A DYNAMICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE WIND FIELD IN TROPICAL CYCLONES

Based on the primitive equations in polar coordinates, supposing that parcel velocity in tropical cyclones is in linear variation and that the distribution of surface pressure agrees with the Fujita formula, a set of equations are derived, which describe the impact of perturbations of central pressure, position of tropical cyclones, direction and velocity of movement of tropical cyclones on the wind field. It is proved that the second order approximation of the kinetic energy of tropical cyclones can be described by the equations under linear approximation. Typhoon Wipha (2007) is selected to verify the above interpretation method, and the results show that the interpretation method of the wind field could give very good results before the landfall of tropical cyclones, while making no apparent improvement after the landfall. The dynamical interpretation method in this paper is applicable to improving the forecasts of the wind field of tropical cyclones close to the coast.     

Influences of the clearness index on UV solar radiation for two locations in the Tibetan Plateau-Lhasa and Haibei

Ultraviolet （UV） solar radiation has a significant influence on human health, the environment and climate. A series of measurements, including UV radiation （290 400 nm） and global solar radiation （Rs）, were continuously recorded from August 2004 at the Lhasa and Haibei sites on the Tibetan Plateau. Both observation sites＇ altitudes are above 3000 m and have similar meteorological conditions. The data from 2005 2006 was used to identify the varying characteristics of UV radiation. It＇s relation to the clearness index Ks, the relative optical mass mr, and Rs were established. The annual mean values of total daily UV radiation are 0.92 and 0.67 MJ m^-2 at Lhasa and Haibei, respectively. The UV radiation in Lhasa represented 4.6% of the global solar radiation while in Haibei this percentage was 4.2%. In the case of clear days （Ks 〉 0.8）, these percentages ranged between 4.0% and 4.5% in Lhasa and between 5.1% and 5.5% in Haibei. In the case of cloudy days （Ks 〈 0.4）, these percentages ranged from 4.4% to 6.8% in Lhasa and from 5.1% to 5.5% in Haibei. The maximum values of UV radiation for each relative optical mass diminished exponentially with mr. Thus, for Lhasa and Haibei, UV=46.25mr-129, and UV=51.76mr-142, respectively. The results of this study can be used to obtain more UV radiation data for the study of UV climate characteristics, the effects of UV on ecological processes and the feedback of the thinning of the stratospheric ozone, from more routine measurements Rs data.     

PSInSAR中PS的自动探测

为了有效探测PSInSAR中的永久散射体,充分考虑永久散射体对雷达波的强反射特性及强稳定性,文中提出三阈值探测法,即联合采用时序相关系数、振幅离差和振幅指数3重阈值串行结合的算法,该方法首先考虑雷达回波信号的强信噪比,用平均相干系数和振幅两道阈值挑选出永久散射体候选点,然后考虑永久散射体强稳定性,用振幅离差阈值从永久散射体后选点中进一步精选出永久散射体。最后利用澳门地区的30幅Envisat影像进行实验,证明该方法有效且可靠。     

西秦岭天水地区"李子园群"的解体及其构造环境浅析

依据岩石组成及变质变形特征,西秦岭天水地区“李子园群”可解体为5部分。初步研究认为,关于镇蛇绿岩形成于洋盆环境;流水沟变质中基性杂岩体为加里尔期岛弧型深成杂岩体;李子园群(狭义)形成于北秦岭南缘弧前盆地环境;太阳寺岩组形成于扬子板块北缘被动陆缘环境;舒家坝群上部灰岩组形成于西秦岭微板块北缘半深海—深海盆地环境。     

西秦岭天水地区关子镇中基性岩浆杂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

西秦岭天水关子镇地区新确定的流水沟变质中基性岩浆杂岩体主要由变质辉长岩-辉长闪长岩-闪长岩组成,地球化学特征显示其形成于岛弧构造环境。变质中基性岩浆杂岩的TIMS法锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(507.5±3.0)Ma,表明西秦岭北带岛弧型岩浆岩的形成时代为晚寒武世,反映以关子镇蛇绿岩为代表的古洋盆的俯冲作用和形成火山-岩浆岛弧的时限可能为晚寒武世或稍早。     

浙江盛夏降温用电负荷评估模型研究

运用相关分析、回归分析、方差分析、REOF等方法,对浙江盛夏的气温与用电负荷的关系进行了分析,建立了降温用电负荷评估模型,还分析了浙江盛夏降温耗能(降温度日数)的分布和长期变化特征。结果表明,浙江盛夏的日平均气温与日平均用电负荷、日最高气温与日最大负荷存在显著的正相关,以此为基础建立的降温负荷评估方程具有较高的拟合度;50年来,浙江盛夏降温耗能(降温度日数)年际波动大,浙北区降温度日数略呈下降趋势,浙西南区呈明显下降趋势,而浙沿海区则呈明显上升趋势。     

西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩的厘定及其地质意义

西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩由变质基性火山岩(斜长角闪片岩)和蛇纹岩、变辉石岩、变辉长岩等构造岩块组成。其中的变质基性火山岩具有N-MORB的地球化学特征，显示关子镇蛇绿岩是洋脊型蛇绿岩残片，是新元古代一早古生代期间西秦岭李子园-关子镇-武山洋盆扩张过程中岩浆活动的产物，代表了东秦岭商丹斗早古生代古缝合带在西秦岭造山带向西延伸的组成部分。     

论钾长石的研究现状及开发前景

钾长石提钾技术取得了可喜的进展。由于面临严重的缺钾状况,我国从20世纪50年代就进行了钾长石提钾的研究,但至目前钾长石综合利用方面仍不尽如人意。当今钾长石制钾肥、分子筛、白炭黑工艺研究已趋成熟,但其中存在问题还亟待解决,如:烧结温度太高、工艺对环境污染严重、固定投资昂贵、硅酸盐菌种纯培养周期太长等。通过对各工艺进行了优劣对比以及经济和技术的可行性的论证认为。钾长石综合开发利用有着很好的前景。     

InSAR提取DEM的原理与实践

介绍合成孔径雷达干涉测量的原理和DEM获取流程。基于Linux操作系统,利用Gamma软件处理平台,对上海某地区ERS-1／2卫星影像数据进行处理,成功提取高精度的数字高程模型。