Analytical investigations of seismic responses for reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to strong near-fault ground motion

Strong near-fault ground motion, usually caused by the fault-rupture and characterized by a pulse-like velocity- wave form, often causes dramatic instantaneous seismic energy (Jadhav and Jangid 2006). Some reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns, even those built according to ductile design principles, were damaged in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. Thus, it is very important to evaluate the seismic response of a RC bridge column to improve its seismic design and prevent future damage. Nonlinear time history analysis using step-by-step integration is capable of tracing the dynamic response of a structure during the entire vibration period and is able to accommodate the pulsing wave form. However, the accuracy of the numerical results is very sensitive to the modeling of the nonlinear load-deformation relationship of the structural member. FEMA 273 and ATC-40 provide the modeling parameters for structural nonlinear analyses of RC beams and RC columns. They use three parameters to define the plastic rotation angles and a residual strength ratio to describe the nonlinear load- deformation relationship of an RC member. Structural nonlinear analyses are performed based on these parameters. This method provides a convenient way to obtain the nonlinear seismic responses of RC structures. However, the accuracy of the numerical solutions might be further improved. For this purpose, results from a previous study on modeling of the static pushover analyses for RC bridge columns (Sung et al. 2005) is adopted for the nonlinear time history analysis presented herein to evaluate the structural responses excited by a near-fault ground motion. To ensure the reliability of this approach, the numerical results were compared to experimental results. The results confirm that the proposed approach is valid.     

地震仪自控标定脉冲发生器

本文介绍了一种自控标定脉冲发生器的优点,即可以按照预置时间,同时实现多台地震仪的标定脉冲监视,进而取代目前模拟地震记录人工脉冲信号监视工作状态的常规工作。其标定时间统一、输入脉冲信号稳定。     

湖北地区历史有感地震震级测定方法的探讨

1.引言中国地震记载虽有数千年的历史,但无烈度和震级量度,仅有文字的直观叙述,如何根据历史记录资料来确定震级,以便进而研究地震分布及其活动规律,这是十分必要的基础工作。     

地壳岩石在地幔深度内的变质作用:变泥质岩石中的高压矿物和矿物组合

变质相的范围,经典的概念是在大陆莫霍面的深度内,其压力在10～12kb,并可延至30kb。即使是明显的地壳来源的岩石,例如,泥质变质岩。根据新近发现的阿尔卑斯和地中海地区的高压变泥质岩和MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-H_2O、K_2O-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-H_2O系的高压实验研究,提出了一种新的观点:即地质变质作用新领域内特别重要的指示矿物是Mg—Fe纤锰柱石(Carpholite)、富Mg硬绿泥石(Mg—chloritoid)、镁铝榴石、柯石英、多硅白云母和ellenbergrite;主要的矿物组合是滑石+蓝晶石,滑石+硬绿泥石,滑石+镁铁榴石,滑石+多硅白云母,硬玉+石英,和硬玉+蓝晶石。由于在西部阿尔卑斯的Dofa Maira地块惊奇的出现了镁铝榴石—柯石英岩石,这对新概念的形成起了主要作用。它相当于白片岩(滑石—蓝晶石岩石)是极高压的岩石。它反映了陆壳板块的俯冲作用深度至少为90km。这种岩石遭受了蓝片岩相的退化变质作用,蓝闪石交代了镁铝榴石。在大陆与大陆碰撞期间,假如俯冲角度很大,那么陆壳的俯冲深度可以非常深。然而,利用地球动力学的原理仍不能较好的解释这种岩石返回到地表的机制。尤其重要的是早期造山阶段,碰撞带内达到地热平衡之前地壳俯冲的岩石就返回到较浅部位,以及当构造运移期间与冷却有关而发生减压时,非常高压的矿物能保留下来是可能的。如果不是这种情况,偶然上升到陆壳较浅部位,将导致高压岩石麻粒岩相和角闪岩相的矿物重新达到平衡,详细的显微电子探针工作是必要的。它可以探测正常的高级变质岩中高压条件的信息。     

迅速发展中的计算渗流力学

现代高速电子数字计算机的出现,引起了科学研究内容的深刘变化,促使许多传统学科向计算学科发展。于是像计算物理,计算化学以及计算力学等一批新兴计算学科应运而生。 一般来讲,其复杂初、边值条件下难以求得微(积)分方程的解析解。特别是当方程是非线性的时候更是如此。因此通过电子计算机用数值计算的方法进行微(积)分