鄂尔多斯盆地东北部纳岭沟铀矿床元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

纳岭沟铀矿床位于鄂尔多斯盆地北部,是我国目前已发现的可地浸砂岩型铀矿床之一。其受古层间氧化带控制,呈板状产于中侏罗统直罗组下段辫状河砂体中。笔者从元素地球化学分析入手,通过对不同蚀变砂岩的地球化学特征进行对比,认为蚀变砂岩主要化学成分的变化受成岩作用、水-岩作用,以及油气二次还原作用等影响,并且有机碳含量在矿化砂岩中较高,说明铀矿化与有机质关系密切。矿化砂岩中的微量元素相对富集或亏损明显,可能与成岩后期(热液)的改造作用有关。蚀变砂岩均表现出壳型花岗岩的微量和稀土元素特征,LREE相对富集,说明盆地北部的阴山、大青山古陆壳富铀花岗岩体是直罗组的主要物源。此外,δEu和δCe特征也表明纳岭沟铀矿床是在弱氧化-弱还原过渡性环境下形成。这些特征可作为找矿勘探的重要指示或标志。     

心血管主动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化物矿物学特征研究

心血管系统中主动脉粥样硬化斑块的钙化主要发生在动脉内膜,能够预测心血管系统疾病的风险性和死亡率,对钙化物的矿物组成及形成机制的分析有望为主动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程提供辅助信息。本文以心血管主动脉粥样硬化斑块中的钙化物为研究对象,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及X射线能谱仪、微区X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜以及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等矿物学研究手段,对原位和分离的钙化物的矿物形态、成分、结构等进行了较为系统的观察测试。研究结果表明,主动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化物的主要成分为纳米尺寸的粒状、针状及柱状的B型碳羟磷灰石,并与低n（Ca）/n（P）的磷酸钙矿物共存。钙化初期是沉淀在胶原纤维上的低n（Ca）/n（P）磷酸钙矿物小球,在钙化发展过程中,胶原纤维随之钙化并不断富集,形成最终的块状钙化。     

陶枣煤田晚古生代煤中硫及伴生有害元素分布特征

对山东陶枣煤田晚古生代洪进行了形态硫分析、煤中黄铁矿伴生无奈的探针测试及煤中微量元素中子活化分析,结果表明,高硫煤中有害物质主要来自煤中黄铁矿,黄铁矿硫占总硫的75％以上,同时黄铁矿中伴生有大量有害元素,其质量分数与种类又与其成因类型有关。黄铁矿中伴生有害元素质量分数约在0．5％至2．5％之间。太原组高硫煤中的有害元素以Cu,As,U,Ph,Mo和Co等为特征,其成因与硫的聚集密切相关。研究还发现,As与Fe存在相关关系,As主要赋存在Fe和Cu的硫化物中。U的富集与海水的影响有关,同时也受岩浆活动的影响。侵入体附近的低灰天然焦含U最高,达10×10－6。根据以上研究结果,推测对于高硫煤采用重液洗选除硫除灰时,也可同时去除大部分有害元素,应予深入研究。     

针铁矿与盐酸反应的化学动力学研究

本文研究了针铁矿αFeOOH与盐酸反应的化学动力学特性,测定了它们的反应级数、速率常数、实验活化能和指(数)前因子。     

作物水分与氮素生产函数的实验研究

在田间水肥耦合试验的基础上,对水分生产函数的概念加以拓宽,提出了水分、氮素生产函数的概念,并建立了最终产量模型和动态产量模型,进行了参数求解,模型模拟结果和田间试验结果符合较好.     

