重心转移曲线在时空演化模式表达中的应用

探讨了一种利用重心模型进行时空演化模式定量化表达的方法,并以湖南省1983～1992年疟疾发病空间分布数据为例,通过计算每年度疟疾重心坐标,生成疟疾重心转移曲线,定量地表达湖南省疟疾的时空演化过程。将此方法结果与空间自相关分析结果进行比较,发现两者基本一致。多尺度的重心转移曲线实验结果表明,此方法的尺度效应不明显。     

A 3-dimensional data model for visualizing cloverleaf junction in a city model

The research work has been seldom done about cloverleaf junction expression in a 3-dimensional city model (3DCM). The main reason is that the cloverleaf junction is often in a complex and enormous construction. Its main body is bestraddle in air, and has aerial intersections between its parts. This complex feature made cloverleaf junction quite different from buildings and terrain, therefore, it is difficult to express this kind of spatial objects in the same way as for buildings and terrain. In this paper, authors analyze spatial characteristics of cloverleaf junction, propose an all-constraint points TIN algorithm to partition cloverleaf junction road surface, and develop a method to visualize cloverleaf junction road, surface using TIN. In order to manage cloverleaf junction data efficiently, the authors also analyzed the mechanism of 3DCM data management, extended BLOB type in relational database, and combined R-tree index to manage 3D spatial data. Based on this extension, an appropriate data structure for cloverleaf junction in 3DCM is proposed.     

Integrated data processing method for GPS and INS field test over Rocky Mountain

The method of integrated data processing for GPS and INS(inertial navigation system) field test over the Rocky Mountains using the adaptive Kalman filtering technique is presented. On the basis of the known GPS outputs and the offset of GPS and INS, state equations and observations are designed to perform the calculation and improve the navigation accuracy. An example shows that with the method the reliable navigation parameters have been obtained.     

不同NeQuick电离层模型参数的应用精度分析

Galileo采用NeQuick作为全球广播电离层模型,其实际应用中以有效电离水平因子Az代替太阳活动指数作为NeQuick的输入参数,并利用二次多项式拟合得到广播星历中播发的3个电离层参数。本文在总结和讨论NeQuick模型参数估计方法及其变化特征的基础上,分别以全球电离层格网、GPS基准站及JASON-2测高卫星提供的电离层TEC为参考,分析不同NeQuick模型参数(包括以太阳活动参数F10.7为输入的NeQuick2、以本文解算参数为输入的NeQuickC和以Galileo广播电离层参数为输入的NeQuickG)在全球大陆及海洋地区的应用精度,并与GPS广播的Klobuchar模型对比。结果表明,NeQuickG在全球范围内的修正精度为54.2%~65.8%,NeQuickC的修正精度为71.1%~74.2%,NeQuick2的修正精度与NeQuickG相当,略优于GPS广播星历中播发的Klobuchar模型。     

基于华浩超算平台遥感影像几何校正研究——以资源一号02C数据为例

对多源遥感影像进行几何校正是遥感影像应用的重要环节,以往的遥感影像利用人工或半自动的方式进行几何校正时,存在校正结果难以预料,控制点精度不可控,二次校正过程中控制点利用效率较低等问题。本文基于以上问题,利用华浩超算平台,对资源一号02C卫星10 m多光谱影像和2.36 m全色影像进行几何校正。试验证明华浩超算平台的实时几何校正模块,可以对每一个精校正后控制点的精度进行实时控制,并有效地解决了控制点利用效率低的问题。     

基于地面三维激光扫描数据的快速建模

三维激光扫描技术具有速度快、精度高、自动化程度高并且不与物体直接接触等诸多优点,现已应用于古建筑保护、数字城市、工业生产、地形测绘等不同领域。本文利用地面三维激光扫描仪对校内樱花园手形建筑物进行扫描,获取该目标物的点云数据,并对获取的点云数据进行拼接、去噪处理。同时,利用点云数据处理软件Geomagic对目标物进行快速的三维模型重建并达到了预期的效果。     

利用居民地聚类和缓冲区分析完善道路网眼

对于十分规则的道路网(城市道路)来说构造网眼是十分容易的,且得到的道路网眼完整性较高,然而对于乡村道路,由于数据采集习惯或数据质量的影响,道路在居民地附近容易断开,导致计算机不能构造完整的网眼。本文针对这个问题,提出了利用居民地聚类和缓冲区分析的方法辅助道路网眼的构建,从而提高了乡镇郊区道路网眼的完整性,为采用网眼合并的方式进行综合的方法,以及各种基于网眼的空间分析提供了有效支撑。     

捷联惯性导航系统算法简化机制

随着低精度惯性导航系统的广泛使用,算法简化也成了研究热点。本文通过实验来验证简化导航算法对于不同惯导尤其是低精度惯导的可行性,这对实时性应用有很大影响。通过对以上内容的介绍,希望可以为进一步研究捷联算法、低精度惯导的实时应用提供一定的参考。     

Multi‐scale approach to mining significant spatial co‐location patterns

Spatial co‐location pattern mining aims to discover a collection of Boolean spatial features, which are frequently located in close geographic proximity to each other. Existing methods for identifying spatial co‐location patterns usually require users to specify two thresholds, i.e. the prevalence threshold for measuring the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns and distance threshold to search the spatial co‐location patterns. However, these two thresholds are difficult to determine in practice, and improper thresholds may lead to the misidentification of useful patterns and the incorrect reporting of meaningless patterns. The multi‐scale approach proposed in this study overcomes this limitation. Initially, the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns is measured statistically by using a significance test, and a non‐parametric model is developed to construct the null distribution of features with the consideration of spatial auto‐correlation. Next, the spatial co‐location patterns are explored at multi‐scales instead of single scale (or distance threshold) discovery. The validity of the co‐location patterns is evaluated based on the concept of lifetime. Experiments on both synthetic and ecological datasets show that spatial co‐location patterns are discovered correctly and completely by using the proposed method; on the other hand, the subjectivity in discovery of spatial co‐location patterns is reduced significantly.     

风云卫星遥感数据高精度地理定位软件系统开发研究

为了适应风云气象卫星遥感数据高精度地理定位要求,在研究和比较分析现有环境气象卫星遥感数据地理定位方法,尤其对其中关键的轨道计算模型进行对比研究之后,我们使用变阶变步长多步卫星轨道数值计算模型(DE/DEABM)进行气象卫星轨道计算,研制开发了新一代卫星轨道计算及遥感数据地理定位软件系统.该软件系统中卫星轨道数值积分计算模型包含了多项摄动因素计算,特别是对低轨卫星影响较大的因素,其中地球的球形引力项使用了高精度高阶EGM-96地球引力场模型,提高了非球形引力摄动计算精度,另外还考虑了太阳、月亮引力项,辐射光压摄动和大气摄动因素,使得轨道计算精度大大提高.在遥感数据定位算法开发工作中,以中国2002年5月发射的风云1号D星10通道扫描辐射计和计划2008年上半年发射的风云3号A卫星中分辨率光谱成像仪等遥感仪器为对象,比较详细地分析和研究了探测器、焦平面、主光学系统和扫描镜等遥感仪器几大关键部件的光学几何关系,提高了坐标转换系统计算精度.经过对风云1号D星多天逐日的轨道计算和定位计算试验,结果表明该软件系统24h风云1号D星轨道计算卫星矢径精度可达到几十厘米至几十米,较原来平根数分析解方法1000m左右精度有显著量级的提高.同时,风云1号D星遥感数据地理定位精度达到星下点1个像元.