张朝晖治疗恶性骨肿瘤骨质暴露创面经验撷英

介绍张朝晖教授运用中西医结合治疗恶性骨肿瘤骨质暴露创面的经验。张教授认为恶性骨肿瘤骨质暴露创面的病因病机以肾虚毒聚为本,痰瘀凝骨为标,毒邪侵袭为变。在治疗上以给邪出路为基本原则,内治以温托增液、益气补血法为主,根据疾病不同阶段灵活选药,外治以生肌象皮膏联合骨创面钻孔,促进骨皮质软化脱落并逐步清除,达到偎脓长肉,创面愈合的治疗效果,临床疗效显著,并附验案1则以资佐证。     

三黄通泻合剂治疗脂源性胰腺炎30例临床观察

目的：观察三黄通泻合剂灌肠治疗脂源性胰腺炎（HLP）的临床疗效。方法：将60例HLP患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组予以西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用三黄通泻合剂灌肠治疗。比较2组腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间,治疗前后的C反应蛋白（CRP）、三酰甘油（TG）水平及平均住院时间。结果：治疗组腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间、平均住院时间均较对照组短（P<0.05）,且2组CRP、TG水平治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：三黄通泻合剂可以快速缓解患者腹痛及便秘等症状,显著抑制炎症反应,快速降低TG水平,缩短住院时间,总体疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

基于网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨青蛇方外用治疗湿疹的作用机制

目的：基于网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨青蛇方外用治疗湿疹的作用机制。方法：应用TCMSP和UniProt数据库平台查询青蛇方组方的有效活性成分及靶基因,与疾病靶基因取交集后构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络;应用DAVID数据库,对潜在核心作用靶点基因进行基因本体（GO）功能、京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析。利用分子对接原理论证青蛇方生物活性成分与核心靶点的分子结合能力。结果：筛选出青蛇方有效成分63种,作用靶点99个;主要有β-谷甾醇、2,4,7-三羟基-9,10-二氢菲、靛蓝素、豆甾醇、色氨酸等关键成分;转录因子AP-1（JUN）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、原癌基因（RELA）、干扰素γ（IFNG）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）等核心基因。关键信号通路有癌症信号通路、恰加斯病通路、弓形体病通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化通路等,分子对接结果显示活性成分与核心靶点基因结合能力较强。结论：青蛇方外用可以通过多种活性成分、多种通路有效抑制免疫炎症反应,促进免疫系统正常运行,从而达到治疗湿疹的目的。     

卫矛醇对C6胶质瘤细胞体外抗癌活性及机制探讨

目的:研究卫矛醇对C6胶质瘤细胞株的体外增殖及凋亡的影响。方法：将C6大鼠胶质瘤细胞随机分为对照组、卫矛醇干预组、卫矛醇+雷帕霉素组、卫矛醇+3-MA组,各组予不同药物孵育,采用MTT法检测卫矛醇对C6细胞的体外增殖抑制率,筛选出抑制率相对较高且生长状态良好的细胞;应用Hoechest 33342染色透射电镜观察细胞凋亡亚显微结构的改变,采用免疫荧光和Western Blot技术检测与凋亡和自噬相关蛋白的表达水平。结果:卫矛醇对C6胶质瘤细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用,并呈现出良好的浓度-效应相关性,与对照组比较,随着浓度的增加,细胞的增殖抑制率上升(P＜0.01);Hoechst染色结果显示,与对照组相比,共同孵育卫矛醇24 h后的C6细胞出现明显的核固缩现象,证明有大量的细胞出现凋亡;Western Blot结果显示,与对照组相比,促凋亡基因Bax表达上调,抗凋亡基因Bcl-2表达下调。结论:卫矛醇能够抑制C6细胞的增殖,并诱导其凋亡,其作用机制可能与上调Bax、下调Bcl-2有关。     

随钻测录井地质导向二维分解实时绘图方法

根据随钻测录井实时地质导向和大斜度、水平井评价成图技术需求，针对传统绘图方法存在的弊端，提出了将测录井信息、井眼轨迹和地质模型进行二维分解的实时绘图方法。针对二维分解绘图方法绘图时空复杂度较高的问题，给出了不同事件驱动下的局部实时计算和拷屏重绘算法，控制了对CPU和内存的消耗、提高了绘图效率，消除了实时绘图的闪烁和卡顿现象。应用实例表明，二维分解实时绘图方法能够实现大尺度随钻测录井地质导向图形的流畅、无卡顿实时绘图，可提高大斜度、水平井储层模型评价的刻画精度和时效。     

Carbon isotope systematics of individual hydrocarbons in hydrothermal petroleum from Escanaba Trough, northeastern Pacific Ocean

We submitted individual aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of hydrothermal petroleum from Escanaba Trough to compound specific isotope analysis to trace their origins. The carbon isotope compositions of the alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (means -27.5 and -24.7%, respectively) reflect a primarily terrestrial organic matter source.     

