中德海洋空间规划法律体系建设及启示

文章针对中国海洋空间规划涉及的法律、行政法规和地方法规,以及德国海洋空间规划相关领域法律法规进行梳理。在核心法律、立法体系层次、涉及海域、与陆地空间规划的联系4个方面对两国海洋空间规划法律体系进行异同分析,探讨我国未来可行的海洋空间规划法制建设方向。提出推动海洋空间规划专项立法,规范地方立法建设,重视专属经济区与大陆架空间规划,有机结合陆海空间规划等建议。同时展望了我国和世界海洋空间规划法律体系的建设趋势。     

基于FusionCompute的地震行业网私有云平台部署与实现

针对传统地震数据机房存在业务扩展成本高且周期长、维护繁琐、无法保障重要业务系统的无故障连续运作等问题,采用虚拟化云计算技术,实现地震行业网的私有云服务。华为FusionCompute云服务系统将主机、存储等物理资源虚拟化,并整合为统一资源,供多个虚拟机使用,行业专网内运维人员通过用户接口远程访问云平台,在虚拟机上可快速、高效地按需搭建业务系统。地震私有云平台不仅减少业务扩展运营期间的设备采购、系统搭建、运行维护等人力和物力投入,且通过FusionCompute的迁移技术,实现业务系统的"零宕机"服务。     

希尔伯特—黄变换在地电阻率数据处理中的应用

希尔伯特—黄变换用于处理非线性非平稳信号,由经验模态分解和希尔伯特谱分析2部分组成。本文采用希尔伯特—黄变换方法,相继对大同地震台地电阻率月值数据和宝昌地震台地电阻率月值、整点值数据进行处理。结果显示:(1)大同、宝昌地震台地电阻率月值数据对应的Hilbert谱具有较高分辨率,高幅值在归一化频率0.05—0.15区间内呈"余弦"变化形态;(2)希尔伯特—黄变换在提取地电阻率异常变化、高频信息及去除噪声等方面效果较好,在未来地电资料处理中具有广泛的应用前景。     

Transpiration rates of Carex Meyeriana in relation to micrometerological factors in a mountain valley wetland

In order to reveal transpiration rates of wetland plants and its relationships to micro- meterological factors in a mountain valley wetland, relative humidity, air temperature, leaf temperature, soil temperature, photo flux density and transpiration rates were measured once two hours in a Carex meyeriana wetland of the Changbai Mountain valley in dry （July） and wet （September） of 2003, respectively. Results showed that the tendency of ＂decreasing after increasing＂ was obvious in wet season. However, a relatively stable trend was observed for the transpiration in dry season.. Generally, the photon flux density of Carex meyeriana was higher in wet season than that in dry season. However, the variabilities of leaf temperature, air temperature and relative humidity were similar in both seasons. Higher transpiration rates of Carex meyeriana leaves were observed in July （varied from 40 to 150 mol.m^-2.s^-1） compared to those （varied from 7 to 14 mol.m^-2.s^-1） in September. Transpiration rates were significantly correlated with air temperature （P〈0.01）, leaf temperature （P〈0.01）, and wind speed （P〈0.05）, but correlationship between relative humidity and photo flux density was not significant （P〈0.05）.     

印度尼西亚Buti铜矿的土壤地球化学特征与成矿预测

文章通过分析印度尼西亚Buti铜矿的地质地球化学特征,圈定出5个矿致综合异常,并对可能富集成矿的异常进行成矿潜力评价,最后认定3个综合异常BT2,BT4和BT5具有寻找斑岩型和低温热液型铜-金矿的潜力。     

Computed success rates of various carrier phase integer estimation solutions and their comparison with statistical success rates

