Analysis of runoff characteristics in midstream of Yinma River

To use the water resources reasonably in the midstream of Yinma River is of great significance to Changchun City which is short of water. With the runoff data of physical measuring, the paper analyses the characteristics surface rmoff of the area, by means of the groundwater flow numerical simulation, and represents the characteristics of the groundwater runoff in the area. Based on combination analyses of the two runoffs, the authors point out the problem of the water resources use in this area and bring forward a resolution of conjunctive regulation and storage of the surface water and groundwater.     

The Carbon Isotope Fluctuations across the Lower-Middle Jurassic Boundary and the Paleoclimate Changes

正Objective The Qiangtang Basin of Tibetan Plateau most widely outcrops marine Jurassic strata in China,even in eastern Asian,and the Jurassic strata and ammonites' occurrence are in favor of researching evolution of paleoceanography in the Tethyan region and global stratigraphic comparison.     

Remote Sensing Inversion for Simulation of Soil Salinization Based on Hyperspectral Data and Ground Analysis in Yinchuan,China

The Pingluo area, as an experimental study area in Yinchuan, has been subjected to major environmental degradation due to soil salinization problems. Soil salinization is one of the main problems of land degradation in arid and semiarid regions. In the present study, remote sensing was integrated with mathematical modeling to evaluate soil salinization adequately. To detect soil salinization, soil water content and electrical conductivity of soil samples were analyzed. The reflectance of soil samples was measured using a spectrometer (SR-3500) with 1024 bands. Indices of soil salinity, vegetation and drought were analyzed using Landsat images over the study area. Based on Landsat images, physicochemical analysis, reflectance of sensitive bands for soil salinization and environmental indices, canopy response salinity index (CRSI), perpendicular drought index (PDI) and enhanced normalized difference vegetation index (ENDVI), a new model was established for simulation and prediction of soil salinization in the study area. Correlation analyses and multiple regression methods were used to construct an accurate model. The results showed that green, blue and near-infrared light was significantly correlated with soil salinity and that the spectral parameters improved this correlation significantly. Therefore, the model was more effective when combining spectral parameters with sensitive bands with modeling. After mathematical transformation of soil reflectance, the correlations of bands sensitive to soil salinization were 0.739 and 0.7 for electrical conductivity and water content, respectively. After transformation of vegetation reflectance, the correlation coefficient of soil salinity became 0.577. After inversion of the model based on soil hyperspectral and water content, the significance became 0.871 and 0.726, respectively, which can be used to predict soil salinity and water content. The spectral soil salinity model had a coefficient of 0.739 for soil salinity prediction. Among the salinity indices, the CRSI was selected as the most significant, with R² of 0.571, whereas the R² for PDI reached only 0.484. Among the vegetation indices, the ENDVI had the highest response to soil salinity, with R² of 0.577. After scale conversion, the correlation percentages between CRSI and measured soil salinity and between ENDVI and measured soil salinity increased to 16.2% and 8.5%, respectively. Following the correlation between PDI and soil water content, the percentage of correlation increased to 11.6%. The integration of hyperspectral remote sensing, ground methods and an inversion method for salinity is a very important and effective technique for rapid and nondestructive monitoring of soil salinization.

     

浅谈三星组合定位技术在大面积1∶500地形图测量中的应用

随着我国北斗卫星导航系统的投入使用,重庆开展了北斗系统的应用研究。三星组合定位技术是基于单系统的GNSS定位测量及网络RTK测量技术,以及BDS、GPS、GLONASS多系统的互相兼容、互操作的实现。三星组合定位技术大大提高了重庆丘陵地区及山地城市1∶500地形图测量的效率。     

中德国土资源领域合作评述与展望

中德两国视对方为战略伙伴,对世界和平、稳定与繁荣共同承担重要责任.两国商定,加强双边、中欧框架内和国际组织中的合作,并愿为国际热点问题寻求创新的可持续解决方案.中德各领域的合作不断加深.近年来,中国国土资源部与德国有关政府部门、科研机构及高校开展了长期友好合作,建立了良好的部际合作机制,并通过政策对话、项目合作、技术交流、培训、研讨等方式开展交流合作.在地质矿产领域、土地领域的交流合作取得了重要成果.本文对中德两国国土资源领域的重点合作进行了研究,介绍了两国国土资源领域的合作现状,并对进一步开展合作提出了建议.     

