Tidal currents in the coastal waters east of Hainan Island in winter

Using the 25-h continuing hydrographic observations at three successive stations in February 2012 and the mooring time series of current observations from January to March 2015, the tidal currents and tidal energy fluxes in the coastal waters east of Hainan Island in the northwestern South China Sea were analyzed. The diurnal and semidiurnal(using K 1 and M 2 as proxies, respectively) tidal currents and associated isopycnal undulations were derived with harmonic analysis. Results show that the v...     

Tidal water exchanges can shape the phytoplankton community structure and reduce the risk of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a semi-closed lake

For estuaries,inland lakes play a vital role in the ecological balance under the impact of tide s.The effect of tides-induced water exchange on phytoplankton community in a semi-closed lake was studied and compared with that of an adjacent closed lake in the Oujiang River mouth in Zhejiang,East China Sea,from June 29,2020 to June 14,2021.Results show that the dominant species,abundance,dominance,and diversity of the phytoplankton species between the two lakes were significantly different.In the ...     

Community structure of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in algae-and macrophyte-dominated areas in Taihu Lake,China

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB) repre sent a major group of bacterioplankton assemblages in many water systems and some are assumed to be closely associated with phytoplankton.However,studies on relationships between AAPB and cyanobacterial blooms are in scarcity.The dynamics of the abundance and diversity of AAPB was compared based on pufM gene in Meiliang Bay(featured by cyanobacterial blooms) and East Bay(featured by macrophyte) of Taihu Lake,a shallow subtropical lake in the E...     

1999年欧洲圣诞节风暴数值模拟分析

对1999年圣诞期间发生在欧洲中西部的圣诞节风暴进行了分析,认为4个主要的低气压系统中的第二个给法国北部带来了强风暴雨,巴黎的Orly机场阵风速度〉47m／s;第四个低压系统沿法国西海岸产生相似的恶劣天气,并在西班牙的北部海岸及地中海沿岸国家造成了毁灭性的破坏。在法国中部风暴最剧烈的时候,最大阵风〉41m／s;在法国和德国之间的区域,达55m／s。圣诞节风暴造成欧洲国家大约140人死亡,其他损失包括树木、街道和房屋被毁,电力系统和电话中断时间长达数天,受影响的人数大约为1000万,财产损失大约为80亿美元。由于风暴的极端强度和快速发展速度,欧洲大多数国家的数值预报中心没有对这次剧烈天气提供足够的预警。为此,利用中尺度数值预报系统（RAMS）模拟圣诞节风暴,并与ECMWF分析资料以及实况观测资料进行了对比分析。结果表明,RAMS模式能够准确模拟风暴的主要特性、低气压的演变和位置移动、发展的关键时间点、风暴演化期间的平均风场;模拟的平均风场和气象观测网的观测结果相一致;模拟的风暴移动时间和主要新闻媒体的报道相吻合;模式计算的一些特定地区平均风速的时间趋势显示,在阿尔卑斯山脉地区,无论是上风区还是下风区,风暴的时间都被准确地预测;模拟的第一次风暴最低气压值较实际值偏低。     

Machine Learning-based Weather Support for the 2022 Winter Olympics

<正>1.A key support for the 2022 Winter Olympics The XXIV Olympic Winter Games are scheduled to take place from 4 to 22 February 2022, followed by the Paralympic Games from 4 to 13 March, in Beijing and towns in the neighboring Hebei Province, China. Weather plays an extremely important role in the outcome of the games (Chen et al., 2018). It can not only cause a difference between a medal or not, but affect the safety of athletes. Success of the Winter Olympics will greatly depend on weath...     

Responses of Alpine Wetlands to Climate Changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Based on Remote Sensing

The alpine wetlands in QTP(Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau) have been profoundly impacted along with global climate changes. We employ satellite datasets and climate data to explore the relationships between alpine wetlands and climate changes based on remote sensing data. Results show that: 1) the wetland NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and GPP(Gross Primary Production) were more sensitive to air temperature than to precipitation rate. The wetland ET(evapotranspiration) across alpine wetla...     