The success rate of carrier phase ambiguity resolution (AR) is the probability that the ambiguities are successfully fixed to their correct integer values. In existing works, an exact success rate formula for integer bootstrapping estimator has been used as a sharp lower bound for the integer least squares (ILS) success rate. Rigorous computation of success rate for the more general ILS solutions has been considered difficult, because of complexity of the ILS ambiguity pull-in region and computational load of the integration of the multivariate probability density function. Contributions of this work are twofold. First, the pull-in region mathematically expressed as the vertices of a polyhedron is represented by a multi-dimensional grid, at which the cumulative probability can be integrated with the multivariate normal cumulative density function (mvncdf) available in Matlab. The bivariate case is studied where the pull-region is usually defined as a hexagon and the probability is easily obtained using mvncdf at all the grid points within the convex polygon. Second, the paper compares the computed integer rounding and integer bootstrapping success rates, lower and upper bounds of the ILS success rates to the actual ILS AR success rates obtained from a 24 h GPS data set for a 21 km baseline. The results demonstrate that the upper bound probability of the ILS AR probability given in the existing literatures agrees with the actual ILS success rate well, although the success rate computed with integer bootstrapping method is a quite sharp approximation to the actual ILS success rate. The results also show that variations or uncertainty of the unit–weight variance estimates from epoch to epoch will affect the computed success rates from different methods significantly, thus deserving more attentions in order to obtain useful success probability predictions.     

利用张衡一号卫星电场数据研究吉林松原、河北唐山MS5.1地震前后空间电场时空演化特征

利用我国第一颗电磁监测试验卫星张衡一号电场探测仪（EFD）载荷记录到的ULF/ELF频段电场功率谱密度（PSD）数据,限制Dst≥－30 nT和K_p＜3排除空间磁环境扰动后,分4个频段对2020年唐山古冶M_S5.1地震和2019年吉林松原M_S5.1地震前后空间电场时空演化特征进行研究。结果发现,2020年唐山古冶M_S5.1地震4个频段扰动幅度均显示出震前先抬升至最高点超过2倍均方差,而后在下降过程中发震,震后恢复的规律,且第2频段异常尤为明显;4个频段扰动幅度时间序列特征相似,且震前均超过2倍均方差。2019年吉林松原M_S5.1地震不同频段的扰动幅度时间序列特征不同,仅有第2频段超过2倍均方差。2次地震均在第2频段（371~879 Hz）出现震前异常扰动,认为该频段是地震异常提取的优势频段。     

中国东部烈度衰减关系模型研究

本文收集了1990—2021年我国东部地区180次地震等震线数据,采用长、短轴椭圆模型,应用Levenberg-Marquardt法和最小二乘法重新拟合了东部地区的分区地震烈度衰减关系。结果表明,两种回归模型结果保持较好的一致性,在2个分区统计单元内(东北、华北地区与华中、华南地区)地震烈度衰减关系有明显不同,故而应进行不同的分区对待。同时,在我国东部地区,通过与其他学者的地震烈度衰减关系研究成果进行对比,显示本文两种方法的结果可较好地反映烈度衰减的区域特征。选取吉林宁江M5.7、湖北巴东M5.1地震和河北唐山M7.8地震的长、短轴及面积进行计算,通过对比结果可以看出,本文烈度衰减关系计算的结果较同一区域或大区域的计算结果更精准,说明本文结果能反映出东部地区地震震级小而破坏大的特征,适合用于该地区的工程地震研究和应用。本文给出的我国东部地区分区地震烈度衰减关系适用震级范围为面波震级3.0～8.0,距离为0～660km。     

距离门宽度对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率及测距精度的影响

针对距离门对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率以及测距精度的影响,结合激光雷达方程、单光子探测方程进行理论推导,采用不同宽度的距离门分析讨论,并利用蒙特卡洛方法进行模拟仿真试验。通过理论分析和仿真试验证明,距离门宽度对于探测概率影响不大,对于虚警概率具有较大影响,距离门为100 ns时,测距误差可以满足激光测高卫星的测距要求,当距离门宽度超过400 ns时,噪声占比会较大,测距精度会急剧下降,需要在数据后处理阶段采用精细化的滤波算法提取有效探测光子,保证测量精度。为保证对同一点重复观测25次,根据ICESat-2卫星的激光载荷参数,推导出光斑大小、光斑间距、激光重频三者之间的定量化关系。相关结论对于后续国产单光子激光测高卫星的设计与指标论证可提供一定参考。