Design principle for parameters and interferences of tungsten carbide insert interface on roller bits

The lifetime of roll-bits with inserted tooth will be obviously decreased while drilling in strata and the tungsten carbide can be integrally separated from the roll-cone,which will need more trip out time to replace the roller bit.This study provides an entire analysis on stress as well as strength for teeth and tooth holes in loaded conditions.Qualities of tooth drop from matrix within roller bit.The optimized interferences of teeth inserted into the bit can be reasonably obtained by the critical interference derived from some relevant influence factors on the tooth-fixing quality of roller bits.     

“数字长寿”地理空间框架建设与应用

从数据资源、软件体系、应用体系、保障体系等建设内容对数字长寿地理空间框架建设情况进行了系统性的阐述,并对数字长寿地理空间框架建设在工作组织、技术探索、应用推广等方面的创新和特色进行了总结。     

基于非线性扫描技术的可控震源地震勘探分辨率提高方法

可控震源地震扫描信号易被地下介质吸收并形成高频部分衰减,降低对地下地质体的分辨能力.分析地震信号扫描方式,研究非线性扫描信号特性及其在补偿地层吸收衰减的地震相关子波信号影像中的作用,利用正演模拟和现场试验验证非线性扫描信号在提高可控震源地震勘探地震分辨率中的作用.结果表明:非线性扫描通过控制高频能量信号的时间分配,提高激发信号的高频成分,选择合适的非线性扫描信号类型和激发能量,能够提高地震勘探分辨率.该研究结果对实现高分辨率地震勘探具有一定的参考意义.     

Assimilation of ASAR data with a hydrologic and semi-empirical backscattering coupled model to estimate soil moisture

The most promising approach for studying soil moisture is the assimilation of observation data and computational modeling.However,there is much uncertainty in the assimilation process,which affects the assimilation results.This research developed a one-dimensional soil moisture assimilation scheme based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)and Genetic Algorithm(GA).A two-dimensional hydrologic model-Distributed Hydrology-Soil-Vegetation Model(DHSVM)was coupled with a semi-empirical backscattering model(Oh).The Advanced Synthetic Apertture Radar(ASAR)data were assimilated with this coupled model and the field observation data were used to validate this scheme in the soil moisture assimilation experiment.In order to improve the assimilation results,a cost function was set up based on the distance between the simulated backscattering coefficient from the coupled model and the observed backscattering coefficient from ASAR.The EnKF and GA were used to re-initialize and re-parameterize the simulation process,respectively.The assimilation results were compared with the free-run simulations from hydrologic model and the field observation data.The results obtained indicate that this assimilation scheme is practical and it can improve the accuracy of soil moisture estimation significantly.     

浅析律师角色的社会定位——兼谈律师法对律师权利义务的设计

运用法制给律师一个准确定位是法治社会发展的需要，也是发挥律师作用的重要前提。我国现行律师法将律师定位于为社会提供法律服务的执业人员，对律师职业定位不准确，造成律师社会地位低下，缺乏社会责任感，容易造成律师角色失败。社会需求和价值取向决定着律师角色的社会定位，我国的律师法对律师权利义务的制度设计应成为律师定位和发挥其作用的法律保障。     

Warmer-Get-Wetter or Wet-Get-Wetter? A Criterion to Classify Oceanic Precipitation

In this study, the temporal and spatial variations of observed global oceanic precipitation during 1979–2010 are investigated. It is found that the global trend in precipitation during this period varies at a rate of 1.5%/K of surface warming while the rate is 6.6%/K during 2006–2010. The precipitation is highly correlated with Sea Surface Temperature(SST) in both the temporal and the spatial patterns since the strong 1997–98 El Nino event. Considering the distributions of precipitation and SST, seven oceanic regions are classified and presented using the observed Global Precipitation Climatology Project(GPCP) data and Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperatures, version 3(ERSST.v3) data. Further examining the mechanisms of the classified oceanic precipitation regions is conducted using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) satellite, GFDL-ESM-2G model precipitation and SST data and Hadley Center sea ice and SST version 1(Had ISST1) data. More than 85% of global oceanic precipitations are controlled by either one or both of the warmer-get-wetter mechanism and wet-get-wetter mechanism. It is estimated that a 0.5 SST signal-to-noise ratio, representing the trend of SST time series to the standard deviation, is a criterion to distinguish the mechanism of a region. When the SST ratio is larger than 0.5, the precipitation of this region is controlled by the warmer-get-wetter mechanism. SST, rather than the humidity, is the pivotal factor. On the other hand, when the SST ratio is less than 0.5, the precipitation is controlled by the wet-get-wetter mechanism. The SST variability is a significant factor contributing to the precipitation variation.     

