陕西唐藏—黄柏塬韧性剪切带研究

通过野外详细地质路线调查，结合各种尺度的构造研究和变形分析，确定了秦岭群南缘及丹凤群内韧性剪切带的存在及其分布范围，提出了该韧性剪切带的几何学和运动学特征及变形机制，估算了韧性剪切带形成时古差应力值，并对该韧性剪切带形成时代及形成模式进行了探讨。     

怀柔三岔的绿色片岩

1956年秋,笔者在河北省北部密云、怀柔一带收集毕业论文资料时,曾在怀柔县北约20公里之河防口村三岔附近发现一种绿色片岩,该片岩出露于花岗岩与石灰岩之间。经野外观察及室内研究,认为原是一种基性火成岩——辉绿岩,经后期花岗闪长岩侵入蚀变——青盘岩化的结果。其形成环境,较比特殊,兹将     

燕山区寒武纪后花岗伟晶岩中稀有元素矿物的发现

中国目前所发现的伟晶岩中的稀有元素矿物(如铌、钽等)的时代,据所见文献,多属前震旦纪。至于寒武纪后,如古生代、中生代所产者,具体资料尚不多见。 1956年秋,作者在燕山区密云、怀柔地区收集毕业论文的资料时,曾在怀柔县北的伟晶岩内     

松花江干流（哈尔滨段）春季最低水位预测方法

利用1949~2003年松花江(哈尔滨段)最低水位资料,分析松花江干流(哈尔滨段)春季最低水位变化规律和典型枯水年成因,分析了其与松花江、嫩江等松花江流域面雨量的相关性,与拉尼娜、厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子等的关系。以松花江、嫩江、第二松花江流域7~11月面雨量总和及前一年松花江干流(哈尔滨段)最高水位为因子,预测2004~2013年松花江干流(哈尔滨段)最低水位。利用方差周期方法、均生函数方法对2004~2013年拉尼娜、厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子及松花江、嫩江、第二松花江流域月面雨量进行预测,并以此预测对2004~2013年松花江干流(哈尔滨段)最低水位进行订正,得出预测结论。     

Multi-Year Simulations and Experimental Seasonal Predictions for Rainy Seasons in China by Using a Nested Regional Climate Model （RegCM_NCC） Part Ⅱ： The Experimental Seasonal Prediction

A nested regional climate model has been experimentally used in the seasonal prediction at the China National Climate Center (NCC) since 2001. The NCC/IAP (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) T63 coupled GCM (CGCM) provides the boundary and initial conditions for driving the regional climate model (RegCM NCC). The latter has a 60-km horizontal resolution and improved physical parameterization schemes including the mass flux cumulus parameterization scheme, the turbulent kinetic energy closure scheme (TKE) and an improved land process model (LPM). The large-scale terrain features such as the Tibetan Plateau are included in the larger domain to produce the topographic forcing on the rain-producing systems. A sensitivity study of the East Asian climate with regard to the above physical processes has been presented in the first part of the present paper. This is the second part, as a continuation of Part I. In order to verify the performance of the nested regional climate model, a ten-year simulation driven by NCEP reanalysis datasets has been made to explore the performance of the East Asian climate simulation and to identify the model’s systematic errors. At the same time, comparative simulation experiments for 5 years between the RegCM2 and RegCM NCC have been done to further understand their differences in simulation performance. Also, a ten-year hindcast (1991–2000) for summer (June–August), the rainy season in China, has been undertaken. The preliminary results have shown that the RegCM NCC is capable of predicting the major seasonal rain belts. The best predicted regions with high anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) are located in the eastern part of West China, in Northeast China and in North China, where the CGCM has maximum prediction skill as well. This fact may reflect the importance of the largescale forcing. One significant improvement of the prediction derived from RegCM NCC is the increase of ACC in the Yangtze River valley where the CGCM has a very low, even a negative, ACC. The reason behind this improvement is likely to be related to the more realistic representation of the large-scale terrain features of the Tibetan Plateau. Presumably, many rain-producing systems may be generated over or near the Tibetan Plateau and may then move eastward along the Yangtze River basin steered by upper-level westerly airflow, thus leading to enhancement of rainfalls in the mid and lower basins of the Yangtze River. The real-time experimental predictions for summer in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 by using this nested RegCM NCC were made. The results are basically reasonable compared with the observations.     

2006-05-21冰雹天气雷达回波及成因分析

利用渭南711雷达资料、西安多普勒雷达产品资料、高空和地面观测资料对渭南2006-05-21冰雹天气的雷达回波和天气成因进行了分析。分析得出:西北气流冷平流是主要影响系统,过程前的增温、增湿及上干冷下暖湿的温湿配置,垂直风切变及高空强冷平流为冰雹天气的发生提供了有利的环境条件。0oC层高度低,云中负温区深厚,是此次冰雹天气过程云顶高度和强中心高度不高,但仍造成地面降雹及回波顶高度(h)与45dBz顶高(h45)差值(h-h45)小的主要原因。

     

太阳高度角和日出日落时刻太阳方位角一年变化范围的计算

介绍了太阳位置的确定方法，并通过计算给出了全省气象观测台站的日出、日落方向的太阳方位角变化结果以及每个台站一年中正午时刻太阳高度角变化范围。     

洛阳地区雷暴活动规律和雷灾分析

利用洛阳市及9县10个观测站1966-2005年的雷暴观测资料,统计分析了洛阳地区雷暴活动时空分布特征,结果显示:洛阳地区雷暴时空分布很不均匀,栾川、嵩县、孟津偏多,宜阳、新安、汝阳偏少,南北多中部少;20世纪60年代中期到70年代雷暴日数偏多,80年代至今雷暴日数偏少,但从80年代开始,洛阳地区雷暴日数有缓慢上升的趋势,年际变化幅度大,季节性特点非常明显,集中出现在4-9月,而夏季雷暴日数接近全年的80%。洛阳地区雷击人员伤亡事件主要发生在农村,造成的财产损失主要在市区,近年来雷击次数及所造成的损失呈上升趋势。     

北京市朝阳区沙子营垃圾污染物在潜水含水层中迁移规律的现场模拟实验

选择北京平原区水文地质、环境地质等方面都比较典型的沙子营垃圾堆放场,建立了其水文地质模型。在充分收集资料、分析得出部分计算所需参数后,采用现场弥散实验、勘查取样测试等方法,求得了该含水层的弥散系数等参数;用二维非稳定流溶质运移方程对污染物在此含水层中的迁移扩散规律、速度和污染范围等进行了模拟计算;采用现场钻探、取样测试分析等方法,评价了该含水层的实际污染状况。实验模拟计算和现场调查结果表明:污染物在潜水含水层中的运移规律遵循二维非稳定流场中的溶质运移方程,污染物在潜水含水层中的运移速度约为86.25m/a,迁移扩散主要发生在地下水流向上,侧向扩散宽度极小,是地下水流向上的1/17。     

渭南市冰雹时空分布及天气条件分析

利用1976—2005年30a渭南市的冰雹资料及1996—2005年5—9月历史天气图资料,统计分析渭南市冰雹天气的时空分布、环流形势及单站物理量指标。总结出渭南市冰雹以4—9月最多,其中5—8月为高峰期,主要集中在北部、西北及东北部;降雹天气形势主要有西北气流型、低涡型和低槽型,以西北气流天气形势下冰雹天气发生的概率最大;降雹区的大气层结呈明显的对流不稳定,K指数及S指数对降雹天气的预报有很好的预示作用。