The Diagenesis of Plant Lipids during the Formation of the Krepoljin Coal Basin (Serbia) — Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Saturated Biomarkers

The composition of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction of soluble organic matter (bitumen) from the Krepoljin brown coal basin (East Serbia) of Miocene age was investigated. The Krepoljin basin is especially interesting from a geochemical point of view. Namely, by the end of Tertiary Period, the basin was covered by powerful Mesozoic formations of great possibilities, the bedding became hermetically enclosed and protected from subsequent external influences. The nature of early diagenetic processes in the environment with abundant accumulation of organic substance is defined by the molecular content of bitumen through the connections of molecular structures to potential precursors in paleoplant phylla, as well as by the degree of their diagenetic transformations. The hierarchy of parameters based on molecules of saturated hydrocarbons was determined by applying the principal component analysis to the soluble organic matter. The most significant, most “loadings” values of component C1, are the plant types such as precursors or participants in early diagenetic transformations of steranes Cs27-algal precursor material, Cs28-moulds, Cs29-higher land and water plants; resinous from the group of higher plant gymnosperms (G); also triterpanes α and β-amirin-dicotyledonous angiosperms (A) and bacterial and/or terrestrial plants population represented by hopanes/moretanes; as well as the parameters which describe the degree of diagenetic/maturation transformation of precursor biomass, and based on next reactions: (1) shifting of methyl group, influenced by the inorganic sediment constitutents, sterane-rearranged steranes, (2) isomerization in the ring system, ααα→βββ C29 sterane as well as (3) isomerization on chiral center of the side chain sequence R→S C29 sterane S/(S+R). Additionally, a pyrite-derived inhibitory effect on the rearrangment of C29 steranes must be taken into account, but not on triterpanes reaction. Non-appearance of statistically important correlations, before all with maturational depended parameters, and after all also with source indicators contributies to the affirmation of the newly-suggested parameter α-Phyllocladane/S27 as the real source biomarker of coal. Indicators derived from the distribution and abundance of n-alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes are of less significance in hierarchy of parameters.     

新疆巴楚气象因子对棉花发育期及产量的影响分析

利用巴楚国家基本气候站1961—2013年53 a的气温、降水量等资料,结合1981—2013年的棉花发育期、单位面积产量,采用线性倾向估计计算、检验方法、气候趋势系数和气候倾向率方法,对1961年以来巴楚气候变化特征、1981年以来棉花发育期、产量进行分析,探讨了巴楚近期气候变化对棉花生产的影响。结果表明:近53 a来,巴楚年和各季平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温总体呈线性上升趋势,其中年平均最低气温的升温率最明显;各季节中春、秋季平均最低气温的升温率最大;年、各季节降水量呈明显的增多趋势,季节中夏季降水量的增幅最大,为3.25 mm/10 a;初霜日的变化呈推后趋势(1.2 d/10 a)、而终霜日呈提前趋势(-2.4d/10 a),使无霜期明显延长(1.1 d/10 a)。近33 a来,巴楚县棉花各发育期均表现出不同程度的提前趋势,其中现蕾期的提前趋势最明显,为4.8 d/10 a(P0.01);棉花停止生长期呈延迟趋势,延迟幅度为3.7 d/10 a(P0.01)。初、终霜冻日、无霜期与棉花产量总体呈正相关,初霜日推后、终霜日提前、无霜期延长,棉花产量增多。     

Effect of weather conditions on the incidence of Lophodermium yellow needle blight in the dwarf mountain pine in the Karkonosze and Izerskie Mountains (Poland)

The study aimed to determine, by using a statistical model, the effect of weather conditions on the incidence of Lophodermium yellow needle blight causing by new species for science- Lophodermium corconticum, in the mountain dwarf pine growing in the subalpine Karkonosze Mountains and the Izerskie Mountains(Poland). Needles showed symptoms of yellow spots, gradual discolouration and premature fall in July. The assessment of healthiness of infected mountain dwarf pine needles spanned three years(2011- 2013) and was conducted in several test sites in the Karkonosze and Izerskie Mountains. The results were analyzed by taking into account the meteorological conditions. Field observations seem to indicate that the highest infestation of mountain dwarf pine occurs in June and July, while September and October see a significantly lower disease index in the Karkonosze Mountains. The lower indices of the infestation of mountain dwarf pine are characteristic for the vegetation in the Hala Izerska high mountain pasture; whereas the environmental conditions prevailing in the Kocio? Ma?ego Stawu cirque and above the Samotnia hostel are conducive to the development of Lophodermium yellow needle blight.     

