苏北平原2.58Ma以来的海陆环境演变历史* ——宝应钻孔沉积物的常量元素记录

苏北盆地是一个以箕状断陷为特点的复合型沉积盆地。文章根据2004年夏采集的苏北盆地宝应钻孔(BY1)97m沉积物的124个样品11种常量元素SiO₂,Al₂O₃,TiO₂,Fe₂O₃,MgO,MnO,CaO,K₂O,Na₂O,P₂O₅和SO₂的地球化学特征分析,探讨了海相沉积环境与陆相沉积环境的元素分布特点、成因、相互之间的联系和物质来源。根据沉积物常量元素含量的垂向变化,结合沉积相、岩性特征、有孔虫分析、古地磁及¹⁴ C定年,分析了苏北盆地2.58Ma以来不同阶段海陆交互作用下的常量元素变化特点,反映了苏北平原在第四纪曾经历了4次海水淹覆, 海-陆交互堆积作用明显, 经滨浅海→泻湖→湖泊→洼地,最后由河流冲积物覆盖成陆。     

滇池水-沉积物界面磷形态分布及潜在释放特征

通过现场调查和室内模拟实验,对滇池35个上覆水-沉积物磷的分布特征以及沉积物中磷释放动力学特征进行研究,结果表明:滇池表层沉积物中不同形态磷含量表现为:有机磷(OP)(1482.49±1156.82 mg/kg)钙结合态磷(Ca-P)(865.54±558.40 mg/kg)金属氧化物结合态磷(Al-P)(463.77±662.18 mg/kg)残渣态磷(Res-P)(218.52±83.11 mg/kg)可还原态磷(Fe-P)(128.13±101.56 mg/kg)弱吸附态磷(NH4Cl-P)(2.26±3.05 mg/kg);滇池上覆水草海总磷浓度处于劣Ⅳ类水平,外海不同湖区总磷浓度介于Ⅳ~Ⅴ类之间;滇池水体中的磷以颗粒态磷含量最高;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放是由快反应和慢反应两部分组成.释放过程主要发生在前8 h内;不同区域沉积物磷的最大释放速率、最大释放量、磷的释放潜力平均值均表现为:草海外海北部外海南部湖心区;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放主要由NH4Cl-P、Fe-P、Al-P和OP进行,其中,NH4Cl-P和Fe-P所占比重较大;磷的释放与上覆水中溶解性总磷、溶解态无机磷和溶解态有机磷呈显著正相关,预示着上覆水中磷的迁移转化更多地受到水-沉积物界面浓度梯度的控制,进一步说明不能以总磷含量来评价湖泊磷素释放的状况,需与磷形态及分布特征相结合进行分析.     

中国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴、阳离子的来源研究

Snowpacks samples were colleted from two glaciers： Baishui No.1 glacier and Hailuogou No.1 glacier in June, 2006. The method of sea-salt ions tracer, correlation analysis and trend analysis were used in this research in order to confirm the source of main ions, it is indicated that Na^＋ is mainly from marine moisture and other ions mainly originate from land dust. The non-marine source percent of Cl^-, NO3^- , SO4^2-, K^＋, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ is 52%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99.9% and 83%, respectively, in Hailuogou No.1 glacier, while the corresponding value in Baishui No.1 glacier is 68%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99% and 59%. The non-marine source of ions is from dust of Central Asia arid regions carried by westerly circulation and the plateau borne-areas with Qinghai-Tibet Plateau winter monsoon in two glacial areas. However, the import of local dust in glacial area has made a great contribution to ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier, which accounts for the reason why the ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier is much higher than that of Hailuogou No.1 glacier. It is obvious that the source of each ion is different between Hailuogou No.1 glacier and Baishui No.1 glacier. There are three reasons which can explain it： firstly, the difference in the internal environment of glacial area, such as lithology, mountain-valley wind system, topographical relief and so on; secondly, the influence exerted by ions elution in snowpacks section, and ions elution in Hailuogou No.1 glacier is very strong; and thirdly, the difference caused due to varying ions transporting styles, deposition modes, chemical characteristics and post-ions-deposition process.     

