虾青素的应用前景

虾青素(astaxanthin),化学名称为3,3′-二羟基-4,4′-二酮基-β,β′-胡萝卜素,分子式为C40H52O4,相对分子质量为596.86,又名虾黄质。虾黄素或龙虾壳色素,是一种酮式类胡萝卜素。色泽为粉红色,具脂溶性,不溶于水,易溶于氯仿、     

The extraction of pigments from fresh <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laminaria japonica</Emphasis>

The pigments in Laminariajaponica was extracted with six organic solvents and analyzed in spectroscopy analysis. The extractions conditions were screened by an orthogonal test and the quantity of extracted pigments was determined spectroscopically. The results show that： （1） among the six organic solvents, acetone was the most effective one for the extraction; （2） the optimum extraction conditions were as follows： the ratio of S/M （solvent volume/ material weight） was 30 ml/g; fresh seaweed was extracted 2 times in 2 h; （3） the average total content of pigments was 1.85 mg/g （calculated with dry L. japonica）.     

The release behavior of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in sediment during disturbance

Sediments and surface water were sampled in a tide flat in the Huiquan Bay, Qingdao, China in January 2004 to simulate the exchange of NH4-N/NO3-N/PO4^3- between sediments and surface water. A working system was designed with which samples were shaken at 60, 120 and 150 revolutions per minute （r/min）. Experiment results show that NH4-N concentration in water at shaking rate of 60 r/min decreased gradually, while at 120 r/min increased gradually. In resuspension, fine-grained sediments contributed most NH4-N to the seawater, followed by medium-grained and coarse-grained sediments. The NO3-N concentration in water had a negative relation with the shaking rate; the medium-grained sediments contributed more NO3-N to seawater than the coarse- and fine-grained sediments. The PO4^3- concentration is positively related with the shaking rate, the fine-grained sediments were the main N and P contributor to the seawater, followed by medium- and coarse-grained sediments.     

基于Cassandra的海量MUSER数据分布式存储与检索研究

明安图射电频谱日像仪每天产生海量观测数据,传统的关系型数据库存储和管理这些数据时,面临着读写延迟高、性能和容量扩展能力有限以及可用性弱等诸多问题。针对这些问题,开展了基于No SQL的海量数据存储与检索应用研究。首先,详细分析了明安图射电频谱日像仪的数据特点、存储需要以及面临的问题;然后,对明安图射电频谱日像仪进行数据建模,给出了明安图射电频谱日像仪的列式非关系型数据模型,同时提出了元数据和数据在No SQL中的同步存储方法,解决了二者的一致性问题,在此基础上实现了基于Cassandra的海量天文数据存储管理系统(MBDMS);最后通过实验验证了系统存储与检索的高效性、扩展性以及可行性。实验结果表明,MBDMS可以很好地满足数据管理的需要,是解决当前数据存储问题的一种有效方案。     

基于虚拟特征点的三维激光点云粗配准算法

在地面三维激光点云特征提取的过程中,由于三维点云数据采集仪器、采集方法及后期处理等因素影响,依靠传统的基于曲率、法线等几何特征及统计学算法提取出的点云特征数量较多且存在较大误差,若使用其直接作为特征点数据进行点云粗配准,很难提高点云粗配准的精度及速度。因此,本文在对点云数据实际空间分布结构分析的基础上,结合特征点提取算法、法向一致化算法、PCA（Principal Component Analysis）方法及特征点聚类等方法,提出了一种三维激光点云数据虚拟特征点拟合算法。该算法生成的虚拟特征点是由点云实际的特征点拟合得到,或是由位于被测物特征线上的特征点拟合生成的特征线计算得到,该虚拟特征点并不是扫描对象上实际存在的激光反射脚点。通过实验验证,虚拟特征点拟合算法可以较准确地拟合出由于设备及操作方法等原因而未被采集到的建筑物边角点数据,得到的虚拟特征点数据较实际特征点数据具有更少的数据量及更高的精度,使用拟合得到的虚拟特征点可以减少粗配准算法的计算量,提高粗配准算法的计算效率并能获得更精确及可靠的初始配准变换参数。     

Isolation and characterization of venom from nematocysts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye

The present work is the first report of the biochemical characterization of the venom from nematocysts of the jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye. The nematocysts were isolated by autolysis and centrifugation and separated by flow cytometry. Four types of nematocysts were identified: mastigophores, euryteles, and atrichous and holotrichous isorhiza. SDS-PAGE and amino acid analyses demonstrated that most of the proteins in the nematocyst extract were between 10 kDa and 40 kDa, and that glutamic acid was the main amino acid. A hemolytic activity assay showed that the activity of the nematocyst venom (RNV) was strongest in Tris-HCl buffer (50 mmol/L, pH 7.8, 5% glycerol, 0.5 mmol/L EDTA, 0.1 mol/L NaCl). The hemolytic activity was related to protein concentration and the HU50 against chicken erythrocytes was 0.91 μg/mL.     

贝壳土壤改良剂的应用研究进展

贝类是中国水产动物养殖第一大品种。贝类加工产生的大量下脚料贝壳常作为废弃物丢弃或用于低值饲料的生产，资源利用率低、污染严重。将贝壳充分利用，既能减少环境污染，又可以增加贝类附加值，对提高中国贝类产业及资源可持续利用的技术水平，促进海洋生物产业的可持续发展具有重大意义。本文对近年来利用贝壳开发土壤改良剂的研究进展进行了综述，展望了其发展前景，为将来贝壳土壤改良剂的应用开发提供参考。