Refining the Stratigraphy of the Taghdout Group by Using the U-Pb Geochronology of the Taghdout Sill(Zenaga inlier,Anti-Atlas,Morocco)

正The Anti-Atlas belt of southern Morocco is situated on the northern edge of the West African craton(WAC).It corresponds to a broad anticlinorium some 800 km long and 200 km wide,trending ENE-WSW,parallel to the     

Proterozoic Dyke Swarms of the Siberian Craton and Their Geodynamic Implications

正We present a summary of late Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the Siberian craton which allows us distinguish following main pulses of mafic dyke emplacement:1)1860–1850 Ma mafic dykes are localized within the     

Neoarchaean-Palaeoproterozoic Mafic Dyke Swarms from the Singhbhum Granite Complex,Singhbhum Craton,Eastern India: Implications for Identification of Large Igneous Provinces and Their Possible Continuation on Other Formerly Adjacent Crustal Blocks

正The Singhbhum craton of the eastern India consists of the Singhbhum Granite Complex(SGC)and the Chotanagpur Gneissic Complex(CGC)separated by the Singhbhum Mobile Belt(SMB).The CGC is intruded by Mesoproterozoic as well as Cretaceous mafic dykes;in     

Geochronology of Mafic Intrusions

正Baddeleyite(ZrO_2)is today recognized as a key mineral for dating the emplacement of mantle-derived rocks such as gabbros,alkaline(Si-poor)rocks and dolerite dykes and sills,but also in hydrothermally-driven deposits(Heaman     

Tourmaline Composition of the K??lada? Au Deposit, U?ak, Turkey

Please refer to the attachment(s) for more details     

古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季大气边界层高度对地表积雪的响应

古尔班通古特沙漠是中国唯一冬季存在长期积雪的沙漠,在此特殊地理环境下,沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深和边界层高度的时空变化特征和相互关系尚未明确。本文利用1980—2019年SMMR（Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer）、SSM/I（Special Sensor Microwave/Imager）、SSMI/S（Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder）被动微波遥感雪深数据、古尔班通古特沙漠腹地雪深观测数据和ERA5再分析资料（the Fifth Generation ECMWF Reanalysis）边界层高度数据,分析了沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深和边界层高度的时空变化特征与相互关系。结果表明：古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季雪深年均值为8.45 cm,整体呈现东北部和南部积雪较深,其他区域积雪较浅并呈现出由沙漠中心区域向四周逐渐减少的特点,雪深在古尔班通古特沙漠及其东北、南边的邻近区域呈升高趋势,剩余地区呈下降趋势。古尔班通古特沙漠及周边区域冬季边界层高度年均值为105.54 m,呈现东南部和西北部高,中心沙漠区域、东北部、西南部较低的特点,边界层高度在沙漠及周边区域升高而其他区域降低。古尔班通古特沙漠的冬季雪深和大气边界层高度时空变化整体呈负相关,其中93.17%以上的沙漠区域呈负相关,平均相关系数为-0.32,最大相关系数绝对值为-0.58,空间相关系数为-0.42（P<0.05）。     

人工绿地与自然沙地蒸散的计算与变异研究

利用中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地2014—2015年自然沙地与人工绿地加密观测试验时次数据,采用GB/T 20481-2006气象干旱等级的蒸散算法,详细计算自然沙地、人工绿地以时次为单位的蒸散值。计算过程中采用多种参数算法,增加了观测数据的利用率,提高了计算精度,并尝试通过影响因子的变量赋值研究,量化蒸散的计算增减。结果表明:（1）自然沙地与人工绿地蒸散计算值都较好地刻画出了蒸散的年内变化,自然沙地计算值量级更贴近实际观测值,这与蒸散计算方法适用性有关。（2）人工绿地蒸散计算值在植被生长季与观测值的差值较大,自然沙地与观测值的差值较小;冷季人工绿地蒸散计算值与观测值接近,自然沙地计算值与观测值的差相对较大。（3）饱和水汽压与实际水汽压之差、2 m平均气温、2 m平均风速、饱和水汽压的斜率是计算蒸散的主要影响因子,其中饱和水汽压与实际水汽压之差和2 m平均风速随着赋值递增,蒸散差值时次百分比与年累计差值呈线性增长。2 m平均气温随着赋值递增,蒸散差值时次百分比与年累计差值表现比较稳定,饱和水汽压的斜率随着赋值递增,蒸散差值时次百分比与年累计差值略有递减。因此,GB/T 20481-2006气象干旱等级的蒸散算法在塔克拉玛干沙漠的适用性较好,人工绿地比自然沙地计算精度更高。