The effects of climate change on heating energy consumption of office buildings in different climate zones in China

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Climate plays an important role in heating energy consumption owing to the direct relationship between space heating and changes in meteorological conditions....     

基于概率匹配的西南区域模式定量降水订正试验

利用2014—2015年5—10月地面观测降水资料和同时段的西南区域模式降水预报资料,基于概率匹配方法,采取分区及点对点匹配两种方案对2016年6—8月降水集中时段逐12h累积降水进行订正试验。结果表明:(1)订正后的模式预报相比订正前而言,平均(绝对)误差有所减小,降水落区的范围和平均强度与实况更加接近;(2)量级偏差越大,运用该方法的订正效果越好,夜间降水订正效果优于白天;(3)分区统计方案对模式系统性偏差的订正效果优于点对点方案,合理的区域划分增加统计样本量可以提高订正效果。     

中国对流层NOx垂直柱总量分布特征及其与闪电活动的相关性分析

闪电放电过程发出很强的光辐射,促进了光化学反应的进行,加快了NO_x向上的垂直输送,造成对流层上部NO_x的增加。闪电生成氮氧化物(LNO_x)是对流层上部NO_x(NO和NO_2)的主要来源,影响了对流层和平流层大气成分的垂直分布。本文利用2005—2013年TRMM卫星LIS传感器闪电密度和Aura卫星OMI传感器对流层NO_2垂直柱总量遥感观测数据,分析了中国地区对流层NO_2柱总量时空分布特征及其与闪电活动的相关性。发现,青藏高原地区对流层NO_2柱总量与闪电密度变化特征一致,表现为夏季高,冬季低,该地区LNO_x估算值约为339mol/次。基于LNO_x估算值分析中国不同地区LNO_x/NO_x百分比分布特征,发现,青藏高原地区春季和夏季LNO_x/NO_x较高,约为20%~60%,秋季和冬季低于20%;与之相比,NO_x排放较为严重的四川盆地、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲等地区普遍低于20%,中国地区LNO_x/NO_x百分比平均值低于10%。由此得出结论,LNO_x是青藏高原地区NO_x的主要排放源,人口密集和工业程度较高的四川盆地、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲地区NO_x主要来自于其它排放源。研究结果揭示了中国地区对流层NO_x柱总量分布特征及其与闪电活动的关系,对于研究闪电过程对于氮氧化物生成量的影响有重要意义。     

Mapping spatiotemporal patterns of events using social media: a case study of influenza trends

Tracking spatial and temporal trends of events (e.g. disease outbreaks and natural disasters) is important for situation awareness and timely response. Social media, with increasing popularity, provide an effective way to collect event-related data from massive populations and thus a significant opportunity to dynamically monitor events as they emerge and evolve. While existing research has demonstrated the value of social media as sensors in event detection, estimating potential time spans and influenced areas of an event from social media remains challenging. Challenges include the unstable volumes of available data, the spatial heterogeneity of event activities and social media data, and the data sparsity. This paper describes a systematic approach to detecting potential spatiotemporal patterns of events by resolving these challenges through several interrelated strategies: using kernel density estimation for smoothed social media intensity surfaces; utilizing event-unrelated social media posts to help map relative event prevalence; and normalizing event indicators based on historical fluctuation. This approach generates event indicator maps and significance maps explaining spatiotemporal variations of event prevalence to identify space-time regions with potentially abnormal event activities. The approach has been applied to detect influenza activity patterns in the conterminous US using Twitter data. A set of experiments demonstrated that our approach produces high-resolution influenza activity maps that could be explained by available ground truth data.     