Decomposition of algal lipids in clay-enriched marine sediment under oxic and anoxic conditions

A series of laboratory incubation experiments were conducted to examine the decomposition of algal organic matter in clay-enriched marine sediment under oxic and anoxic conditions. During the 245-day incubation period, changes in the concentrations of TOC, major algal fatty acid components (14:0, 16:0, 16:1, 18:1 and 20:5), and n-alkanes (C₁₆–C₂₃) were quantified in the samples. Our results indicate that the organic matters were degraded more rapidly in oxic than anoxic conditions. Adsorption of fatty acids onto clay minerals was a rapid and reversible process. Using a simple G model, we calculated the decomposition rate constants for TOC, n-alkanes and fatty acids which ranged from 0.017–0.024 d⁻¹, 0.049–0.103 d⁻¹ and 0.011 to 0.069 d⁻¹, respectively. Algal organic matter degraded in two stages characterized by a fast and a slow degradation processes. The addition of clay minerals montmorillonite and kaolinite to the sediments showed significant influence affecting the decomposition processes of algal TOC and fatty acids by adsorption and incorporation of the compounds with clay particles. Adsorption/association of fatty acids by clay minerals was rapid but appeared to be a slow reversible process. In addition to the sediment redox and clay influence, the structure of the compounds also played important roles in affecting their degradation dynamic in sediments.     

山东莱芜接触交代—热液铁矿矿体形态研究

在对莱芜接触交代铁矿地质特征研究中发现以往地质报告在矿体连接上存在混乱,使矿体形态失真。为便于今后矿体对比和成矿规律的认识,提出了矿体形态分类原则,并以三分法对矿体形态进行分类。指出矿体产状变化是矿体膨胀收缩、分支复合和尖灭再现的结果。根据矿体形态分类指出了找矿方向。不同的矿体形态反映不同的控矿构造,反映不同的矿体规模,反映不同的成矿岩体形态产状。单斜缓倾矿体的成矿岩体是岩床,控矿较小;陡倾矿体和背向斜矿体的成矿岩体是岩盖,控矿较大。     

基于Item2Vec负采样优化的专题地图产品个性化推荐方法研究

建立适用于专题地图产品检索的用户偏好推荐模型是提高专题地图质量的有效方式之一,在专题地图产品推荐场景中,存在严重的内容冷启动和评论数据稀疏问题,现有的推荐算法无法为特定类用户推荐不同特征的专题地图产品,导致用户从专题地图中获取偏好信息受到限制。因此,本文构建基于负采样的连续词袋模型和基于Word2Vec的Item2Vec相结合的用户偏好推荐方法,用于专题地图产品推荐。① 计算用户行为日志文件中交互行为数据的隐性评分,以代替专题地图推荐信息流场景中稀疏的用户评论数据;② 基于负采样的连续词袋模型提取目标专题地图的前后地图序列感知特征信息,通过控制正负样本比例为1:2,提升目标专题地图潜在评分的预测精度;③ 通过Item2Vec将带有用户行为特征信息的专题地图映射到向量空间,计算用户对专题地图的相似度矩阵,根据用户偏好程度完成推荐。在构建的专题地图评分实验数据集Thematic CMaps和4个公开验证数据集MovieLens上的测试结果表明:与LFM、Personal Rank、Content Based和SVD 4种传统推荐算法相比,本文所提方法可有效提高潜在评分的预测精度,推荐性能最高达到27.85%;与以霍夫曼采样方式的Item2Vec基础方法和YouTubeNet 2种神经网络推荐算法相比,评分预测精度有一定提高,且推荐性能不断提升,最高达到2.97%和5.78%。以经典算法奇异值分解（SVD）为例,将MovieLens-20M数据集切分后,在数据量不断增大的数据子集中,本文所用方法的评分预测精度和性能均优于SVD方法。