人工触发闪电电流测量及特征性分析

通过对１９９３年７月２７日的人工触发闪电电流、跨步电压的直接测量结果的分析发现,在正电场下触发的慢型放电过程由连续电流和双极性的电流脉冲过程组成,其放电特性与雷暴的电特性有关。闪电电流最大值为１．２ｋＡ,持续时间为２５ｍｓ,中和电荷量为８．９Ｃ。跨步电压与电流的测量结果相一致,是一种间接测量电流的方法。     

Distribution of moderately volatile trace elements in fine-grained chondrule rims in the unequilibrated CO3 chondrite, ALH A77307

The concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, and Se in five, fine-grained chondrule rims in the highly unequilibrated CO3 chondrite ALH A77307 (3.0) have been determined for the first time by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microprobe at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These elements are especially useful for tracing the role of condensation and evaporation processes which occurred at moderate temperatures in the solar nebula. Understanding the distribution of moderately volatile elements between matrix and chondrules is extremely important for evaluating the different models for the volatile depletions in chondritic meteorites. The data show that the trace element chemistry of rims on different chondrules is remarkably similar, consistent with data obtained for the major and minor elements by electron microprobe. These results support the idea that rims are not genetically related to individual chondrules, but all sampled the same reservoir of homogeneously mixed dust. Of the trace elements analyzed, Zn and Ga show depletions relative to CI chondrite values, but in comparison with bulk CO chondrites all the elements are enriched by approximately 1.5 to 3.5 x CO. The abundance patterns for moderately volatile elements in ALH A77307 chondrule rims closely mimic those observed in the bulk chondrite, indicating that matrix is the major reservoir for these elements. The close matching of the patterns for the volatile depleted bulk chondrite and enriched matrix is especially striking for Na, which is anomalously depleted in ALH A77307 in comparison with average CO chondrite abundances. The depletion in Na is probably attributable to the effects of leaching in Antarctica. With the exception of Na, the volatile elements show a relatively smooth decrease in abundance as a function of condensation temperature, indicating that their behavior is largely controlled by their volatility.     

Interstellar water in meteorites?

D/H ratios of two meteorites (Renazzo CR and Semarkona LL3), which are known to exhibit the largest departures from the terrestrial hydrogen isotopic ratios, have been determined with the CRPG Nancy ion microprobe. Correlations between the D/H ratios and the chemical compositions (H2O, K, Si, C/H) of plausible hydrogen carriers were observed. From these correlations, it is possible to show that, contrary to previous interpretations, phyllosilicates are the carriers of the deuterium-rich hydrogen in Semarkona and Renazzo: 870 x 10(-6) > or = D/H > or = 670 x 10(-6) (+4600 > or = deltaD > or = 3300%) and > or = 320 x 10(-6) (deltaD > or = 1050%), respectively. Hydrogen is also present in the chondrules of these two deuterium-rich meteorites. The large differences in D/H ratios between matrix (up to 700 x 10(-6), deltaD up to +3500%) and chondrules (from 120 x 10(-6) (deltaD = -230%) to 230 x 10(-6) (deltaD = +475%)) show that hydrogen in chondrules cannot originate from the matrix by simple contamination or diffusion processes. The high D/H ratios measured in water-bearing minerals could not have been produced thermally within a dense solar nebula. Chemical reactions (i.e., involving ions or radicals), taking place in interstellar space or in the outer regions of the nebula at 110-140K are presently the only conceivable mechanisms capable of yielding such isotopic enrichments. Water in these meteorites should no longer be considered as a simple product of nebular condensation under equilibrium thermodynamic conditions at T > or = 160K.     

Association of orogenic activity with the Ordovician radiation of marine life

The Ordovician radiation of marine life was among the most substantial pulses of diversification in Earth history and coincided in time with a major increase in the global level of orogenic activity. To investigate a possible causal link between these two patterns, the geographic distributions of 6576 individual appearances of Ordovician vician genera around the world were evaluated with respect to their proximity to probable centers of orogeny (foreland basins). Results indicate that these genera, which belonged to an array of higher taxa that diversified in the Middle and Late Ordovician (trilobites, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, monoplacophorans), were far more diverse in, and adjacent to, foreland basins than they were in areas farther removed from orogenic activity (carbonate platforms). This suggests an association of orogeny with diversification at that time.