梅雨锋锋生过程的诊断分析

本文分析了一次梅雨锋的锋生过程,并利用锋生函数和温度平衡方程,讨论了影响梅雨锋形成和维持的因子。结果表明:感热加热是使江淮流域低层锋区消失的主要原因,潜热加热以及水平运动造成的变形是维持梅雨锋存在的重要因素。     

中小企业集群信息技术应用及其影响因素分析——以温岭市鞋业集群为例

近年来, 信息技术的广泛应用正在对产业集群的形成和发展产生着深刻的影响。基于现 代信息技术所形成的网络联系逐渐成为产业集群关系网络的主要内容之一, 是深刻理解产业集 群演化和升级机制的重要方面。特别是, 信息技术可以使产业集群内中小企业空间联系的范围扩 大、时间成本下降, 为其走向全球市场提供便利的条件。本文首先回顾了我国企业信息技术应用 的发展过程与具体形式, 并在此基础上阐述了影响中小企业集群中信息技术应用的主要因素, 最 后以浙江省温岭市鞋业集群为案例分析了这些因素的具体作用。     

西藏冈底斯带昂仁县差绒—丁欧复式花岗岩的成因：锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学制约

西藏冈底斯带昂仁县措迈乡差绒—丁欧复式花岗岩岩石类型为石英闪长岩、黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩,各侵入体之间为突变接触关系,闪长岩U- Pb同位素年龄为155.4±2.7Ma;黑云二长花岗岩U- Pb同位素年龄为152.0±13Ma、153.96±0.92Ma,时代均为晚侏罗世。岩石地球化学显示三者均为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,石英闪长岩为弱铝质―准铝质;黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩则为准铝质—过铝质。黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩相比石英闪长岩表现为富硅、富碱、贫Ca、Ti、Mg,轻稀土元素更富集,轻稀土分馏程度更高,分异更加明显的特点,微量元素二长花岗岩Ba、Sr、P、Ti亏损最为明显,黑云二长花岗岩的Rb、Th、K富集最为明显,石英闪长岩相比黑云二长花岗岩和二长花岗岩的Rb/Sr（0.18~0.46）、Rb/Ba值（0.13~0.26）最低,指示其分异演化程度较低。差绒—丁欧花岗岩应是同时代不同期次侵入的复式岩体,早期为I型的石英闪长岩和黑云二长花岗岩,晚期为S型二长花岗岩,该复式岩体并非产出于单一的俯冲环境,二长花岗岩可能为弧陆碰撞时的产物。     

论卡以头组的时代

中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所的有关人员 (1980 )曾做过大量地层古生物工作 ,证实卡以头砂页岩层或卡以头组的时代为三叠纪最早期 ,是飞仙关组底部地层的相变。“论卡以头组”一文认为该组下部的时代为二叠纪 ,上部则属三叠纪。对该文提供的地层古生物资料进行分析后 ,本文作者认为该论点缺乏证据 ,不能成立 ;将陆相的威宁哲觉剖面代替标准地点宣威羊场的过渡相剖面作为卡以头组的标准剖面 ,也是不合适的     

基于数字图像处理技术的冰川堆积物粒度分析——以川西贡嘎山冰川堆积物为例

冰川堆积物的粒度组成在很大程度上控制了其物理力学性质,但常规试验无法得到连续的冰川堆积物的粒度组成数据.应用数字图像处理技术和室内试验相结合的分析方法,首先借助图像处理技术,对冰川堆积物剖面的砾石形态进行分析.获取粗粒部分(>2cm)的粒度组成,然后采用室内颗分试验获得细粒(<2cm)部分的粒度组成,将2类粒度数据进行叠合即可获取连续的冰川堆积物的粒度组成.结果表明:研究区冰ill堆积物的粒度组成极不均匀且颗粒分析曲线呈现多峰性,具有良好的级配和工程性质;冰川堆积物的粒度组成、砾石形态和排列特征都有很好的分形特征.     

