China’s Geological Science and Technology Has Made New Progress during 2018

正(1) Major scientific and technological innovations have been made in the Deep Continental Scientific Drilling Project of the Songliao Basin Well Songke 2 has a drilling depth of 7018 m. The large-bore coring technology system for ultra-deep wells has overcome major technical problems in deep exploration of the earth, such as ultra-high temperature drilling technology, and has created four world records. Two kinds     

Jurassic Subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean in NE China: Zircon U–Pb and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic Evidence from the Huashan and Taili Monzogranites

The Qilian orogen along the NE edge of the Tibet‐Qinghai Plateau records the evolution of Proto‐Tethyan Ocean that closed through subduction along the southern margin of the North China block during the Early Paleozoic. The South Qilian belt is the southern unit of this orogen and dominated by Cambrian‐Ordovician volcano‐sedimentary rocks and Neoproteozoic Hualong complex that contains similar rock assemblages of the Central Qilian block. Our recent geological mapping and petrologic results demonstrate that volcano‐sedimentary rocks show typical rock assembles of a Cambrian‐early Ordovician arc‐trench system in Lajishan Mts. along the northern margin of the Hualong Complex. Island arc rocks including basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite, and breccia is in fault contact with ophiolite complex consisting of mantle peridotite, serpentinite, gabbro, dolerite, plagiogranite, and basalt. Accretionary complexes are tectonically separated from the ophiolite‐arc rocks, with various rock assemblages spatially. They consist of pillow basalt, basalt breccia, tuff, chert, and limestone blocks with a seamount origin within the scaly shale in Dingmaoshan and Donggoumeikuang areas, and basalt, chert, and sandstone blocks within muddy shale matrix and mélange at Lajishankou area. Abundant radiolarians occur in red chert, and trilobite, brachiopod, and coral fossils occur within Dingmaoshan limestone blocks. Although partial basalt or chert blocks are highly disrupted, duplex, thrust fault, rootless intrafolial fold, tight fold, and penetrative foliation are well‐developed at Donggoumeikuang area. Spatially, accretionary complexes lie structurally beneath ophiolite complex and above the turbidites of the Central Qilian block. Ophiolite and accretionary complexes are also overlapped by late Ordovician molasse deposits sourced from Cambrian arc‐trench system and the Central Qilian block. These observations demonstrate that a Cambrian‐early Ordovician trench‐arc system within the South Qilian belt formed during the early Paleozoic southward subduction of the South Qilian Ocean collided with the Central Qilian block prior to the late Ordovician.     

The Concert between Geology and Artificial Intelligence:Automatic Identification of Heavy Minerals from River Sand

正Heavy minerals with densities higher than 2.8 g.cm~(-3) are generally considered minor components of sand or sandstone,typically forming 1%of the weight in the samples (Mange and Wright,2007).Heavy-mineral analysis is an effective tool for studying the sedimentary provenance of siliciclastic rocks,reconstructing sedimentary sources to sink routes,subdividing and correlating non-fossiliferous siliciclastic strata,and finds     

Effects of Overpressured Fluid Flow on Petroleum Accumulationin the Yinggehai Basin

The Yinggehai Basin is a strongly overpressured Cenozoic basin developed in the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea. The flow of overpressured fluids in this basin has given rise to strong effects on petroleum accumulation. (1) The overpressured fluid flow has enhanced the maturation of shallow-buried source rocks, which has caused the source rocks that would have remained immature under the conduction background to be mature for hydrocarbon generation. As a result, the overpressured fluid flow has increased the volume and interval of mature source rocks. (2) The overpressured fluid flow has strong extraction effects on the immature or low-mature source rocks in the shallow parts. This has increased, to some extent, the expulsion efficiency of the source rocks. More importantly, the extraction effects have strongly limited the effectiveness of biomarker parameters from oil and condensate in reflecting the source and maturity of the oil and gas. (3) The flow has caused the sandstones in the     

Integrated Reservoir Prediction and Oil-Gas Evaluation in the Maoshan Area

The Maoshan area is an area with well-developed igneous rocks and complex structures. The thickness of the reservoirs is generally small. The study of the reservoirs is based on seismic data, logging data and geological data. Using techniques and software such as Voxelgeo, BCI, RM, DFM and AP, the authors have made a comprehensive analysis of the lateral variation of reservoir parameters in the Upper Shazu bed of the third member of the Palaeogene Funing Formation, and compiled the thickness map of the Shazu bed. Also, with the data from ANN, BCI and the abstracting method for seismic characteristic parameters in combination with the structural factors, the authors have tried the multi-parameter and multi-method prediction of petroleum, delineated the potential oil and gas areas and proposed two well sites. The prediction of oil and gas for Well JB2 turns out to be quite successful.     

