基于V9I的空间关系映射与操作

利用V9I模型中目标的边界、内部和Voronoi区域均可量测及易于操作的特点 ,研究建立底层数据结构与空间关系语义层之间的V9I映射机制 ,在Voronoi的动态栅格生成算法的基础上 ,构建空间关系的基本操作。最后 ,以VC 为开发工具并采用面向对象的技术 ,设计了基于V9I的空间关系操作工具原型VTKit ,并给出部分操作实例     

晚奥陶世北秦岭弧后盆地放射虫组合

陕西渭北地区旬奥陶世裂陷成深水环境９,构成北秦岭弧后盆地的一部分,接受了一套碳酸盐岩斜坡相沉积。在其下部地层首次分离出一个保存良好,属种丰富的放射虫化石化合Ｉｎａｎｉｂｉｇｕｔｔａ ａｆｆ．ｉｎｃｏｎｓｔａｎｓ－Ｓｙｎｔａｇｅｎｔａｃｔｉｎｉａ ｂｉｏｃｃｕｌｏｓａ组合,计有７科、１４属、２３种、４新种,以Ｉｎａｎｉｇｕｔｔｉｄａｅ、Ｈａｐｌｅｎｔａｃｔｉｎｉｉｄａｅ、Ｐｏｌｙｅｎｔａｃｔｉｎｉｉ     

粤港澳大湾区汛期降水的多模式集成预报方法的评估检验

基于欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)、中国气象局(CMA)、日本气象厅(JMA)、美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)、英国气象局(UKMO)五个模式集成的交互式全球大集合预报系统（THORPEXInteractiveGrandGlobalEnsemble,简称TIGGE）资料集的确定性预报、集合预报以及地面降水观测数据,采用多模式集成平均(EMN)、消除偏差集成平均(BREM)、滑动训练期超级集合方法（R_SUP）对2018年华南汛期（4—9月）粤港澳大湾区的降水预报开展了评估检验。总体而言,多模式集成预报方法在大湾区前汛期降水预报的均方根误差平均比后汛期高2mm;多模式集成预报方法的预报能力在前汛期随着预报时效的延长而呈持续下降趋势,后汛期则表现为短期（24~72h）下降、中期（72~168h）持续平稳的变化特点。与预先的假设差异主要表现在：对前、后汛期的降水预报综合表现最好的均是数学原理相对简单的EMN,而BREM和R_SUP的空间平均评分指标则稍差,但其在降水落区预报中仍有较好的预报技巧。     

面向流媒体传输的空间数据变化累积模型

将流媒体技术引入到以矢量数据为主的网络GIS传输中,其关键是建立逐级精细化的多层次表达模型,并在服务器端数据预组织上建立线性索引结构.本研究针对该目标建立一种矢量数据多重表达的新模型,即变化累积模型,认为尺度空间中从粗到细的数据表达过程是一些"变化"的累积,"变化"表现为两个连续尺度表达间的差别,通过"变化"元素的逐渐增加或减少来实现渐进传输.基于该模型对面状数据渐进式传输进行研究,将多边形分级剖分为一系列凸壳或外接矩形的基础上建立变化累积模型,通过剖分元素的组合完成渐进式流媒体传输.

Abstract：

The streaming transfer method which makes data immediately available application during the progress of transfer becomes a welcome transfer way over Web. The progressive transmission of map data provides the users witha self-adaptive strategy to access remote data. It not only speeds up the Web transfer but also offers an efficient navigation guide in information acquisition. The key technology in this transmission is the efficient multiple representation of spatial data and pre-organization on server site. This paper aims at vector data offering a new multiple representation model called changes accumulation model, which considers the spatial representation from one scale to another scale as an accumulation of set of changes. The difference between two consecutive representations is recorded in a linear index and through gradually addition or subtraction realizes the progressive transmission. As an example, the progressive transmission of area feature based on changes accumulation model is investigated in the paper. The model is built by hierarchical decomposition of polygon into series of convex hulls or bounding rectangles and through component of the decomposed elements to accomplish the progressive transmission.     