新集矿井二含水位动态特征及水源地开发

在分析新集矿井二含水的动态特征、富水性,以及二含与一含、三含和基岩之间的水力联系的基础上,对二含富水性进行了分区,提出了木源地的开发和水源井合理布置建议。     

高斯-克吕格投影混合坐标变换模型研究

在高斯克吕格投影正反解坐标变换常系数公式的基础上, 推导出了高斯克吕格投影混合坐标变换模型。这种模型的特点是常系数公式, 是为适应计算机测量数据处理、计算机制图、ＧＩＳ需要而提出的新算法。     

一类新的变比例尺地图投影——组合投影研究

以常用地图投影为基础,通过组合投影方法,得到一类新的变比例尺地图投影。该研究开拓了常用地图投影的功能和应用范围,获得了系统的理论结果和应用实例。     

Spatial information recognizing of ocean eddies based on virtual force field and its application

A new approach to detecting ocean eddies automatically from remote sensing imageries based on the ocean eddy's eigen-pattern in remote sensing imagery and "force field-based shape extracting method" is proposed. First, the analysis on extracting eddies' edges from remote sensing imagery using conventional edge detection arithmetic operators is performed and returns digitized vector edge data as a result. Second, attraction forces and fusion forces between edge curves were analyzed and calculated based on the vector eddy edges. Thirdly, the virtual significant spatial patterns of eddy were detected automatically using iterative repetition followed by optimized rule. Finally, the spatial form auto-detection of different types of ocean eddies was done using satellite images. The study verified that this is an effective way to identify and detect the ocean eddy with a complex form.     

广东省阳江抽水蓄能电站二维工程场址对设计地震动的影响分析

以广东阳江蓄能电站为例,通过建立可考虑二维复杂工程场地影响的显式有限元结合人工边界的计算模型,给出了二维复杂场地条件对该场地条件一维等效线性化结果的修正值。该分析模型除可以充分考虑二维复杂场地条件、计算效率非线性对场地的影响及吸能边界等多种因素外,还具有计算简单,结果合理等优点。     

长牡蛎贝壳损伤后的再固着能力初探

牡蛎是重要的养殖贝类,营固着生活,能聚集形成牡蛎礁,在海洋生态系统中发挥着重要作用。本研究以成体长牡蛎为研究对象,将牡蛎从附着基上剥离下来,去掉其左壳腹缘端的表面鳞片并打磨平整,露出棱柱层,将其紧密粘合于水泥砖、橡胶片、磨砂玻璃三种固着基表面,背缘端用水泥固定,观察并记录牡蛎贝壳的修复及再固着情况。结果发现：左壳损伤后,在贝壳边缘会生长出新的透明壳膜,此时壳膜虽然会紧靠固着基表面生长,但却不能再次固着;将牡蛎从固着基上剥离下来,在三种固着基表面均未发现有“附着斑”形成。因此,为了进一步研究左壳损伤后贝壳修复的分子机制以及不能再次固着的原因,对长牡蛎左壳损伤后的外套膜转录组进行了分析,发现在损伤后的第1 d、第5 d、第9 d、第13 d、第17 d和第21 d,左侧外套膜中差异上调表达的基因显著富集在TGF-β等信号通路,而下调表达的基因显著富集在对温度以及对非生物刺激反应相关通路。通过基因表达数据,还发现壳损伤后Cgfmp、CgTyr、EGF-P1等与黏附相关的基因呈下调表达,这可能是导致成体长牡蛎无法再次固着的原因。长牡蛎贝壳损伤后再固着能力的研究,为贝类生物矿化、附着等机制的研究...     

PDS型地震仪自动校钟同步装置研制

为使原本用于人工地震测深野外数据采集的PDS型地震仪能够适用于超密集流动台阵野外观测,设计了一种基于Apollo2微控制器的具备GNSS校钟同步和仪器工作参数动态设置功能的外置即插即用式自动控制装置.经室内测试运行和野外比对测试实验,该装置运行稳定可靠,能满足野外超密集台阵长期连续工作的需要.