Magnetic minerals in Mid-Pleistocene sediments on the Caiwei Guyot,Northwest Pacific and their response to the Mid-Brunhes climate event

Seamounts are ubiquitous topographic units in global oceans, and their influences on local oceanic circulation have attracted great attention in physical oceanography; however, previous efforts were less made in paleoclimatology and paleoceanography. The Caiwei Guyot in the Magellan Seamounts of the western Pacific is a typical seamount, and in this study, we investigate a well-dated sediment core by magnetic properties to reveal the relationship between deep-sea sedimentary processes and global climate changes. The principal results are as follows: (1) the dominant magnetic minerals in the sediments are low-coercivity magnetite in pseudo-single domain range, probably including a biogenic contribution; (2) the variabilities of magnetic parameters can be clustered into two sections at ～500 ka, and the differences between the two units are evident in amplitudes and means; (3) changes in the grainsize-dependent magnetic parameters can be well correlated to records of global ice volume and atmospheric CO2 in the middle Pleistocene. Based on these results, a close linkage was proposed between deep-sea sedimentary processes in the Caiwei Guyot and global climate changes. This linkage likely involves different roles of biogenic magnetite in the sediments between interglacial and glacial intervals, responding to changes in marine productivity and deep-sea circulation and displaying a major change in the Mid-Brunhes climate event. Therefore, we proposed that the sedimentary archives at the bottom of the Caiwei Guyot record some key signals of global climate changes, providing a unique window to observe interactions between various environmental systems on glacial-interglacial timescales.     

δ18O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau

The 213 m ice core from the Puruogangri Ice Field on the Tibetan Plateau facilitates the study of the regional temperature changes with its δ18O record of the past 100 years. Here we combine information from this core with that from the Dasuopu ice core (from the southern Tibetan Plateau), the Guliya ice core (from the northwestern Plateau) and the Dunde ice core (from the northeastern Plateau) to learn about the regional differences in temperature change across the Tibetan Plateau. The δ18O changes vary with region on the Plateau, the variations being especially large between South and North and between East and West. Moreover, these four ice cores present increasing δ18O trends, indicating warming on the Tibetan Plateau over the past 100 years. A comparative study of Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature changes, the δ18O-reflected temperature changes on the Plateau, and available meteorological records show consistent trends in overall warming during the past 100 years.     

长三角城市群“空间流”层级功能结构——基于高铁客运数据的分析

高铁作为城市群内部物质与信息交流的基础设施,是城市扩展和城市间相互联系的重要通道,而城市群则是被高铁系统压缩了空间的众多城市空间。本文通过采集长三角城市群380个高速铁路客运数据建构20×20的矩阵,建立了基于高铁客流的长三角城市群城市间联系的矩阵,并在此基础上对长三角城市群内外空间结构进行深入分析。结果表明：①长三角城市群核心城市上海、南京、杭州、宁波间城市网络联系密度高于其他廊道城市间联系;②长三角城市群核心城市向外延伸的轴线联系加强,主要表现为上海与镇江、嘉兴,南京与丹阳、湖州,苏州与常州、昆山等城市间联系紧凑;③在城市群“空间流”分层方面：第一层级主要分布在长三角地区“沪—苏—锡—常”及其沿线;第二层级城市网络主要由“沪—宁”及其沿线路线构成;第三层级城市网络主要由“沪—杭—甬”及其沿线路线构成;第四层级城市网络主要由上海—金华—义乌及其沿线路线构成。     

A Numerical Simulation Study of Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Breakthrough Pressure of CO2 in Unsaturated Low-permeability Rock Core

Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock, and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO2 geological storage. Based on the published experimental results, we present numerical simulations on CO2 breakthrough pressure in unsaturated low-permeability rock under 9 multiple P-T conditions (which can keep CO2 in gaseous, liquid and supercritical states) and thus, a numerical method which can be used to accurately predict CO2 breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale is proposed. The simulation results show that CO2 breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time are exponential correlated with P-T conditions. Meanwhile, pressure has stronger effects on experimental results than that of temperature. Moreover, we performed sensitivity studies on the pore distribution index λ (0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) in van Genuchten-Muale model. Results show that with the increase of λ, CO2 breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time both show decreasing trends. In other words, the larger the value of λ is, the better the permeability of the caprock is, and the worse the CO2 sealing capacity is. The numerical method established in this study can provide an important reference for the prediction of gas breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale and for related numerical studies.     

饱和粉土液化特性的大型振动台模型试验研究

京沪高速铁路徐沪段路基的粉土粘粒含量少于1.5%、粉粒含量约为80%,在强烈地震作用下存在着液化可能性.为充分研究这一饱和粉土地层的液化特性,本文作者利用大型地震模拟振动台,进行了模拟自由场地饱和粉土的地震液化模型试验,试验结果再现了自然地震触发的粉土液化的各种宏观震害现象,揭示了饱和粉土的地震液化规律和特征。试验结果为京沪高速铁路徐沪段路基的抗震设计提供了参考依据。