鄱阳湖水面蒸发量的计算与变化趋势分析(1955-2004年)

利用器测折算法与气候模式法,分别计算鄱阳湖周围康山、棠荫、都昌、星子、湖口5站的单站水面蒸发量,以5站两种方法计算值的平均值代表鄱阳湖大湖面的水面蒸发量,求得鄱阳湖1955-2004年各月的水面蒸发量和蒸发水量,结果为：多年平均年蒸发量1081．2 mm．年蒸发水量27．06×10~8 m~3．对年、月水面蒸发量在近50年来的变化趋势进行了分析,表明除5月份外,其他各月蒸发量和年蒸发量均呈逐渐减少趋势,年蒸发量平均每年减小2．79 mm,年蒸发水量平均减少0．05×10~8 m~3,对湖区水资源持续利用和湖泊环境将产生明显影响．对水面蒸发量递减原因进行了初步探讨．     

Preliminary seismic anisotropy in the upper crust of the south segment of Xiaojiang faults and its tectonic implications

The Xiaojiang faults,striking north-to-south(NS),and the Honghe faults,striking north-to-west(NW),are first-order block boundaries that intersect to form a concentrated stress zone at an acute angle in the southern part of the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block(SYB).It is also a crucial zone for material escaping from the Tibetan Plateau(TP)due to the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.In December 2017,the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting of the China Earthquake Administration(CEA)deployed a linear temporary seismic broadband array,the Honghe-Xiaojiang temporary Seismic Array(HX Array),across first-order block boundaries in the southern SYB.By using the waveform data of small earthquakes recorded by stations in the HX Array across Xiaojiang faults from 2017 to 2019,and by permanent seismic stations of the China National Earthquake Networks from 2012 to 2019,this paper adopts the systematic analysis method of shear-wave splitting(SWS),SAM method,to obtain preliminary results for seismic anisotropy in the upper crust.The study area can be divided into two subzones according to the spatial distribution of the directions of polarization of the fast shear-wave(PFS)at the stations:the northern zone(zone A,where the HX Array is located)and the southern zone(zone B,to the south of the HX Array).The results show that the directions of the PFS at stations in zone A were highly consistent,dominant in the NE direction,correlated with the in-situ principal compressive stress,and were seemingly unaffected by the Xiaojiang faults.The directions of the PFS as recorded at stations in zone B were more complicated,and were dominant in the NS direction parallel to that of the regional principal compressive stress.This suggests the joint influence of complex tectonics and regional stress in this narrow wedge area.By referring to the azimuthal anisotropy derived from seismic ambient noise in the southeast margin of the TP,the NS direction of the PFS in the middle and lower crust,and its EW direction in the upper mantle,this paper concludes that azimuthal anisotropy in the upper crust differed from that in the lower crust in the south segment of Xiaojiang faults,at least beneath the observation area,and azimuthal anisotropy in the crust was different from that in the upper mantle.The results support the pattern of deformation of ductile flow in the lower crust,and the decoupling between the upper and lower crusts as well as that between the crust and the mantle in the study area.The crustal directions of the PFS appeared to be independent of the Xiaojiang faults,suggesting that the influence of the South China block on the SYB passed through the Xiaojiang faults to the Yimen region.The results of this study indicate that anisotropic studies based on data on the dense temporary seismic array can yield clearer tectonic information,and reveal the complex spatial distribution of stress and deformation in the upper crust of the south segment of Xiaojiang faults.     

基于夜间多时相遥感数据的热异常与地震的相关性

本文使用第二代欧洲气象卫星MSG搭载的SEVIRI传感器数据,基于卫星数据稳健分析技术提取了意大利地区2015—2017年间的三次热异常,并在此基础上增加热异常的判定条件,利用静止气象卫星的高时间分辨率特性,基于夜间多时相遥感数据探究热异常与地震的相关性.结果显示:通过夜间多时相遥感数据均值可更清晰地展示出研究区热异常...     

无人机载线阵摆扫CCD影像几何校正

针对无人机载线阵CCD传感器摆扫成像的技术特点,利用GPS/INS组合导航系统提供的导航遥测数据,对无人机载的线阵摆扫CCD影像建立了严格的成像模型,并设计了详细的几何校正流程。实验结果证实采用文中的成像模型和几何校正流程,可获得正确、高精度地理编码的线阵摆扫CCD正射影像。     

白令海DSDP188站氧同位素3期以来的古海洋与古气候记录

白令海南部DSDP188站沉积物生源组分分析显示,该地区表层生产力在MIS3早、晚期(3.3和3.1)以及MIS2期增加,而其他时期表层生产力相应降低,并且表层生产力的变化没有显示明显的冰期与间冰期旋回。沉积物的C/N比值反映了有机碳的混合来源,说明该地区表层生产力可能受陆源营养物质输入的影响。该站位沉积物的非生源组分分析显示,MIS3早、晚期陆源物质输入量增加,反映洋流加强和气候变化。MIS2出现两次陆源物质输入量的增加,显示了洋流和气候的波动。MIS3和末次冰消期碳屑丰度增加,但MIS2降低,指示MIS3和MIS1陆地天然火灾概率大,而MIS2天然火灾概率低,反映间冰期比冰期更容易发生天然火灾。     

循环同化雷达资料对一次飑线系统临近预报的改进作用

利用WRF(Weather Research Forecast)模式及其3D-Var(Three-Dimensional Variational assimilation)变分系统,针对2017年7月7日一次飑线进行了雷达资料的循环同化敏感性试验.结果表明:以循环同化雷达资料至飑线成熟期时刻的试验预报效果最好,主要原因...     

中国海洋生物地球化学过程研究的最新进展

海洋是全球生态系统的重要组成部分,在地球系统中,其与大气、陆地紧密联系在一起,在调节全球气候等方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。全球变化引起的海洋变化十分明显,现在已经能够观测到海洋的大尺度物理、化学和生物特征的变化,其中海洋食物链结构、海岸带富营养化和珊瑚礁退化最为     

面向野外地质调查工作的道路提取方法研究

为弥补传统的依靠管理组织、法律、经济、教育等进行对野外地质工作安全管理工作的不足,通过百度SDK采集GPS步行轨迹数据,基于单向GPS轨迹数据的特点,进行轨迹的分割分段处理.最后利用BP神经网络算法拟合道路,通过反复实验确定BP网络的参数配置信息.并以中国地质大学西区为研究区域,提取路网信息,验证算法的有效性和实用性....     

载人潜水器运行管理考核评价体系构建研究

为对载人潜水器运行管理工作进行科学考核评价,保障重大深海装备安全高效运行,文章以“蛟龙”号载人潜水器为例,分析研究了“蛟龙”号载人潜水器的运行管理特点,针对我国科技管理体制和“蛟龙”号载人潜水器的管理技术要求,在结合“蛟龙”号载人潜水器海试与试验性应用实际工作的基础上,建立了科学合理、具备可操作性的考核评价体系。通过在“蛟龙”号载人潜水器运行管理工作中的试应用,充分证明该体系建设方法的有效性,值得在载人无人潜水器等重大装备管理中推广应用。