Li2SO4溶液中离子间的缔合相互作用:基于密度泛函理论和分子动力学模拟的研究

基于密度泛函理论,使用B3LYP/aVDZ方法对[Li_2SO_4(H_2O)_n]~0(n=0~10、18)水合团簇的结构和性质进行了系统地研究,并结合Car-Parrinello分子动力学(CPMD)模拟了不同浓度的Li_2SO_4溶液结构,目的在于理解在Li_2SO_4溶液中离子间缔合相互作用及可能存在的物种。研究发现,对于[Li_2SO_4(H_2O)_n]~0(n=0~10、18)水合团簇,双配位单齿螯合接触离子对结构比双配位双齿螯合接触离子对结构更稳定,溶剂共享离子对结构最不稳定。同时,CPMD模拟结果表明,在3.09和3.17 mol/kg的Li_2SO_4溶液中,双配位单齿螯合接触离子对结构仍然是主要物种。以上结果表明在饱和的Li_2SO_4溶液(3.16 mol/kg)中,Li~+和SO_4~(2-)离子间的相互缔合作用主要以双配位单齿螯合接触离子对结构的物种存在,而具有双配位双齿螯合离子对结构的物种占少数,溶剂共享离子对结构几乎不存在。     

基于块数据的社会治理云平台研究与实现

针对当前基层社会治理所面临的主要问题,利用GIS技术实现空间信息与社会治理数据资源的关联融合,按照管理层级构建底数明朗的社会治理数据底板.以深圳市南山区为例,设计并开发了基于块数据的社会治理云平台,建立了任务分配、事件分拨、指挥调度、考核评价等功能模块,通过数据驱动基层工作,以信息化建设助力基层社会治理精细化、智能化水...     

导航星座抗毁路由方法与技术研究

基于分群管理、群首备份、链路冗余、链路修补的二代导航卫星网络组网结构,提出并设计了一种基于GEO星层、MEO星层、地面节点联合组网的抗毁路由算法（DRRA）。基于二代导航动态卫星网络中卫星移动的动态卫星网络中,提出的DRRA算法在定位信号稳定、数据包路由抗毁、数据包路由最短延时等方面具有优势,并分析了其主要原因。     

2014秭归4.5、4.7级地震前小震活动特征研究

2014-03-27、30湖北秭归4.5、4.7级地震前,震中区附近发生过多次微小地震活动。双差精定位显示,这些小震集中分布在仙女山断裂北段西边次级小断裂附近(区域一)和北端端部(区域二)。结合近场地震波谱分析和区域地质构造特征认为,区域一的微小震主要为浅表塌陷事件,区域二的多数为构造地震事件。将区域二15次ML1.2以上事件震源机制解参数统计结果与该地区3次4级以上主震震源机制比较显示,两者的节面走向均为NNW和NE,力轴(P轴和T轴)的方位与倾角也基本一致,总体上均与区域应力场方向基本一致,反映了两者受力方式具有一致性,但两者的破裂滑动方式有差异,可能与仙女山断裂受库水作用活化的影响有关。     

中亚热带植物排放甲烷研究初报

甲烷(CH4)是大气中第二大温室气体,近年有研究发现在有氧条件下陆生植物也能排放CH4.本研究对中亚热带51种树木离体叶片在有氧环境下进行室内培养,发现21种植物能排放CH4,CH4排放速率范围为0.11～1.37 ngCH4.g-1 DW.h-1,平均排放速率为0.59ngCH4.g-1DW.h-1.植物是否排放CH4及其排放速率与观测条件密切相关.观测的51种植物中包括40种乔木树种和11种灌木树种,分别有15种和6种植物可排放CH4,CH4平均排放速率分别为0.69 CH4.g-1DW.h-1和0.30 ngCH4.g-1DW.h-1,且乔木和灌木之间存在极显著差异(P<0.05).