GPS定位技术运用在地质环境监测方面的工作方法

结合大港测区GPS测量,阐述了GPS技术在监测点位置测量中应注意的一些问题及采取的措施。     

初论西藏冈底斯带中段尼木西北部班岩铜矿地质特征

西藏冈底斯带尼木西北部具有斑岩型铜矿产出的有利地质条件，已有厅宫，冲江，白容，岗讲，渡布曲等铜矿床（点），可望形成大型－超大型班岩铜矿集中区，其资源量远景可达400－600万t以上，在分析地背景的基础上，总结了矿床的地质特征，并与国内外斑岩铜矿进行了对比，建立了本区铜矿的综合遥感地质找矿模型。     

The Spatial Characteristics of a Line and Their Application to Line Simplification

This paper discusses the spatial knowledge related to a line,and the characteristic points of lines is detected.According to the requirements of line generalization,new algorithms for identifying characteristic line points are presented.These characteristic points are used to improve the algorithms of line generalization.An algorithm for identifying bends is shown.In this paper,improved algorithms based on those by Douglas-Peucker,Visvalingam and Whyatt are shown.In this test,the progressive process of line generalization is emphasized.     

羧甲基壳聚糖对肿瘤生长的影响研究

研究评价了不同分子量及不同取代度的3种羧甲基壳聚糖(CM-CTS)对肿瘤生长的影响。用MTT比色法测定3种CM-CTS对人正常肝细胞L02及3株肿瘤细胞:Bel-7402、SGC-7901及Hela生长的影响;ELISA方法检测3种CM-CTS对2种肝细胞L02及Bel-7402分泌TGF-α及VEGF水平的影响;建立小鼠移植性肿瘤Heps模型,腹腔注射分子量最大的CM-Ⅰ,研究CM-CTS的抑瘤作用。研究结果表明,分子量及取代度不同的3种CM-CTS在0.05~0.8 mg/mL浓度范围内,对L02细胞增殖具有显著促进作用,对Bel-7402、SGC-7901及Hela细胞的增殖则具有一定的抑制作用;3种CM-CTS能提高L02细胞TGF-α分泌水平,抑制Bel-7402细胞分泌TGF-α及VEGF水平;在动物水平上,CM-CTS能抑制小鼠Heps肿瘤生长,且量效关系显著。说明不同分子量及取代度的3种羧甲基壳聚糖对肿瘤生长具一定的抑制作用。     

热通量和风应力影响北太平洋SST年际和年代际变率的数值模拟

利用一个大洋环流模式LICOM, 通过1958～2001年风应力 (ERA40) 和热通量驱动下的两组模拟试验, 检验了二者在北太平洋年际和年代际变率形成中的作用。结果表明, 尽管在年际尺度上热带太平洋变率主要受风应力影响, 但合理考虑热通量异常的强迫作用能够显著改进模式对El Niño的模拟效果, 包括对El Niño周期非规则性的成功模拟; 北太平洋SST的年际和年代际异常主要受热通量异常的影响, 合理考虑热通量强迫的年代际变化能够改善模式对北太平洋年代际变率的模拟效果。在北太平洋海盆的不同区域, 导致SST变率异常的因子不同: 在加利福尼亚沿岸, 冬季平均海温的变率异常主要由热通量的异常决定; 在北太平洋中部, 温度趋势异常主要受热通量和水平平流的作用影响; 在黑潮及其延伸体区域, 对温度趋势异常起主导作用的是热通量和海洋非线性作用, 与此同时, 水平平流和扩散的作用亦不容忽视。     

A Modeling Study of the Effects of Anomalous Snow Cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian Summer Monsoon

The effect of anomalous snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian summer monsoon is investigated by numerical simulations using the NCAR regional climate model (RegCM2) into which gravity wave drag has been introduced. The simulations adopt relatively realistic snow mass forcings based on Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SNINIR) pentad snow depth data. The physical mechanism and spatial structure of the sensitivity of the South Asian early summer monsoon to snow cover anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau are revealed. The main results are summarized as follows. The heavier than normal snow cover over the Plateau can obviously reduce the shortwave radiation absorbed by surface through the albedo effect, which is compensated by weaker upward sensible heat flux associated with colder surface temperature, whereas the effects of snow melting and evaporation are relatively smaller.The anomalies of surface heat fluxes can last until June and become unobvious in July. The decrease of the Plateau surface temperature caused by heavier snow cover reaches its maximum value from late April to early May. The atmospheric cooling in the mid-upper troposphere over the Plateau and its surrounding areas is most obvious in May and can keep a fairly strong intensity in June. In contrast, there is warming to the south of the Plateau in the mid-lower troposphere from April to June with a maximum value in May.The heavier snow cover over the Plateau can reduce the intensity of the South Asian summer monsoon and rainfall to some extent, but this influence is only obvious in early summer and almost disappears in later stages.     

印度洋偶极子与热带太平洋海洋表面温度异常多时间尺度相互作用初析

本文利用交叉谱方法, 将印度洋偶极子 (简称IOD) 与ENSO的相关关系分解到不同的时间尺度上来分析, 进而通过对海气耦合过程的初步分析, 讨论了不同时间尺度上IOD与ENSO的相互作用。结果表明, IOD与ENSO在准1～2年、 准3年、 准4年等三个时间尺度上存在显著相关, 同时, IOD还存在一个独立于ENSO的模态, 主要表现在准8个月时间尺度上。从海气相互作用的角度看, 在与ENSO相关的三个特征时间尺度上, IOD年际变率主要通过引发热带印度洋纬向风异常并且东传到太平洋, 从而引起热带中东太平洋海温的年际变率。与ENSO相对独立的IOD模态则没有类似的纬向风异常东传过程。此外, 在上述四个不同时间尺度上, 产生IOD变率的印度洋海气耦合过程不尽相同, 各具特点。     

地理空间元数据和基于网络的数据分发技术

首先介绍了元数据、地理空间元数据的概念，探讨了在互联网时代研究地理空间元数据的迫切性和必要性；其次，论述了构建基于网络的数据分发方案的可行性，并就其中的关键技术实现做了深入的探讨；最后，提出了一个以地理空间元数据标准为依据，以Internet为依托的数据分发站点的整体设计方案以及实现这项技术还应考虑的问题。     

青海高原无测站地区热量资源的推算方法——以循化县高志花椒示范种植园为例

本文以循化县高志花椒示范种植园为例，介绍了青海省无测站地区热量资源的推算方法及实际应用。其中，月平均气温、日平均气温稳定通过0℃的初、终间日数及积温的推算方法，可作为本省热量资源分析细网格化的基本技术，为第三次气候资源分析及区划提供具有较高估算精度的数学模型。     

A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA

In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.