文利用HJ-1A卫星CCD遥感影像数据,以神东矿区为例,在深入分析矿区煤堆、塌陷积水、其它水体和工矿用地等地物的光谱特征基础之上,通过波段反射率差异和归一化水体指数(NDWI)构建了矿区内煤堆和塌陷积水的遥感提取与识别决策树模型。模型分析表明,塌陷积水的NDWI指数范围为[0.02,0.13],与部分裸土/工矿用地容易混合,需要利用红光通道阈值进行剔除。煤堆与其他非水体地物都有较明显的区分但与塌陷水体较为一致,需进一步通过红色通道阈值加以区分,当阈值为0.14时研究区提取结果最佳。研究区内共提取出煤堆373个,面积4.96 km2,塌陷积水11个,面积0.51 km2。通过与2.5 m空间分辨率的SPOT卫星目视解译验证表明,本文利用HJ-1A CCD影像数据识别总精度可达97.77%,构建的决策模型适用于矿区内煤堆及水体信息的自动提取。     

Decadal variability of chlorophyll a in the South China Sea: a possible mechanism

Four climatologies on a monthly scale (January, April, May and November) of chlorophyll a within the South China Sea (SCS) were calculated using a Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) (1979-1983) and the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) (1998-2002). We analyzed decadal variability of chlorophyll a by comparing the products of the two observation periods. The relationships of variability in chlorophyll a with sea surface wind speed (SSW), sea surface temperature (SST), wind stress (WS), and mixed layer depth (MLD) were determined. The results indicate that there is obvious chlorophyll a decadal variability in the SCS. The decadal chlorophyll a presents distinct seasonal variability in characteristics, which may be as a result of various different dynamic processes. The negative chlorophyll a concentration anomaly in January was associated with the warming of SST and a shallower MLD. Generally, there were higher chlorophyll a concentrations in spring during the SeaWiFS period compared with the CZCS period. However, the chlorophyll a concentration exhibits some regional differences during this season, leading to an explanation being difficult. The deepened MLD may have contributed to the positive chlorophyll a concentration anomalies from the northwestern Luzon Island to the northeastern region of Vietnam during April and May. The increases of chlorophyll a concentration in northwestern Borneo during May may be because the stronger SSW and higher WS produce a deeper mixed layer and convective mixing, leading to high levels of nutrient concentrations. The higher chlorophyll a off southeastern Vietnam may be associated with the advective transport of the colder water extending from the Karimata Strait to southeastern Vietnam.     

Low-frequency variations in primary production in the Oman upwelling zone associated with monsoon winds

Thirteen-year satellite-derived data are used to investigate the temporal variability of net primary production (NPP) in the Oman upwelling zone and its potential forcing mechanisms. The NPP in the Oman upwelling zone is characterized by an abnormal decrease during El Ni o events. Such an NPP decrease may be related to El Ni o-driven anomalous summertime weak wind. During the summer following El Ni o, the anomalous northeasterly wind forced by southwest Indian Ocean warming weakens the southwest monsoon and warms the Arabian Sea. The abnormal wind weakens the coastal Ekman transport, offshore Ekman pumping and horizontal advection, resulting in reduced upward nutrient supply to the euphotic zone. A slightly declining trend in NPP after 2000 associated with a gradual decrease in surface monsoon winds is discussed.     

Interannual and interdecadal variability of East Asian monsoon and its relation to oceanic processes: a review

A key component of the East Asian climate system is seasonally varying monsoon wind. Its interannual and interdecadal variability, as well as underlying oceanic processes, is the subject of a recent project completed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. A series of research progress in the areas of monsoon winds, ocean responses, upwelling and productivity has been made and reviewed by this paper.     

浅谈快捷建库与数据处理系统的功能设计

介绍了快捷建库与数据处理系统涉及的内容和研究开发的技术路线,并对该系统的各项模块功能进行了详细的阐述,提出了基于ArcGIS平台实现系统各功能模块的理论可行性综合功能的操作方法。     

我国20个地区大气折射指数垂直分布的三种统计模式

利用我国２０个测站常规控空资料，运用大气折射理论和统计学方法建立了大气折射垂直分布的三种统计模式，分析结果表明：目前使用的４／３地球半径模式精度较差，只有在离地面１ｋｍ高度以下使用，才能保证精度；改进的等效地球半径模式精度最高；指数模式在离地面３ｋｍ高度以下使用，精度也能得到保证。