海豚妈妈真不易

萨拉索塔地区的宽吻海豚5岁左右便进入青春期,再过几年便进入热恋期。雄海豚一旦性成熟,便主动伸出橄榄枝,迫不及待地游入雌海豚活动的领域,谈情说爱。但海豚只能作一日的夫妻,热恋时间短得出奇,往往在交配之后,“丈夫”便负心离去,另觅新欢。杜菲尔德的遗传基因结果表明,有时一个海豚母亲所生的子女,可以同时有几位“海豚爸爸”。每到5～7月,气候温暖,海豚妈妈们便寻找适合的“产房”——大海中敌害少的隐蔽处,经过长达一年的怀孕期之后便分娩了。海豚的分娩同包括人类在内的所有胎生者一样,通常要持续几个小时的痛苦过程,她们完全依靠自己的力量和技巧,使胎儿顺利降生。生物学家温尔斯曾详细观察了一头名叫“温德”的雌海豚每一次做母亲的曲折分娩历     

多参数航空地球物理研究的计算机化技术

本文论述了俄联邦近来随着程控航空地球物理测量系统的研制成功和仪器组成的扩大和质量的提高，为了保证充分开发航空测量方法和仪器的潜力，提高航空地球物理测量的地质效果和经济效益而建立的较新的航空测量技术，并着重阐述了这种技术的最重要的要素，即在高效率现代个人计算机的基础上建立的全套自动计算机设备。使用这套设备能使地球物理研究的全过程完全自动化，完成多参数航测数据的加工处理和解释。采用这种新技术能使应用过     

鹅颈藤壶多糖提取、理化性质及N-糖链表达谱分析研究

本文以南海海域鹅颈藤壶(Lepas anatifera)为原料,提取鹅颈藤壶背甲与肌肉质柄中的多糖,基于其基本理化性质的分析,比较不同生长时期鹅颈藤壶N-糖链表达谱的差异性。经过脱脂、碱水解/蛋白酶解、乙醇沉淀方法提取得到粗多糖;利用高效液相色谱法、高效凝胶渗透色谱法、苯酚-硫酸法、考马斯亮蓝法对其单糖组成、分子量分布、总糖含量及蛋白质含量进行分析;采用液质分析(PGC-ESI-MS/MS)方法对鹅颈藤壶成体(A-GB)与幼体(L-GB)肌肉质柄中N-糖链进行分析并比较。表明肌肉质柄中多糖分子量为18.40 kDa;总糖含量为11.99%,蛋白质含量60.14%,富含甘露糖、葡萄糖、氨基半乳糖,其中甘露糖的含量高达80%以上。在鹅颈藤壶成体与幼体中均鉴定得到26条N-糖链,成体中高甘露糖型N-糖链占总糖链的20.81%,且相对丰度较高的糖型组成为F₁H₃N₂(39.06%)、F₁H₃N₃(24.44%)、H₃N₃...     

Information geography: The information revolution reshapes geography

The information revolution has been one of the driving forces to the innovation in geography. However, environmental remote sensing, geographic information science and technology, and geocomputing, which once resided within the family of geography, are gradually moving close to information science but are alienated from geography. Therefore, it is necessary to reexamine the interactive convergence of geography and information science, and advance the disciplinary system of geographic science to accommodate the researches with information as subjects and methods. In this paper, we propose to reformulate the relationship between geographic science and information science with a new discipline, i.e., information geography, which not only refers to the geography of information but also a methodological system for studying geography using information science.This paper summarizes the background of information geography’s emergence, its definition, and the difference and similarities with other disciplinary concepts. The impact of information geography on geographic paradigm shift is also investigated from the ontological, epistemological, and methodological perspectives.     

Relationship between the Extent of Igneous Rocks and Deep Structures as Determined by Gravitational and Magnetic Data in the South China Sea

The distribution of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and adjacent areas is closely related to the structural pattern that helped to define the controlling effect of deep processes on oil-bearing basins.Igneous rocks can record important information from deep processes.Deep structures such as faults,basin uplift and depression,Cenozoic basement and magnetic basement are all the results of energy exchange within the earth.The study of the relationship between igneous rocks and deep structures is of great significance for the study of the South China Sea.By using the minimum curvature potential field separation technique and the correlation analysis technique of gravitational and magnetic anomalies,the fusion of gravitational and magnetic data reflecting igneous rocks can be obtained,through which the igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density can be identified.In this study area,igneous rocks do not develop in the Yinggehai basin,Qiongdongnan basin,Zengmu basin and Brunei-Sabah basin whilst igneous rocks with high susceptibility/high density or high susceptibility/low density are widely-developed in other basins.In undeveloped igneous areas,faults are also undeveloped the Cenozoic thickness is greater,the magnetic basement depth is greater and the Cenozoic thickness is highly positively correlated with the magnetic basement depth.In igneously developed regions,the distribution pattern of the Qiongtai block is mainly controlled by primary faults,while the distribution of the Zhongxisha block,Xunta block and Yongshu-Taiping block is mainly controlled by secondary faults,the Cenozoic thickness having a low correlation with the depth of the magnetic basement.     

高速铁路路基过渡段沉降预测研究及方法优化

利用现场监测数据对双曲线法、三点法、指数曲线法和Asaoka法等常规曲线拟合方法进行不同时间计算单位的拟合分析,综合考虑相关系数、误差平方和以及最终沉降量等,研究每种方法的适用性。将其中的Asaoka法、三点法、指数法结合二次自适应最小二乘迭代思想进行优化改进。研究表明:在高速铁路路隧和路桥过渡段沉降预测分析中几种方法都具有较好的适用性;优化改进后的方法相关系数高,预测误差小,最终沉降量预测值波动小;无论短期监测数据还是长期监测数据,以月为周期进行预测分析优于按天预测的结果。