Study on Wave Added Resistance of a Deep-V Hybrid Monohull Based on Panel Method

In this paper, a panel method based on three dimensional potential flow theory is used to study the problem of wave added resistance. The time-domain motio     

地震勘探在地层倾角较大地区的应用初探

在地层倾角较大地区,尤其是通过钻孔见煤深度推断的地层倾角变化较大地区,钻孔之间的地层及构造变化情况,若仅依靠钻孔资料,可能会得出与事实相反的结论。大倾角地层地区的地震勘探,须解决的地质问题主要有：受构造运动影响,煤系地层被风化剥蚀后,与新生界呈不不整合接触关系的煤层露头点：背斜轴部发育的褶曲、断层以及煤层赋存形态的变化;受大断层的牵引作用,其附近地层倾角变化及小断层的发育情况。在地震资料处理时,对干涉波应采用炮炮计算切除量及去线性干扰模块进行切除：并认为偏移处理中的层速度,做沿层平滑较均方根速度平滑更加合理。在进行解释时,应注意分辨不同的波形特征及断点识别标志。实例表明：地震勘探可以准确地控制单斜地层因断层导致的背斜构造及地层倾角变化情况。     

烃源岩评价分析项目的优化组合

在我国石油天然气行业中,对烃源岩评价的实验分析技术已形成一套比较成熟的方法,其中大部分已制订成国家标准或行业标准。但是在实际过程中,或者是全面测试,以致浪费大、收益小,或者是为过度节约而少测样品,造成信息严重丢失。为了分析测试能既节约成本又成果优秀,对各分析项目依据其有效性和局限性,分为基本项目、选择项目和补充项目三大类。针对不同的研究目的,分别提出了烃源岩样品快速筛选分析、烃源岩系统评价分析、下古生界海相烃源岩研究分析等相关实验测试分析项目的优化组合设计方案。     

Combined effects of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon on soil microorganism communities

Soil contaminated sites contain a variety of pollutants, especially heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Interactions between heavy metals have been relatively well studied, but little is known about interactions between heavy metals and PAHs. The combined effect of heavy metals and PAHs on soil microorganism was studied in laboratory conditions and evaluated by random denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. We extracted DNA directly from contaminated soils and then amplified the V3 sequences of the 16S rDNA. The results showed that with different culture time, the gene diversity of the single and combined contaminated soil differed as well. After 15 days of culture, the microorganisms were stimulated and accommodated. After 45 days of cultivation, the quantities of the soil microorganisms were affected. It is concluded that some of the microorganisms utilize phenanthrene as important carbon resources. Microorganisms directly isolated from soil could reflect the diversity of soil microorganism and population distribution conditions.     

An innovative GPS trajectory data based model for geographic recommendation service

Geographic services based on GPS trajectory data, such as location prediction and recommender services, have received increasing attention because of their potential social and commercial benefits. In this study, a Geographic Service Recommender Model (GSRM) is proposed, which loosely comprises three essential steps. Firstly, location sequences are obtained through a clustering operation on GPS locations. To improve efficiency, a programming model with a distributed algorithm is employed to accelerate the clustering. Secondly, in order to mine spatial and temporal information from the cluster trajectory, an algorithm (MiningMP) is designed. Last but not least, the next possible location to which the user will travel is predicted. An integrated framework of GSRM could then be constructed and provide the appropriate geographic recommendation service by considering location sequences as well as other related semantic information. Experiments were conducted based on real GPS trajectories from Microsoft Research Asia (182 users within a period of five years). The experimental results clearly demonstrate that our proposed GSRM model is effective and efficient at predicting locations and can provide users with personalized smart recommendation services in the following possible position with excellent performance in scalability, adaptability, and quality of service.     

SEC储量资产评估及信息管理系统一体化设计及研发

在对SEC储量分类体系、管理对象属性、评估工作流程的研究基础上,提出将储量资产的基本单井信息、资产基础信息、评价软件、评价结果管理及统计分析和专家辅助分析系统有机地结合在一起,实现对储量资产的精细化管理,在系统设计时采用当前主流的SOA框架设计系统,主动适应SEC油气储量新准则下的管理要求,在评估和管理一体化思想的指导下,使整个工作形成环环相扣的整体,有效地支持和辅助管理层决策分析.