Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area, Western China

X-ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000?m+ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoigê area. Kübler’s illite crystallinity (IC) measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down-borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area (i.e. burial metamorphism), and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south (i.e. contact metamorphism).     

基于快速傅里叶方法的地震前兆振幅谱分析

利用FFT方法,对地电、地磁、形变及重力等前兆时间序列信号进行分析,结果显示,宝昌地震台及乌加河地震台地电两测向日均值时间序列存在3个主要谐波分量,其中周期近一年的分量物理意义明确.FFT方法在精确确定前兆时间序列中的干扰信息周期时具有较好的效果.     

2005―2006年间粤西云浮市大气降水化学特征

对2005―2006年间在粤西云浮市采集到的40场降水样品进行降水化学分析.结果表明,降水离子的平均浓度为730.62 μeq/L,高于云南丽江、青海瓦里关山、香港、广东广州和鹤山等地,大气污染比较严重;降水中主要阳离子成分是Ca2+和NH4+,阴离子成分是SO42?和NO3?,共占离子总浓度的83﹪;离子浓度高值出现在降水偏少的汛期过渡期,低值则发生在降水丰沛的前汛期、主汛期和台风雨期;云浮降水离子浓度受地壳来源、工业交通污染影响较大,海洋源影响较小.     

基于面向对象的地图投影转换模块设计

以基于面向对象的方法实现地图投影转换模块设计,探讨该方法在地图投影转换中以及具体投影转换模块的设计及实现,在VC6.0平台下通过相关接口的建立以及地理坐标系和投影坐标系两大主要类的设计和扩充,实现地理坐标系间、投影坐标系间或两者间的投影转换.该模块有利于快速、高效编程的实现,并具有扩展性强和易于维护等优势.     

Strengthened East Asian summer monsoons during a period of high-latitude warmth? Isotopic evidence from Mio-Pliocene fossil mammals and soil carbonates from northern China

The East Asian monsoons have fluctuated in concert with high-latitude warmth during the past several hundred thousand years, with humid summer monsoon-dominant climates characterizing warm intervals, including interglacials and interstadials, and arid winter monsoon-dominant climates characterizing cool intervals, including glacials and stadials. Of the states comprising the mid-Pleistocene to recent climatic regime, interglacials are most similar in terms of high latitude ice volumes and temperatures to those extant during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. Thus, an important question is whether Mio-Pliocene climates in northern China were analogous to a hypothetical ‘prolonged interglacial state,’ with increased summer monsoon precipitation and expansion of forest and steppe environments at the expense of desert environments.We utilize new and previously published carbon isotopic data from fossil teeth and soil carbonates to place constraints on paleovegetation distributions and to help infer the behavior of the monsoon system between ～ 7 and 4 Ma. We find that plants using the C₄ photosynthetic pathway—which today are largely grasses found in regions with warm season precipitation—were present in northern China by late Miocene time, demonstrating that the C₄ expansion in China was not significantly delayed compared to the global C₄ event. During the late Miocene–early Pliocene interval, soil carbonate and tooth enamel δ¹³C data indicate: 1) that nearly pure C₃-plant ecosystems existed in the southern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), and therefore ecosystems there were dominated by woody dicot, herbaceous dicot, or cool-season grass vegetation (or a combination of these), and 2) that the CLP was characterized by a pattern of northward-increasing C₄ vegetation and aridity. Utilizing a broadened conceptual model for interpreting δ¹³C data, and citing independent faunal, floral, and lithostratgraphic data, we suggest that these patterns reflect northward expansion of forest and steppe ecosystems and relatively humid monsoon climates during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. An important implication of this interpretation is that the forcing mechanism illuminated by the temporal correlation during the Pleistocene between warm high latitudes and strong East Asian summer monsoons is a robust feature of the Eurasian tectonic–climatic system that predates the Plio-Pleistocene climatic reorganization.     

