基于景观安全格局的武夷山风景名胜区旅游干扰敏感区判识与保护

世界双遗产地独有的文化和自然景观过程与其景观格局相互作用机制特殊且复杂,构建这类区域景观安全格局并识别其敏感区,对有效开展景观生态规划与建设以及实现遗产地的精细化保护与管理有重要现实意义。以武夷山双遗产地中受自然和人类生态过程作用最为强烈且频繁的武夷山风景名胜区为研究对象,基于景观生态学和相关规划理论,从自然、生物和人文过程着手,运用3S技术构建了风景区的防洪、生物保护、自然与文化遗产保护、视觉保护和游憩体验5大景观安全格局,形成综合生态基础设施,判识旅游干扰敏感区,并就各景观安全格局与敏感区提出相应保护措施。维持景区低、中、高3种等级水平安全格局的生态基础设施分别占风景区总面积的17.1%、19.1%和40.6%;九曲溪沿线、天游峰景区、武夷宫景区等区域最为敏感脆弱,遗产保护和旅游发展矛盾最为突出,山北景区东北部、九曲溪景区南部区域茶园种植密集区的敏感性次之。景区敏感区遗产保护不能仅停留于不建设的被动状态,而应针对不同敏感区保护级别的优先性,主动寻求关键问题的保护技术手段,并制定精细化管理细则。     

内圆外方复合钢管混凝土短柱轴压承载力试验研究

为研究内圆外方复合钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力,完成了10个试件的轴心受压试验。试验结果表明:达到峰值承载力时,方钢管纵向已屈服、横向尚未屈服;试件的破坏形态为方钢管向外鼓曲、沿纵向局部撕裂,方钢管与圆钢管之间的混凝土已经酥松、局部压碎;大部分试件即使纵向平均压应变达到0.11,尚能承担不小于其峰值承载力70%的轴力;压缩刚度的计算值平均为实测值的83.6%。采用钢管仅提供轴压承载力、不提供横向约束的假定计算得到的试件的轴压承载力,与试验结果符合最好。     

The Nonlinear Interaction Process in the wave Assimilation Model and Its Experiments

This paper presents a composite interaction formula based on the discrete-interaction operator of wave-wave nonlinear interaction for deriving its adjoint source function in the wave assimilation model.Assimilation experiments were performed using the significant wave heights observed by the TOPES/POSEIDON satellite,and the gradinet distribution in the physical space was also analyzed preliminarily.     

Chemical composition and its origin in spring rainwater over Taihu Lake

1 INTRODUCTION Rainfall chemical composition is mainly re- sulted from inner-cloud nucleation and under-cloud washing. The aerosol in cloud features regional scales. The concentration and chemical composition of under-cloud aerosol reflect in overall the …     

Monthly Extended Predicting Experiments with Nonlinear Regional Prediction.PartⅡ:Improvement of Wave Component Prediction

Based on Chen et al. (2006), the scheme of the combination of the pentad-mean zonal height departure nonlinear prediction with the T42L9 model prediction was designed, in which the pentad zonal heights at all the 12-initial-value-input isobar levels from 50 hPa to 1000 hPa except 200, 300, 500, and 700 hPa were derived from nonlinear forecasts of the four levels by means of a good correlation between neighboring levels. Then the above pentad zonal heights at 12 isobar-levels were transformed to the spectrum coefficients of the temperature at each integration step of T42L9 model. At last, the nudging was made. On account of a variety of error accumulation, the pentad zonal components of the monthly height at isobar levels output by T42L9 model were replaced by the corresponding nonlinear results once more when integration was over. Multiple case experiments showed that such combination of two kinds of prediction made an improvement in the wave component as a result of wave-flow nonlinear interaction while reducing the systematical forecast errors. Namely the monthly-mean height anomaly correlation coefficients over the high- and mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, over the Southern Hemisphere and over the globe increased respectively from 0.249 to 0.347, from 0.286 to 0.387, and from 0.343 to 0.414 (relative changes of 31.5%, 41.0%, and 18.3%). The monthly-mean root-mean-square error (RMSE) of T42L9 model over the three areas was considerably decreased, the relative change over the globe reached 44.2%. The monthly-mean anomaly correlation coefficients of wave 4-9 over the areas were up to 0.392, 0.200, and 0.295, with the relative change of 53.8%, 94.1%, and 61.2%, and correspondingly their RMSEs were decreased respectively with the rate of 8.5%, 6.3%, and 8.1%. At the same time the monthly-mean pattern of parts of cases were presented better.     