枣庄煤田太原组煤中微量元素地球化学特征

采用中子活化法测定了山东枣庄煤田晚古生代太原组高硫煤层中的微量元素质量分数 ,用数理统计方法取得了高硫煤中微量元素的浓度分布范围、平均值和变异系数 ,用逐步聚类分析法和相关分析法分析了微量元素的共生组合关系 ,并用扫描电镜 -能谱分析了不同煤岩组分的微量元素浓度 ,在此基础上结合形态硫分析结果和沉积相分析结果 ,讨论了高硫煤中微量元素的富集因素、聚集机理和成因背景 ,指出受海水影响的沼泽沉积环境不但对煤中形态硫的分布和含量有控制作用 ,同时对煤中微量元素的浓度和共生组合特点也有影响。太原组高硫煤中的微量元素按其成因可分成两组 ,一组是陆源碎屑富集型 ,其含量直接与煤中灰分产率呈正相关关系 ;另一组为盆地内部沉积 -生物作用富集型元素 ,海水的入侵和盆地介质的停滞还原条件和陆源碎屑物质输入量的减少最有利于沉积 -生物作用型元素的富集 ,并以有害元素 Cu、As、 U、 Pb、 Mo、 Sr和 Co的富集为特征。煤中黄铁矿及其他硫化物是许多有害元素的重要载体 ,充分凝胶化的富氢镜质体比其他组分承载和吸附有更多的有害元素。深入研究不同煤层的有害元素的有机亲和性有利于指导煤的合理利用和采用有效的有害元素的去除措施 ,以利于煤的有效和洁净利用     

节理面构成块体的概率公式及其工程应用

利用块体理论和概率分析理论,建立了同时考虑节理面间距和延展性随机特性的情况下构成块体体积的理论公式,据此分析了节理间距、延展性随机特性与构成块体体积的关系,进而得到了具有实用价值的计算公式,该公式结合可动块体分析方法,可以有效地解决赤平投影难以计算小型结构面构成块体体积的问题。工程实例表明,该公式具有实用性和应用前景。     

Searching for AGN and pulsar candidates in 4FGL unassociated sources using machine learning

In the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope source catalog(4 FGL),5064γ-ray sources are reported,including 3207 active galactic nuclei(AGNs),239 pulsars,1336 unassociated sources,92 sources with weak association with blazars at low Galactic latitudes and 190 other sources.We employ two different supervised machine learning classifiers,combined with the direct observation parameters given by the 4 FGL fits table,to search for sources potentially classified as AGNs and pulsars in the 1336 unassociated sources.In order to reduce the error caused by the large difference in the sizes of samples,we divide the classification process into two separate steps in order to identify the AGNs and the pulsars.First,we select the identified AGNs from all of the samples,and then select the identified pulsars from the remaining cases.Using the 4 FGL sources associated or identified as AGNs,pulsars and other sources with the features selected through the K-S test and the random forest(RF)feature importance measurement,we trained,optimized and tested our classifier models.Then,the models are applied to classify the 1336 unassociated sources.According to the calculation results of the two classifiers,we report the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy in each step and the class of unassociated sources given by each classifier.The accuracy obtained in the first step is approximately 9595%;in the second step,the obtained overall accuracy is approximately 80%.Combining the results of the two classifiers,we predict that there are 583 AGN-type candidates,115 pulsar-type candidates,154 other types ofγ-ray candidates and 484 of uncertain types.     

Changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation for 1980–2009 revealed in MERRA reanalysis data

Changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) during the 30 years 1980–2009 are investigated using Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis data. The mass streamfunction that is induced by wave forcings in the transformed Eulerian-mean (TEM) equation through the downward-control principle is used as a proxy for the BDC. The changes in the BDC are investigated using two aspects: the wave propagation conditions in the stratosphere and the wave activity in the upper troposphere. They are compared in the first (P1) and second (P2) 15-year periods. The resolved wave forcing, expressed by the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux divergence (EPD), is significantly enhanced during the December-January-February (DJF) season in P2 in both the Northern Hemisphere (NH) high latitudes and the Southern Hemisphere (SH) mid- and high latitudes. The increased zonal mean zonal wind at high latitudes in the SH, caused by ozone depletion, leads to an upward shift of the Rossby-wave critical layer and this allows more transient planetary waves to propagate into the stratosphere. In the NH, the enhanced EPD in DJF leads to an increase in the frequency of Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) events. The gravity wave drag (GWD) is smaller than the EPD and the change in it between the two time periods is insignificant. The residual term in the TEM equation is similar to the GWD in the two periods, but its change between the two periods is as large as the change in the EPD. Among the four components of the EP flux at 250 hPa, the meridional heat flux played a dominant role in the enhancement of the BDC in P2.