泥岩标志层在海陆过渡沉积环境地层对比中的应用——以珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷A油田古近系为例

珠江口盆地A油田区古近系海陆过渡沉积环境砂体变化快,由此带来砂体追踪对比的困难。基于测井和地震资料,在恩平组和珠海组共识别出5套具有等时意义的泥岩标志层。在泥岩标志层约束下,建立了目的层段的高分辨率层序地层格架:3个长期旋回、8个中期旋回以及21个短期旋回。在等时地层格架内,短期旋回的砂体平面分布特征研究表明,恩平组为北东向物源的辫状河三角洲沉积,珠海组为北东—南西展布的滨岸沉积;单砂体沉积微相及含油性研究表明,恩平组的辫状河三角洲分流河道和珠海组的滨岸砂坝为含油有利相带,这一认识在后续开发中得到了验证。     

Heavy metal distribution and accumulation in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spartina alterniflora</Emphasis> from the Andong tidal flat,Hangzhou Bay,China

In order to study the heavy metal accumulation and distribution in the roots, stems, and leaves of Spartina alterniflora, we collected S. alterniflora samples and the associated sediments along three transects at the Andong tidal flat, Hangzhou Bay. Co, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were mainly accumulated in the aerial parts (stems and leaves) of the plants, and their distributions depended on their mobility and their roles during the metabolism processes of S. alterniflora. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb were significantly enhanced with the increasing of heavy metal concentrations in the sediments, while those of Co and Ni remained relatively constant. Bioaccumulation factors results showed that the serious heavy metal contamination in the sediments from the transect A may overwhelm the accumulation capability of the plants. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the sediments and the pore water therein also play a role in the heavy metal concentrations and accumulations in the plants, because they can influence the behaviors and bioavailabilities of heavy metals during nutrition and bioaccumulation processes of the plants. The sediments with vegetation did not show significantly decreased heavy metal concentration with respect to the unvegetated sediments, although the plants did absorb heavy metals from the sediments. Principal component analysis and correlation analyses indicated that Co–Ni, Cu–Cd–Hg behaved coherently during accumulation, which may be ascribed to their similar accumulation mechanisms. This work provided essential information on the heavy metal accumulation by plants in a tidal flat, which will be useful for the environmental control through phytoremediation at estuaries.     

离子迁移谱现场观测渤海和北黄海二甲基硫的研究

渤海、黄海是高产二甲基硫(Dimethyl Sulfide,DMS)的大陆架海区.该海区DMS的现场调查研究有助于准确评估海洋DMS释放量及其对全球气候变化的负反馈作用.目前,无论是基于模型还是直接测量法的通量估算均以表层海水或低层大气DMS浓度为基础,因此,先进的检测技术对其通量估算的准确度具有决定性作用.气相色谱法...     

Undersea Buried Pipeline Reconstruction Based on the Level Set and Inverse Multiquadric Regularization Method

The electric inversion technique reconstructs the subsurface medium distribution from acquired data. On the basis of electric inversion, objects buried under the earth or seabed, such as pipelines and unexploded ordnance, are detected and located in a contactless manner. However, the process of accurately reconstructing the shape of the target object is challenging because electric inversion is a nonlinear and ill-posed problem. In this work, we present an inverse multiquadric (IMQ) regularization method based on the level set function for reconstructing buried pipelines. In the case of locating underwater objects, the unknown inversion area is split into two parts, the background and the pipeline with known conductivity. The geometry of the pipeline is represented based on the level set function for achieving a noiseless inversion image. To obtain a binary image, the IMQ is used as the regularization term, which 'pushes' the level set function away from 0. We also provide an appropriate method to select the bandwidth and regularization pa-rameters for the IMQ regularization term, resulting in reconstructed images with sharp edges. The simulation results and analysis show that the proposed method performs better than classical inversion methods.     

不同气候背景下北疆霜期的时空变化特征

利用新疆气象信息中心提供的1961—2021年逐日最低气温资料，基于常规气象统计方法，对不同气候背景下北疆地区初、终霜日和霜期的变化特征进行分析，结果表明：（1）初霜日在背景I下呈较快推迟趋势，速率达0.36 d/a，背景II下变化趋势很小；终霜日在背景I下反呈推迟趋势，速率达0.15 d/a，在背景II下呈较快提前趋势，速率达0.28 d/a；霜期在背景I、II下均呈缩短趋势，缩短速率分别为0.24 d/a、0.35 d/a。（2）在气候背景I下霜期的缩短主要由初霜日推迟而导致，在气候背景II下霜期的缩短主要由终霜日提前所导致。（3）北疆地区平均初霜日在背景II下变化趋势很小是因为此时段下北疆初霜日西部在提前，东部在推迟，且推迟与提前的变化趋势相差较小；平均终霜日在背景I下反呈推迟趋势的气候条件是此时段下北疆春季气温变化趋势为-0.357 ℃/10 a，空间变化上则是因为此时段下北疆终霜日整体呈推迟趋势，仅阿勒泰地区东部、哈密地区东部呈提前趋势，且推迟速率较大，提前速率较小。（4）由气候背景I转为II，北疆初霜日等级出现由低向高移动的趋势，终霜日和霜期则与其相反。（5）相关季节北大西洋涛动指数对于北疆地区初、终霜日的影响较为显著，初霜日与夏季北大西洋涛动指数呈显著负相关，终霜日与秋季北大西洋涛动指数呈显著正相关。     

层硅铈钛矿的矿物学研究

层硅铈钛矿是一种罕见又多变的矿物,因而至今未见详细报导。笔者在赛马碱性岩体的铀、钍、铌、稀土巨型综合矿床中获得了各种成因的新鲜矿样,作了系统的研究,指出该矿物为单斜晶系、具类似2M型白云母结构的层状钛硅酸盐。