对欧亚非大陆自由主义民主格局演变的批判性分析

自由主义民主作为西方谋求世界霸权而肆意输出的意识形态,以批判性话语剖析欧亚非大陆自由主义民主状况,对揭露西方民主输出的真实目的意义重大。探究欧亚非大陆“自由”等级格局演变特征,搭建“自由”等级格局演变影响因子体系,并揭示其演变影响机制。研究发现：①“自由”国家数量总体显著增长,从欧洲南部、西部、北部,亚洲南部、东北部扩散至欧洲东部、中部和非洲南部地区;“部分自由”国家数量总体明显增加,基本分布在亚洲南部、东南部,非洲东部、西部和南部;“不自由”国家数量总体略有减少,从欧洲东部、亚洲和非洲大部分地区压缩至亚非大部分地区。②“自由”等级标准差指数表现出明显上升趋势,而其变异系数表现出波动下降趋势。③总体上,欧亚非大陆具有相似“自由”等级的国家集聚程度在不断增强,其中,高值集聚出现波动增强;局部上,冷点、次冷点区域呈现“联成一片”的态势,热点、次热点区域则有“东进”的趋势。④社会经济、外部扩散、文化宗教、政治制度、西方行为等因素影响显著,且在整体和局部影响机制上呈现明显差异。⑤“自由之家”为突出和强调西方在国际政治领域的标准制定权和话语权,其“自由”等级指数具有极强的意识形态属性和战略意图。     

北斗卫星地球辐射压摄动建模研究

在对卫星所受的非保守摄动力研究中,对太阳辐射压摄动建模的研究发展迅速,而对地球辐射压摄动的研究相对缺乏,特别是其对中高轨卫星轨道影响的研究。在高精度人造卫星轨道确定中,地球辐射压摄动对于具有大面质比的导航卫星的影响越来越不可忽略。针对中国北斗导航卫星,基于地球辐射压的原理和影响机制,探讨了地球辐射压摄动建模的方法。针对北斗导航系统特点,利用地球表层的反照率和红外发射率的分布格网数据,建立了精确的地球辐射压模型,并利用全球MGEX站观测数据和中国区域监测站数据,进行了对北斗卫星引入地球辐射压模型的验证试验,分析了其定轨精度,检验了模型的正确性和可靠性。试验表明,对北斗卫星来说,在加入地球辐射压模型ERPM2(Earth radiation pressure model 2)后,轨道精度比不加入地球辐射压模型提高约4 mm;加入ERPM1模型则相应提高约2 mm。对部分卫星,加入地球辐射压模型后,其轨道精度修正量可达5～10 mm。通过卫星激光测距(satellite laser ranging,SLR)检核发现,加入ERPM2模型后,北斗中轨道地球卫星正常姿态时的轨道径向精度提高3.1 cm,GPS 036卫星轨道径向精度改善0.8～1.4 cm。因此,地球辐射压摄动模型在北斗导航卫星高精度轨道确定研究中具有一定的意义。     

加强领导 强化措施 全力推进金土工程建设 努力提高信息化水平——内蒙古自治区国土资源厅金土工程一期建设成效综述

内蒙古自治区国土资源厅在厅党组和厅信息化工作领导小组的正确领导及国土资源部的大力支持下,金土工程一期建设工程坚持高起点规划,高标准实施,切实加强领导,扎实推进,圆满完成了各项建设任务。顺利通过国土资源部的检查验收,为进一步提高信息化水平奠定了良好基础。     

张北Ms6.2地震前重力异常及异常机制探讨

根据晋北和辽西地区地质构造背景及力学机制，分析了1998年张北Ms6.2地震前后出现在震中外围地区的重力异常变化，对沿深部断裂附近出现的重力异常进行了分析讨论，认为沿深部断裂出现的重力异常可作为地震前兆场的信息。     

数字城市实现的技术体系研究

数字城市是数字地球实现的一个重要节点，该文分析了数字城市的产生背景，提出了数字城市的研究体系－数字城市的基础研究，数字城市的实现技术以及数字城市的工程研究，最后论述了数字城市实现的关键性技术。     

首都圈地区重力变化及其映震能力

对首都圈流动重力观测成果进行非潮汐信息的提取，得到了首都圈地区１９８４—１９９３年期间的重力动态变化图像，认为重力变化与区域构造活动有一定的相关性。以大于２倍均方差作为异常判断标准，统计了北京小网的段差重力异常与地震的对应关系。结果表明：对于测网内发生的４级左右的地震，有异常出现的段差数占总数的１６．９％，对于距测网１００ｋｍ以内发生的５级以上的地震有异常出现的段差数占总数的３７．５％。西北部测环的段差异常出现率比南部和东北部高。     

