大气中酚类化合物分析方法的改进

从提高方法灵敏度的角度出发,先后对酚的吸收液,分析方法和步骤及采样方法进行了一系列改进。改进后的方法提高了灵敏度,降低了检出限。在进行瞬间采样时（采样体积为60L）,其最低检出浓度达到了0．010mg／m3,若采用连续采样（288L）,其最低检出浓度可达到0．002mg／m3。用此方法所监测的数据能真实地反映大气中微量酚类化合物的含量。     

异硫氰酸苄酯（BITC）防污损作用研究：8.防污挂板试验

以不同浓度（1,10,100,1000,10000mg／1）异硫氨酸等酯（BITC）浸泡处理木板和地砖两种材料,在青岛太平角海区挂板进行BITC防污作用研究。因BITC能被海水稀释,低浓度BITC（≤1000mg／1）处理的挂板不能有效抑制海洋污损生物的附着,但10000ms／1BITC处理的接板短期内对防止污损生物的附着有效。     

Moho Structure of the Southwest Sub-Basin,South China Sea,from a Multichannel Seismic Reflection Profile NH973-1

Moho structure provides important clues for understanding crustal structure, isostatic state and magmatic flux from mantle to surface. Across-basin Moho structure of the South China Sea(SCS) is important for understanding crustal evolution mechanisms of both continental break-up and seafloor spreading processes. Southwest Sub-basin(SWSB) opened up the latest and has the closest continental margins, making it the best to study the across-basin structure. Multichannel seismic(MCS) reflection data of line NH973-1 that crosses SWSB in NW-SE direction were reprocessed in order to image Moho structure. In MCS data, Moho reflectors are observed in places, which were not revealed in prior researches. The Moho generally shows symmetric structure on both sides of the central rift valley(CRV) and with variations in crustal thickness. Around CRV, the Moho is 2 seconds depth in two-way travel time(TWTT) beneath the igneous basement, which corresponds to 7 km depth, indicating normal oceanic crustal accretion during the ending of seafloor spreading. Close to the continent-ocean boundary(COB), the Moho becomes shallow to 1 second depth in TWTT(3.5 km), implying strong crustal thinning towards the continent, probably because of poor magma supply at the beginning of seafloor spreading. At south COB, the Moho depth under the crust almost reaches zero, which could be explained as a result of exhumed mantle. In addition, two low-angle, deep-penetrating normal faults are observed at south COB. The faults cut across the Moho into the upper mantle, which may be attributed to lithospheric hyper-stretching at COB during continental break-up.     

国家自然科学基金地理学科申请代码的历史沿革与发展

国家自然科学基金的学科申请代码是形成合理基础研究资助格局、促进学科均衡发展、鼓励学科交叉和发展新兴方向的指南。本文系统梳理了自1986年国家自然科学基金委员会创建至今,地理学科申请代码体系的历史沿革,重点对新时期地理学科申请代码体系在水、土、生态系服务、环境和人地关系演变等方向的布设特点,以及对未来学科基础研究资助格局的影响进行了分析和展望。     

A new high-resolution Late Glacial-Holocene climatic record from eastern Nanling Mountains in South China

A 350-cm-long sediment core sequence from Dahu Swamp situated in the eastern Nanling Mountains was selected for high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstruction since the Late Glacial period. The multi-proxy records of this paper reveal several evidently dry and cold events that may coincide with the Oldest Dryas, the Older Dryas, the Younger Dryas in the late deglacial period. Two relatively wetter and warmer phases occurred in ca. 15,000–14,400 cal yr B.P. and 13,500–12,800 cal yr B.P. respectively may correspond to the Bølling and Allerød warming events. The Younger Dryas event (ca. 12,800–11,500 cal yr B.P.) revealed by multi-proxies was characterized by relatively colder and drier climate. A warmer and wetter climate, occurred in ca. 10,000–6000 cal yr B.P., was consistent with the Holocene Optimum, which coincided with the maximum Northern Hemisphere insolation. The “8.2kyr cool event” and even the “8.8kyr cool event” were indicated as well from our sediment core. A dry mid-Holocene period (ca. 6000–3000 cal yr B.P.) indicated by multi-proxies does not follow the traditional concept of the wet mid-Holocene conditions observed in other regions in China.     

