Zircon U–Pb Dating and Geochemistry of the Linong Granitoid and Its Relationship to Cu Mineralization in the Yangla Copper Deposit,Yunnan, China

The Yangla copper deposit (Cu reserves: 1.2 Mt) in the Jinshajiang–Lancangjiang–Nujiang region in China is spatially associated with the Linong granitoid. Zircon U–Pb dating shows the granitoid formed at 234.1 ± 1.2 to 235.6 ± 1.2 Ma, and the KT2 ore body of the deposit yields a molybdenite Re–Os model age of 230.9 ± 3.2 Ma. The ages of mineralization and crystallization of the granitoid are identical within the measurement uncertainties, suggesting the Yangla deposit is genitically related to the Indosinian Linong granitoid.     

Comparative phylogeography of African rain forest trees: A review of genetic signatures of vegetation history in the Guineo-Congolian region

The biogeographic history of the African rain forests has been contentious. Phylogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of genetic lineages within species, can highlight the signatures of historical events affecting the demography and distribution of species (i.e. population fragmentation or size changes, range expansion/contraction) and, thereby, the ecosystems they belong to. The accumulation of recent data for African rain forests now enables a first biogeographic synthesis for the region. In this review, we explain which phylogeographic patterns are expected under different scenarios of past demographic change, and we give an overview of the patterns detected in African rain forest trees to discuss whether they support alternative hypotheses regarding the history of the African rain forest cover. The major genetic discontinuities in the region support the role of refugia during climatic oscillations, though not necessarily following the classically proposed scenarios. We identify in particular a genetic split between the North and the South of the Lower Guinean region. Finally we provide some perspectives for future study.     

Geochemical characteristics and age of metamorphic sole rocks within a Neotethyan ophiolitic mélange from Konya region (central southern Turkey)

Palaeo- and Neo-Tethyan-related magmatic and metamorphic units crop out in Konya region in the south central Anatolia. The Neotethyan assemblage is characterized by mélange and ophiolitic units of Late Cretaceous age. They tectonically overlie the Middle Triassic–Upper Cretaceous neritic to pelagic carbonates of the Tauride platform. The metamorphic sole rocks within the Konya mélange crop out as thin slices beneath the sheared serpentinites and harzburgites. The rock types in the metamorphic sole are amphibolite, epidote-amphibolite, garnet-amphibole schist, plagioclase-amphibole schist, plagioclase-epidote-amphibole schist and quartz-amphibole schist. The geochemistry of the metamorphic sole rocks suggests that they were derived from the alkaline (seamount) and tholeiitic (E-MORB, IAT and boninitic type) magmatic rocks from the upper part of the Neotethyan oceanic crust. Four samples from the amphibolitic rocks yielded ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isotopic ages, ranging from 87.04 ± .36 Ma to 84.66 ± .30 Ma. Comparison of geochemistry and geochronology for the amphibolitic rocks suggests that the alkaline amphibolite (seamount-type) cooled below 510 ± 25 °C at 87 Ma whereas the tholeiitic amphibolites at 85 Ma during intraoceanic thrusting/subduction. When all the evidence combined together, the intraoceanic subduction initiated in the vicinity of an off-axis plume or a plume-centered spreading ridge in the Inner Tauride Ocean at 87 Ma. During the later stage of the steady-state subduction, the E-MORB volcanics on the top of the down-going slab and the arc-type basalts (IAT/boninitic) detached from the leading edge of the overriding plate, entered the subduction zone after ~2 my and metamorphosed to amphibolite facies in the Inner Tauride Ocean. Duration of the intraoceanic detachment (~87 Ma) and ophiolite emplacement onto the Tauride-Anatolide Platform (Tav?anl? Zone), followed by subsequent HP/LT metamorphism (~82 Ma) spanned ~5 my in the western part of the Inner Tauride Ocean.     

庐枞盆地及周缘地区黄马青组沉积微相及与含铜岩系的关系

庐枞盆地及其周缘地区黄马青组具有典型的河控三角洲沉积层序,为前三角洲亚相-三角洲前缘亚相沉积。上段主要由泥岩-砂岩组成,三角洲前缘亚相,发育远砂坝、河口砂坝、分流间湾、分支河道和天然堤等微相,总体构成向上变粗的海退三角洲序列。含铜岩系分布于黄马青组上段,由灰绿色、深灰等还原色调的粉砂质泥岩或泥质粉砂岩等细碎屑岩类组成,属于三角洲前缘亚相中的分流间湾微相环境,在庐枞盆地中南部最为发育。     

缅甸硬玉岩地区的热液型钠长石岩

产于俯冲带内的低温高压带的由单矿物构成的硬玉岩通常伴有钠长石岩,目前对于硬玉岩研究的关注度较高,而对于钠长石岩则相对较低,很少有相关论文报导.产于缅甸翡翠矿区的钠长石岩,经常与硬玉岩相伴而生,是良好的研究样品.钠长石岩的主要矿物成分是低温钠长石,其次含有硬玉、绿辉石、透辉石等辉石类矿物和钠透闪石、蓝透闪石、镁钠闪石等闪石类矿物,此外还有钠沸石等.钠长石沿着解理和裂隙交代硬玉,说明钠长石形成晚于硬玉岩.钠长岩中的主要组成矿物钠长石的形成温度小于300℃,且其形成压力小于0.5kb,推测是在硬玉岩抬升程中通过交代与沉淀作用形成.其内的透辉石有两种类型,一类可能是被交代的硬玉中的透辉石组分会渐进增加,最终形成透辉石.另一类是被绿辉石包裹的透辉石残留,其很有可能是早期来自地幔楔或者俯冲带岩石中的矿物残留,即异剥钙榴岩或辉石岩类,可以视作硬玉化绿辉石岩和硬玉化异剥钙榴岩的矿物学证据.热液型钠长石岩的存在进一步说明缅甸翡翠矿区钠化热液存在现象的普遍性与穿越性.     