沾化县实施土地开发整理努力实现两个平衡

沾化县是黄河三角洲综合开发的重点区域,也是“海上山东”建设的前沿阵地。全县土地面积2114．km^2,其中耕地面积6．11万hm^2,总人口38．5万,人均耕地面积0．17hm^2。沾化县现有耕地后备资源34641．99hm^2,其中国家级耕地后备资源31694．57hm^2,省级耕地后备资源2941．41hm^2,通过土地开发整理,将来可净增耕地2947．41hm^2。     

空间路线描绘：以大学生入学路线的心像地图为例

以开放性问题的方式调查大学新生对地理空间的认知,通过让被试者绘制其从家乡入学的路线,并在经过简短的地理和地图基础知识理解后再进行同一问题的路线描述,试图发掘基础地理知识对路线理解的前后变化、揭示空间认知能力如何体现在绘制路线上。研究结果表明,被试者会选择文字、示意简图、方位图方式绘制心像地图,具有较强的空间记忆能力;经过地理和地图基础知识介绍后,被试者的描述方式发生改变,增强了空间感知能力和知识叠加能力;选择交通方式的不同对路线描述、途经要素的选择及途经地点数量会产生重要影响;地理和地图基础知识的介绍对途经地点的数量和行政等级几乎没有影响;山川河流及知名建筑等地理要素对人认知记忆产生重要影响,是路线描绘过程中的重要标志;远距离路线描绘会出现等级空间思维而“详-略”结合的地图刻画。实验揭示了路线描述的个体差异和上述的共同点。     

Climate Change,Geopolitics, and Human Settlements in the Hexi Corridor over the Last 5,000 Years

Social responses to climate change over human history have been widely discussed in academia over the last two decades. However, the transformation of the human–environment nexus crossing prehistoric and historic periods and the processes associated with it are not yet clearly understood. In this study, based on published works on radiocarbon dating, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, and archaeological sites, together with a synthesis of historical documents and highresolution paleoclimatic records, we trace the extent to which human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor in northwestern China evolved in conjunction with climate change over the last 5,000 years. A total of 129 Neolithic, 126 Bronze Age, and 1,378 historical sites in the Hexi Corridor(n=1,633) were surveyed. Our results show that, in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods(～2800–100 BC), climate change contributed to the transformation of subsistence strategies and the subsequent changes in human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor. The warm-humid climate in ～2800–2000 BC promoted millet agriculture and helped the Majiayao, Banshan, and Machang Cultures to flourish. The cold-dry climate in ～2000–100 BC resulted in the divergence and transformation of subsistence strategies in the Xichengyi–Qijia–Siba and Shajing–Shanma Cultures and in a shift in their settlement patterns. However, in the historical period(121 BC–AD 1911), human settlement patterns were primarily determined by geopolitics related to the alternating rule of regimes and frequent wars, especially in the Sui–Tang dynasties. We also find that trans-Eurasian cultural exchange since ～2000 BC improved social resilience to climate change in the Hexi Corridor, mediating the human–environment nexus there. Our findings may provide insights into how human societies reacted to climate change in arid and semi-arid environments over the long term.     

铜和镁离子对卵圆卡盾藻生长、光合色素和溶血活性的影响

本研究探索了不同浓度的铜和镁离子对卵圆卡盾藻(Chattonella ovata)光合色素含量及其溶血活性的影响,并探讨了溶血活性与光合色素间的关系.结果表明,当铜和镁离子浓度分别为7.84μg/dm3和18.79 g/dm3时,卵圆卡盾藻达到最佳生长状态.不同浓度的铜离子(3.92、5.88、7.84、9.80μg/...     

祁连山中寒武统牙形石

青海大通中寒武统毛家沟群产丰富的牙形石，共有７属８种，以原牙形石Ｊｉａｎｇｓｈａｎｏｄｕｓａｆ．ｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌｕｓ、Ｇａｐｐａｒｏｄｕｓｂｉｓｕｌｃａｔｕｓ、Ｐｈａｋｅｌｏｄｕｓｔｅｎｕｉｓ占优势，而副牙形石Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ、Ｐｒｏｏｎｅｏｔｏｄｕｓ仅有少数个体。与华北和华南相比，这一组合所含副牙形石的比重明显降低，而且缺乏Ｌａｉｗｕｇｎａｔｈｕｓ、Ｆｕｒｎｉｓｈｉｎａ等类型（图版１）。     

悬挂式阻水帷幕地下水控制方法探讨——以北京地铁8号线永定门外站为例

以北京地铁8号线永定门外站为例,提出悬挂式帷幕阻水条件下基坑排水量计算方法以及悬挂式帷幕阻水中存在的问题。介绍了3种结合悬挂式帷幕采取的封底阻水措施,即水下灌注混凝土封底,深孔注浆封底以及超高压旋喷桩封底,并分别探讨了其优缺点。提出了悬挂式帷幕阻水结合基坑底部封底阻水的最佳建议方案,以达到有效节约地下水资源、降低工程施工难度和工程造价之目的。