石棉纤维粉煤灰水泥加固软土试验研究

为研究石棉纤维加固软土的效果和机理,改善水泥土的脆性破坏特点,提出将石棉纤维的物理加筋作用与水泥、粉煤灰的化学加固作用相结合,通过对不同纤维掺量(0%~9%)的石棉纤维粉煤水泥复合土进行直剪试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂试验、扫描电镜试验,进而对石棉纤维加筋水泥土的强度性质和影响机理进行探讨。研究表明,石棉纤维配合水泥与粉煤灰能显著提高软土的强度和稳定性,改善水泥土的破坏形式。水泥粉煤灰配比一定时,石棉纤维增强水泥复合土各强度指标值存在最优掺量,纤维添加量在3%~6%之间,石棉纤维的加筋效果在水泥土中能得到很好的发挥,超过最优掺量则会降低复合土的强度值。     

基于高性能稀疏采集的低频恢复技术在胜利东风港探区的应用

地震勘探中,地震波低频成分越来越受到重视, 而常规检波器记录中的低频有效成分难以被充分识别利用。基于检波器性能分析,通过布设低频检波器估计陆用压电检波器可恢复的最低有效频率并实现低频恢复;在此基础上,设计胜利东风港探区高性能低频检波器稀疏布设方案以及低频数据恢复流程。实际数据表明：对于胜利探区三维勘探,陆用压电检波器最低有效频率能够恢复至3 Hz,成像后的叠加剖面的精度和分辨率有显著提高。     

南海北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷中南部古近系储层特征与控制因素——以区域探井Y井为例

北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷中南部Y井井壁取心分析、岩屑样品的薄片鉴定结果及地球物理测井综合评价表明,其钻遇的不同层位层段的储层类型主要以含泥质较高的砂岩、粉砂岩及泥质粉砂岩为主,少量砾岩,多属于近—中物源快速沉积充填、储集物性偏差的储集层类型,且成岩程度偏低(处在早成岩A或B期或中成岩A期),总体上属于岩性较细、泥质含量偏高、孔渗参数偏低的中孔中渗和低孔低渗及低孔特低渗型砂岩储层类型。其中,钻遇的渐新统涠洲组砂岩储层总体上偏细且泥质含量较高,砂岩有效孔隙度和渗透率偏低,属于储集物性较差储层;始新统流沙港组二段砂岩属于差—较好储层,储层孔隙类型以粒间孔为主,其次为粒间溶孔,还发育有少量或微量长石溶孔和粒内溶孔,具有一定的孔渗性;古新统长流组砂岩孔隙类型以粒间孔、粒间溶孔为主,发育少量长石溶孔及粒内溶孔,储层致密储集物性偏差。总之,本区储层发育主要受控于碎屑物物源供给远近与沉积相及成岩作用,但总体上储层成岩程度较低,加之溶蚀作用及胶结作用普遍,故严重影响了储层储集物性。     

深度神经网络拾取地震P和S波到时

从地震波形数据中快速准确地提取各个震相的到时是地震学中的基础问题.本文针对上述问题提出了利用深度神经网络拾取到时的新方法,建立了用于地震到时提取的17层Inception深度网络模型,在对原始三分量数据进行高通滤波和归一化处理后输入网络直接输出到时信息.整个过程基于神经网络自适应提取波形特征,自动输出结果.通过对100组加了不同强度的噪声数据进行了可靠性检验,相比于其他方法神经网络方法对于噪声具有较高的容忍度以及稳定性,并且与地震目录数据有较高的相似性.相比于AR-AIC+STA/LTA,深度神经网络虽然运算速度稍慢,但整个过程不需设定时窗与阈值,同时具有更高的可用性,并且可以迭代升级以提高精度.此方法作为人工智能方法,为波形到时拾取提供了新思路.