湖南金船塘锡铋矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因的初步研究

金船塘锡铋矿床是东坡矿田内一个以锡铋为主的大型矽卡岩型多金属矿床,其成矿流体演化及成矿机制是理解该区花岗岩浆演化与成矿的关键内容,但迄今为止对其成矿流体演化及成矿物理化学条件尚无人研究。本文以金船塘锡铋矿床为研究对象,在详细野外调查的基础上,系统开展了镜下观察、流体包裹体显微测温以及激光拉曼分析,进而对金船塘矿床的地质特征及流体演化过程进行了初步研究,并获得如下认识：（1）该矿成矿演化过程可划分为原生矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、云英岩阶段、锡石硫化物阶段及无矿石英-碳酸盐阶段;（2）成矿流体的成分以H₂O为主,气相成分中含少量的CO₂、CH₄、SO₂,子晶成分主要为NaCl,含有少量的KCl,成矿流体为H₂O-NaCl（±KCl）-CO₂（±CH₄）体系;（3）矽卡岩阶段中流体包裹体均一温度分布在174~>550℃,但主要集中在550℃以上,其盐度范围为5.41%~15.3% NaCleqv;退化蚀变阶段均一温度范围为143~>550℃,主要集中在230~300℃,盐度范围为1.22%~37.4% NaCleqv;云英岩阶段均一温度分布于220~500℃范围内,主要为240~350℃之间,盐度范围为3.0%~14.3% NaCleqv;锡石硫化物阶段中的包裹体均一温度分布于170~368℃,主要为220~270℃,盐度分布在0.35%~7.86% NaCleqv。总体上从成矿早阶段到晚阶段,成矿流体总体具有向低温、低盐度方向演化的趋势。成矿流体的总体密度分布在0.65~1.0g/cm³之间,矿床形成的压力约为120~200MPa,对应的成矿深度约为4~7km;（4）早期成矿流体以岩浆水为主,在演化过程中有大气降水的加入,流体降压沸腾作用和流体混合作用可能是矿石沉淀的主要机制。     

HHT法的基本原理及其应用探讨

以Timoshenko单跨梁为研究对象,采用回转射线矩阵法进行动力响应计算,针对Timoshenko梁的瞬态响应信号为非平稳信号,采用基于Hilbert—Huang变换原理的信号时频分析,并与FFT的处理结果进行对比分析。结果表明,HHT方法比Frr法更适合非平稳信号的分析和处理,同时,HHT方法不仅可以将瞬态信号中低频和高频部分分离出来,还可以通过Hilbert谱展示信号能量在时频域内的分布,更为深入的了解信号的本质。     

西准噶尔包古图富镁闪长质岩墙的时代、地球化学特征以及铜金成矿意义

西准噶尔包古图地区广泛发育富镁闪长质岩墙.对这些岩墙进行角闪石Ar-Ar和锆石U-Pb定年分别获得(313.1±3.5)Ma和(316.3±3.8) Ma的年龄,显示其主要形成于晚石炭世.闪长质岩墙以富Si(SiO2=56.8 ％～62.9％)、Mg(MgO=2.39％～4.04％、Mg#=54-62)、Cr(Cr=30×10-6～80×10-6)、Ni(Ni=20×10-6～62×10-6)为特征,具有弱的Eu负异常和高Sr/Y比值(36～44),强烈亏损HREE (Yb=1.32×10-6～1.54×10-6、Y=13.1×10-6～15.5×10-6),富集LILE (K、Sr、Ba),亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti).这些特点显示,这些闪长质岩墙可能是由俯冲的板片熔体与地幔橄榄岩反应而成,与洋脊俯冲有关.而闪长质岩墙的形成过程也有利于铜金矿床的形成,显示该区有良好的成矿远景.     

广元三堆镇康家沟剖面寒武系地层及沉积特征

丹凤群分布于天水市南部,向东延入陕西凤县。通过原岩恢复,其下部层位的岩石以变玄武岩为主,夹安山岩、石英岩、大理岩,中部为变石英砂岩夹玄武岩、薄—微层状石英岩夹安山岩、英安岩,上部为玄武岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩、石英砂岩、大理岩夹流纹岩及硅质条带。火山岩为碱性—拉斑系列,锶同位素初始比值低,地球化学特征与岛弧玄武岩的地球化学模型相似。通过对丹凤群火山岩地质特征、岩石组合、岩石地球化学特征的综合分析,认为丹凤群的沉积环境,处于当时的秦岭古陆南侧的古大洋岛弧。     

巢北地区二叠系页岩孔隙特征分析

以巢北二叠系孤峰组（P2g）、龙潭组（蹦）和大隆组（P3d）页岩为研究对象,运用压汞和扫描电镜实验手段对页岩的孔隙结构进行分析。认为三组地层的主要孔隙类型为过渡孔,孔径范围在15．9～27．2nm之间,孤峰组和龙潭组页岩的孔隙度为14．05％和13．47％、比表面积为13．722m2／g和14．046m2／g、孔容为0．087ml／g和0．067ml／g,均较接近。大隆组页岩孔隙度为1．58％,比表面积为2．16m2／g,孔容为0．008ml／g。样品的镜下SEM—sE图像可观察到孔隙类型以粘土矿物颗粒间孔隙为主,孔隙形状不规则,存在微裂缝。