Monthly Extended Predicting Experiments with Nonlinear Regional Prediction.PartⅠ:Prediction of Zonal Mean Flow

Systematic errors have recently been founded to be distinct in the zonal mean component forecasts, which account for a large portion of the total monthly-mean forecast errors. To overcome the difficulty of numerical model, the monthly pentad-riean nonlinear dynamic regional prediction models of the zonal mean geopotential height at 200, 300, 500, and 700 hPa based on a large number of historical data (NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data) were constituted by employing the local approximation of the phase space reconstruction theory and nonlinear spatio-temporal series prediction method. The 12-month forecast experiments of 1996 indicated that the results of the nonlinear model are better than those of the persistent, climatic prediction, and T42L9 model either over the high- and mid-latitude areas of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres or the tropical area. The root-mean-square of the monthly-mean height of T42L9 model was considerably decreased with a change of 30.4%, 26.6%, 82.6%, and 39.4%, respectively, over the high- and mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, over the high- and mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, over the tropics and over the globe, and also the corresponding anomaly correlation coefficients over the four areas were respectively increased by 0.306-0.312, 0.304-0.429, 0.739-0.746, and 0.360-0.400 (averagely a relative change of 11.0% over the globe) by nonlinear correction after integration, implying that the forecasts given by nonlinear model include more useful information than those of T42L9 model.     

基于差值信噪比法的船载地波雷达一阶谱识别

本文提出了适用于船载地波雷达展宽一阶谱识别的差值信噪比方法。通过结合仿真分析和实测试验数据,开展了船载地波雷达展宽一阶谱的频移和展宽特性分析,确定了一阶谱的最大展宽范围与平台运动速度之间的定量关系。通过分析一维多普勒频点间的差值数量关系,确定了边界预筛选准则。利用展宽一阶谱的区域连续特性,实现展宽一阶谱边界最终识别。采用船载地波雷达仿真和实测数据对所提方法的有效性进行了验证,所提方法相对于传统方法取得了较好的识别效果。     

中国可持续发展数据仓库建设

中国可持续发展信息共享是我国为探索国家层次上信息共享的示范,旨在向政府部门与社会公众提供可持续发展各专题的数据与信息服务,数据仓库的建设是实现信息共享与服务的支撑和基础。本文首先通过数据提取、数据转化、数据清洗以及创建元数据和数据字典等步骤,对多源异构的中国可持续发展数据进行了体系化扩展和标准化改造,为数据进入仓库奠定了基础。之后通过一套新颖的数据多维组织模式,即基于可持续发展信息分类与编码的数据组织、基于元数据和数据字典的数据组织、基于空间和时间的数据组织及面向数据集市的部门级数据组织这四种方式的综合应用,实现了海量可持续发展数据的组织和管理,建立了一个集中式的可持续发展数据仓库。最后介绍了数据仓库管理平台,并对基于该数据仓库的可持续发展数据共享和网络服务进行了展示。中国可持续发展数据仓库的建立为中国可持续发展信息共享和服务提供了良好数据基础,对国家级大型信息共享工程的建设具有一定的借鉴意义。     

IBIS-S测量系统动态测量及数据分析

随着科学技术的发展,建筑的设计要求越来越新颖,大楼的建设形状和高度不断突破。在施工、运营阶段,建筑的变形监测工作变得越来越重要。施工中必须实时提供建筑物的形变信息,给施工单位提供足够的数据参考来保证施工过程的正常运作。对大楼建设过程中的安全性进行了评估。IBIS-S系统可以对建筑物进行高精度实时变形监测,实时掌握建筑物的动态变化。