Control of differential tectonic evolution on petroleum occurrence in Bohai Bay Basin

The Bohai Bay Basin(BBB)is the most petroliferous Cenozoic basin in the east of China.It consists of seven depressions.Each depression has been subjected to different stress states and then has experienced varying faulting processes since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism(from the Pliocene to the present).On the basis of the investigation of fault patterns,fault densities and fault activity rates(FARs)for each depression,this paper demonstrates the discrepancy of faulting development and evolution across the BBB.The dynamic mechanism for the differences in faulting is also discussed by the analysis of the regional stress state.The Bozhong Depression is just situated in the transtensional zone induced by the two active strike-slip faults,namely Yingkou-Weifang and Beijing-Penglai.In this depression,the major faults which cut through the Paleogene or the Cenozoic have had higher than 10 m/Ma FARs since the Neogene,and the highest FARs have reached or exceeded 25 m/Ma during the Neotectonism.As a result,most of the petroleum has migrated along these major faults and accumulated within the Neogene.In contrast,in the other depressions of the BBB away from the Bozhong Depression,the FARs of the major faults were decreased to lower than 10 m/Ma since the Neogene,and tended to be zero during the Neotectonism.Therefore,the major faults could not serve as vertical conduits for petroleum migration,and the petroleum was entrapped in the Paleogene.Consequently,the faulting since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism,controlled the petroleum richness in vertical strata.     

The Origin and Features of the Two Intermediate-Acid Intrusive Series in Tongling Area, Anhui, China

1. Introduction Tongling district is situated in the southern part of the Yangtze River, Anhui province, China (Fig. 1). It is one of the most important metal basements in China, being rich copper material resources, also named "ancient copper capital of China". Studies showed that each copper ore deposit is bound up with the intermediate-acid intrusive rocks in the area. Therefore, many researchers (e.g. Chang Yinfu et al, 1987; Xing Fengming, et al, 1995; Zhou Xinrou, et al, 1993; and…     

2013年华南前汛期持续性强降水的大尺度环流与低频信号特征

自2013年3月下旬开始,华南地区遭遇持续性强降水袭击。采用小波分析、交叉小波变换和小波相干、集合经验模态分解(EEMD)、带通滤波等统计方法,分析2013年华南前汛期持续性强降水过程的大尺度大气环流和低频特征,寻找影响持续性强降水可能的前期信号。揭示出:(1)2013年华南前汛期持续性强降水主要分为两个时段:3月26日—4月11日(第1阶段)和4月23日—5月30日(第2阶段)。前者华南雨带呈现西北一东南分布,由北向南降水量逐渐增大,后者降水强度较前者强,雨带主要集中在华南北部和东南沿海地区。(2)第1阶段华南降水主要受北方冷空气的持续影响,第2阶段主要受西太平洋副热带高压和南海季风的影响。两个阶段的环流特征明显不同:第1阶段在对流层中层主要对应西高东低的经向环流,东亚大槽深厚、东北冷涡长时间盘踞,北方冷空气与来自西太平洋副热带高压西北侧的暖湿气流交汇在华南,此时以冷式锋面降水为主;第2阶段500 hPa高度场为两脊一槽的分布型。热带对流活跃,其上空表现一异常的气旋环流,具有季风降水的性质。(3)第1(2)阶段降水呈现出20—50(8—15)d的振荡特征,可能是北方冷空气活动频繁(西太平洋副热带高压加强和南海季风爆发)的影响,交叉小波功率谱分析得到,东北冷涡(南海北部水汽输送的纬向分量)可能提前1(1/2)个周期,对华南降水具有一定的指示。     

基于区域自动气象站的广东极端强降水特征分析

利用2003—2017年广东2000多个区域自动气象站逐小时降水资料,分析了不同历时的广东极端强降水的年和月变化特征,在此基础上分析汛期4—9月的极端强降水频次的时空分布特征。结果表明:近15年来,广东不同历时极端强降水出现频率的年变化趋势存在明显差异,在年以及前、后汛期,24 h呈减少趋势;3、1 h呈上升趋势,其中1 h极端强降水频率在年和后汛期呈显著增加趋势。5—6月是广东极端强降水最易出现的时段,频次大值主要出现在粤西南阳江、江门、茂名,中部和北部的广州、清远以及粤东的汕头、揭阳等地。后汛期极端强降水主要出现在粤中南部地区,特别是南部沿海。1 h极端强降水次数在珠江三角洲以及茂名信宜、高州等地增加趋势明显,而粤东的大部分地区为减少趋势。地形和大气环流等可能是广东极端强降水频次中心形成的重要因素。     

Fluid Inclusion Studies of the Cunqian Copper Polymetallice Deposit, Jiangxi Province, China

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