An improved ionosphere interpolation algorithm for network RTK in low-latitude regions

A traditional interpolation algorithm with the linear interpolation method (LIM) using a fixed number of reference stations is widely used in network RTK to obtain the ionospheric delays for the users. In low-latitude regions, where the ionosphere is relatively active, however, large interpolation errors exist, especially for satellites at low elevation angles. Considering the characteristics of “coinciding ionospheric pierce points (CIPPs)” with a similar nature of ionospheric delays, an improved interpolation algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, all stations with CIPPs are used to establish the interpolation model; thus, more precise interpolation model is achieved. To validate the performance of the proposed algorithm, data from some reference stations in Guangdong Province of China were used, and the results are compared with those with the traditional interpolation algorithm. Numerical analysis shows that the interpolation accuracy of the proposed algorithm increases by 10–30% compared with the traditional one. Since the number of reference stations is flexible, the proposed algorithm can also balance the model accuracy with the computation burdens. In addition, the proposed algorithm is less affected by the selection of master reference station. In terms of network RTK on-the-fly positioning, the time-to-first-fix is reduced when replacing the traditional interpolation algorithm with the proposed one.     

The nonlinear time lag multivariable grey prediction model based on interval grey numbers and its application

Natural Hazards - The linear relationship of the original grey prediction model is too single, and the original grey prediction model does not consider the time delay of the effect of the current...     

基于孔压静力触探的岩土参数正态性检验方法对比

岩土参数的正态分布是岩土工程可靠分析的基本假定之一。目前,岩土工程参数的正态性检验以KS （Kolmogorov-Smirnov）检验为主,然而诸多研究表明,对于小样本数据,KS检验的正态性检验结果并不可靠。本文以废黄河泛滥沉积相粉土中的孔压静力触探（CPTU）锥尖阻力q_t数据为研究对象,首先采用ANOVA （方差分析）检验,从CPTU测试资料中进行总体的样本筛选,然后应用SW （Shapiro-Wilk）检验、KS检验、LF （Lilliefors）检验和AD （Anderson-Darling）检验等4种正态性检验方法,在不同样本容量条件下,对测试数据进行正态性检验评价。当测试数据的样本容量充足时,分析结果表明：SW检验结果最为严格,KS检验结果最不保守,而LF检验和AD检验的严格性介于两者之间;对于常规岩土工程设计,采用KS检验结果即可满足稳定性分析要求,对于复杂岩土工程设计,采用SW检验对设计参数进行正态性检验,可降低设计的不确定性。     

Machine learning reveals the influences of grain morphology on grain crushing strength

Acta Geotechnica - Grain morphology has significant impacts on the mechanical behaviors of granular materials. However, its influences on grain breakage are still poorly understood due to the...     

基坑支护中锚杆预应力损失机理分析

目前基坑支护工程中,预应力锚杆加固技术已经得到广泛应用,但对于锚杆锁固以后的预应力变化规律还没有进行深入探讨研究,尤其是针对基坑侧壁为土质边坡的情况。针对锚杆锁固后,预应力的短期内损失和长期运行的稳定性缺乏全面的认识。通过对基坑锚杆预应力变化的系统监测和分析,揭示了锚杆预应力在运行过程中预应力变化的3个不同阶段,并分析了相应的作用因素。     

Middle-high latitude N2O distributions related to the Arctic vortex breakup

The relationship of N2O distributions with the Arctic vortex breakup is first analyzed with a probability distribution function （PDF） analysis. The N2O concentration shows different distributions between the early and late vortex breakup years. In the early breakup years, the N2O concentration shows low values and large dispersions after the vortex breakup, which is related to the inhomogeneity in the vertical advection in the middle and high latitude lower stratosphere. The horizontal diffusion coefficient （Kyy） shows a larger value accordingly. In the late breakup years, the N2O concentration shows high values and more uniform distributions than in the early years after the vortex breakup, with a smaller vertical advection and Kyy after the vortex breakup. It is found that the N2O distributions are largely affected by the Arctic vortex breakup time but the dynamically defined vortex breakup time is not the only factor.     

VPN技术在防震减灾中的应用

简要介绍VPN技术的应用、原理与搭建,并介绍了两个应用实例。显示了VPN技术在防震减灾工作中有广阔的应用前景。     

中国化工产业布局演变与影响机理研究

基于2003—2013年的企业数据,研究了中国化工产业及其行业空间布局演化、影响因素及机理。结果表明：① 化工企业呈现沿海?陇海线?沿长江的“π”字型分布格局,集中在长三角、珠三角、环渤海、长株潭等4个热点区,天津?淄博、上海?南京、广州?茂名等化工集聚区的双核结构凸显,布局演变呈分散化趋势;② 整体上高污染、低附加值的基础化工行业由沿海地区向中西部地区转移,反之相对精细高端的行业集中在沿海地区或在沿海地区内部转移;③ 整体上港口条件、市场需求、地理区位、环境规制的影响贡献呈现下降趋势,而资源条件、外商投资、科技投入等要素的贡献上升,不同行业影响程度和趋势存在差异。     

Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution of Mining-Induced Fracture Field: A Case Study Using Image Processing in the Shaqu Coal Mine,China

Natural Resources Research - Mining-induced fracture plays a key role in gas drainage for gas burst-prone underground coal mines, especially for closely multilayered coal seams. The layout and...