中强震前形变固体潮汐资料短期信息的提取

分析了各种潮汐观测资料处理方法,针对短期异常提取的要求,提出了适合提取短期异常信息的潮汐资料处理方法,对其计算公式进一步推导和展开。应用这些方法对华北地区和西南地区的重力、倾斜、应变等形变观测量进行了计算。对地震前潮汐因子、时间滞后、响应比等潮汐参数的异常信息进行了提取与分析;突出了震源区附近的短期异常信息,并分析总结其变化特征。     

Joint processing and analysis of seismic gravity measurements in Capital Circle area

In Capital Circle area, there are three groups of repeated gravity measurements observed by different institutes using different instruments or methods. The simultaneous adjustment of absolute and relative measurements and the elimination of systematic error among the relative measurements have been carded out in this paper. Thus an unified temporal gravity change system with absolute reference has been established. On the basis of this, the crustal subsidence effect on gravity, which belongs to non-tectonic factor, is analyzed and the station displacement corrections are carried out, so that the long-wave disturbance is eliminated. So far our following aims are realized： the advantages of the absolute and relative measurement methods are complementary to each other; the contradiction and environment disturbance are eliminated; the amounts of information are enlarged; the sampling interval of time domain is compressed. In a word, the ability of identifying the tectonic activity process is enhanced. The results show that： there are systematic errors between the two groups of relative measurements and within the data of 10 campaigns ; the uneven local crustal subsidence in the southeast of the study area results in a linear rise of gravity value at 10 stations; they can be corrected by the regression analysis. The maps of revised temporal gravity change can obviously and integrally reflect the Ms=5.0 earthquake in Guye on October 6, 1995.     

AN IMPROVED LAND-SURFACE PROCESS MODEL AND ITS SIMULATION EXPERIMENT——PART I:LAND-SURFACE PROCESS MODEL AND ITS“OFF-LINE”TESTS AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSES

Based on the existing land-surface schemes and models,an improved Land-surface ProcessModel(LPM-ZD)has been developed.It has the following major characteristics:(1)Thecombination of physical equations and empirical analytical formulae are used to construct thegoverning equations of soil temperature and moisture.Higher resolution of model level andphysical equations are adopted for the upper soil layers,and for the lower soil layers,lowerresolution of model level is adopted and empirical analytical formulae are used.(2)In land surfacehydrological process,the sub-grid distribution of rainfall and its effects are taken into account.(3)A simple snow cover submodel has been used,which includes effects of snow cover on soilthermodynamics and hydrology,as well as albedo.By use of this model and three groups of point observation data,a series of“off-line”testshave been carried out.The simulation results indicate that land-surface process model has goodperformance and can well simulate diurnal and seasonal variation of land surface processes for manykinds of land surface covers(forest,grass,crops and desert)in different climate zone.The resultssimulated by the model are consistent with the observations.Later,by use of one group ofobservation data and the model,a series of sensitivity experiments have been done.It is shownthat the model is much sensitive to some parameters,such as initial soil moisture,vegetationphysical parameters as well as the proportion of the grid covered with rain.Therefore it is muchimportant for land-surface process model to define these parameters as accurately as possible.     

甘肃北山南带前红泉金矿的发现及其找矿意义

甘肃北山南带是中国西北地区重要的金属矿床富集区，已发现多处韧性剪切带型金矿床或与韧性剪切带有关的金矿床，但近年来该区有关韧性剪切带型金矿的研究和找矿勘查工作陷入沉寂。前红泉金矿是在基础地质调查工作的基础上通过大比例尺化探手段逐步发现的中型金矿床。通过野外勘查和室内综合研究发现，该金矿床产于长城纪古硐井群千糜岩、千枚岩和千枚状板岩中，严格受NWW向韧性剪切带控制，硅化、毒砂化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化是与之关系密切的矿化蚀变。区内金化探异常高值区及相关矿化蚀变可作为该矿床主要的找矿标志。前红泉金矿的发现对北山南带寻找与韧性剪切带有关的金矿具有重要的指导意义，尤其是在勘查方法手段选择、找矿思路及方向上具有一定的借鉴价值。文章提出已有矿床外围、深部及重要化探异常区是下一步找矿突破的重点区域。