山西省代县滩上一带隐爆角砾岩地球物理和地球化学特征及其地质意义

隐爆角砾岩型金矿是国内外一种具有重要经济价值的矿床类型。在分析山西代县滩上隐爆角砾岩区的金多金属矿床地质背景、地球物理及地球化学特性的基础上,研究滩上一带隐爆角砾岩的岩石化学特征,发现该区金多金属矿体赋存部位位于岩体内、内外接触带及四集庄组岩组捕虏体中。研究认为,金多金属矿由石英斑岩中硫化物局部富集形成,其主要物质来源与滩上岩体之岩浆期后热液有关,黄铁矿化隐爆角砾岩为容矿岩石,断裂及其次级断裂、裂隙等构造活动为金矿体的形成提供了良好的导矿通道,燕山期中酸性浅成-超浅成岩浆活动为研究区成矿提供了大量含矿热液和成矿物质。     

中国边界测图地理信息网络化保障系统的研究与实现

在各种比例尺地图数据的生产中,凡涉及与周边国家接壤的图幅,都存在国界要素关系处理问题;特别是比例尺大于1∶100万的各种地图的制作生产,国界要素的表示程度较为详细,需以双边签订的议定书为依据,议定书附图作参考,一一对照进行数据制作和成果检校。本文系统结合现实需求,利用目前多比例尺、多投影、多存储格式的边界地理信息数据,结合多源数据融合与基于金字塔模型的瓦片技术,实现了国界数据数字化管理和网络化共享的“一站式”在线服务。     

SIMO-MIMO模式城市建筑群下视阵列SAR三维仿真

真实下视阵列SAR系统的缺失,给该技术数据获取及进一步技术研究带来了困难,下视阵列SAR三维仿真的研究具有重要意义。为了有效反映下视阵列SAR技术在建筑物耸立的城市区域的三维成像优势,本文采用单输入多输出（SIMO）和多输入多输出（MIMO）两种模式仿真了城市建筑群下视阵列SAR回波数据,并对两种模式的回波数据进行了三维距离多普勒成像处理,通过SIMO模式成像结果、MIMO模式成像结果分别与原始地形的差分对比,验证了本文方法的有效性及两种模式的优劣性。     

饵料浓度、温度对缢蛏能量代谢的影响

本文以缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）为实验对象,使用实验室静水法,研究其在不同饵料浓度、温度梯度下的代谢情况,测定其摄食、呼吸、排粪、排泄等生理参数,并根据能量平衡原理估算了缢蛏的能量收支情况。结果表明:（1）缢蛏的摄食能、呼吸能、排泄能随饵料浓度的上升而增加;随着温度的变化,其摄食能呈峰值性改变,呼吸能和排泄能有缓慢增长趋势;（2）缢蛏从球等鞭金藻（Isochrysis sphaeric）中摄取的有机碳源主要通过呼吸代谢消耗,以粪便的形式排出,少部分随排泄代谢产物流出,余下的碳主要用作贝类自身的生长;（3）单因素方差分析表明,饵料浓度和温度均显著影响缢蛏的摄食率和耗氧率（P<0.05）,温度为23℃时,缢蛏的摄食率和耗氧率在饵料浓度为3.0×105 cells/mL时达到最高;饵料浓度为3.0×105 cells/mL时,缢蛏的摄食率在23℃时达到最大值,而耗氧率和排氨率在31℃时达到最高。     

基于中国现行城市规划体制的城市设计再思考

当前中国城市建设日新月异,但理想的城市空间仍然难以获得。问题的关键在于城市设计在中国现行城市规划体系下很难真正发挥作用。在回顾城市设计概念和内涵历史演进的基础上,总结了城市设计理论和实践在中国的发展概况,并重点分析了城市设计的现状和问题。在分析阐明城市设计与城市规划之间关系的基础上,明确指出在中国现行城市规划体制下必须走城市设计与城市规划相结合的一体化融合之路。最后从二者相结合的角度,从理论认识、法规体系、研究重点和方法途径等几个方面提出了中国城市设计的应对策略。