Network-based geometry-free three carrier ambiguity resolution and phase bias calibration

Continuously operating reference stations (CORS) are increasingly used to deliver real-time and near-real-time precise positioning services on a regional basis. A CORS network-based data processing system uses either or both of the two types of measurements: (1) ambiguity-resolved double-differenced (DD) phase measurements, and (2) phase bias calibrated zero-differenced (ZD) phase measurements. This paper describes generalized, network-based geometry-free models for three carrier ambiguity resolution (TCAR) and phase bias estimation with DD and ZD code and phase measurements. First, the geometry-free TCAR models are constructed with two Extra-Widelane (EWL)/Widelane (WL) virtual observables to allow for rapid ambiguity resolution (AR) for DD phase measurements without distance constraints. With an ambiguity-resolved WL phase measurement and the ionospheric estimate derived from the two EWL observables, an additional geometry-free equation is formed for the third virtual observable linearly independent of the previous two. AR with the third geometry-free model requires a longer period of observations for averaging than the first two, but is also distance-independent. A more general formulation of the geometry-free model for a baseline or network is also introduced, where all the DD ambiguities can be more rigorously resolved using the LAMBDA method. Second, the geometry-free models for calibration of three carrier phase biases of ZD phase measurements are similarly defined for selected virtual observables. A network adjustment procedure is then used to improve the ZD phase biases with known DD integer constraints. Numerical results from experiments with 24-h dual-frequency GPS data from three US CORS stations baseline lengths of 21, 56 and 74 km confirm the theoretical predictions concerning AR reliability of the network-based geometry-free algorithms.

Multi-GNSS precise point positioning with raw single-frequency and dual-frequency measurement models

GPS Solutions - The emergence of multiple satellite navigation systems, including BDS, Galileo, modernized GPS, and GLONASS, brings great opportunities and challenges for precise point positioning...     

河北宣化南部上侏罗统土城子组恐龙足迹新材料

近年来,冀北地区相继报道多处恐龙足迹产地（纪友亮等,2008;邢立达等,2009;Xing et al., 2011,2012; 柳永清等,2012）。足迹体现出沿41°00''纬向线分布特征（图1a）,自西向东分别由尚义小蒜沟产地、赤城杨家坟产地、滦平梨园产地、梨树沟门产地、承德县产地及承德骆驼沟产地组成。 2020年4月,笔者等在宣化一带发现大型恐龙足迹群③号产地（图1b）。因此,丰富冀北地区恐龙足迹规模及种属类型,为恐龙群落研究提供新材料成为本次研究的重点。     

辽宁省抚顺东部地区第四系划分方案及有关问题的讨论

辽宁抚顺东部地区处于长白山脉南延的龙岗山系中,由玄武岩组成的火山台地和大面积冰水堆积物构成的夷平面,共同组成了抚顺东部地区第四纪特殊的地貌景观,依据1/5万区调成果,对抚顺东部地区第四纪地层进行了划分和对比研究,把更新统由下至上划分了8个自然单元,全新统由下至上划分了3个自然单元。提出了抚顺地区更新世由早期至晚期至少存在三期冰水堆积物的新认识。     

基于建筑轮廓的车载和航空LiDAR数据配准

点云配准是集成车载和航空LiDAR数据进行三维建筑模型构建的重要环节。本文以建筑轮廓为配准基元,提出了一套完整的车载和航空LiDAR数据配准流程,包括点云数据中建筑轮廓的提取、基于建筑轮廓的点云配准两个步骤。文中首先提出了一种极大值累积量的方法,以实现车载LiDAR点云中建筑轮廓的提取;在利用建筑轮廓进行初始配准的基础上,提出了一种配准关系修正的方法以精确配准点云。实验证明,极大值累积量方法能够有效地从车载LiDAR点云中提取建筑轮廓,本文的配准方法能够实现车载和航空LiDAR数据的高精度配准。