天山上地幔结构及其对壳内构造运动的作用

以深部地球物理资料为基础,介绍了天山地震带上地幔的基本结构,讨论了天山不同地区上地幔介质的动力学性质和可能的驱动机制。认为水平挤压形变是造成西天山和天山毗邻西昆仑附近区域上地幔岩石圈缩短和增厚的主要原因;而在中天山和东天山靠近准噶尔盆地南缘一带,除了板块运动造成的水平挤压力之外,上地幔热物质有可能上浮甚至侵入到地壳之中。它们与水平运动一样,对壳内脆性介质的构造活动起到非常重要的作用,特别是地壳底部莫霍面附近的低速滑脱层成为震源区深部构造的一个明显标志。此外,自从印度 亚洲大陆碰撞以来,天山部分地区固结冷却的山根有可能在多重挤压变形和小尺度热对流的共同作用下,脱离它们的原有的层位而沉入上地幔     

藕塘古滑体在三峡水库形成后的稳定性分析

采用极限平衡和三维弹塑性有限元分析方法,对藕塘古滑体在三峡水库形成后的稳定性进行了计算分析。计算中考虑了水库水位变化、渗透压力、建筑荷载以及地震等诸多因素对滑体稳定性的影响,并给出了滑体失稳的临界破坏条件,为库区移民迁建新址的勘察工作提供了量化的论证。     

The introduction of neural network system and its applications in rock engineering

The neural network system has been developing very fast recently. It has been widely used in many industries such as automation, nuclear power plant, chemical industry, etc. Neural network systems have a great advantage in dealing with problems in which many factors influence the process and result, and the understanding of this process is poor, and there are experimental data or field data. In rock engineering, many problems are of this nature. In this paper, a brief introduction to neural network systems is given. Problems such as what is a neural network, how it works and what kind of advantages it has are discussed. After this, several applications in rock engineering, made by us, are presented. Case 1 is ore boundary delineation. In this case, the rock are divided into three classes, i.e.: (1) waste rock; (2) semi-ore; and (3) ore for mining purposes. The neural network system built can judge whether it is ore, semi-ore or waste rock along the borehole according its corresponding geophysical logging data, such as gamma-ray, gamma-gamma, neutron and resistivity. Case 2 is aggregate quality prediction. In this case, the quality parameters: (1) impact value; (2) abrasion value I; and (3) abrasion value II are predicted by using a neural network system based on density, point load, content of quarts and content of brittle minerals. Case 3 is rock indentation depth prediction. In this case, the rock indentation depth under indentation load is predicted by the established neural network system based on the indentation load on rock, indenter type and rock mechanical properties, such as uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus. Poisson's ratio, critical energy release rate and density. In all these cases, the neural network systems have been applied successfully. The testing results are satisfactory and better than the existing techniques.     

1996年包头西6.4级地震震兆特征的特殊性

１９９６年包头西６．４级地震是一次十分重要的地震,又是一个非常特殊的地震。集二十多年对强震前主要震兆特征和地震活动图像演化的认识,无论在６．４级地震前看到的,还是震后震例总结的,种种震兆异常基本集中在临河地区,而不是包头地区。     

人的自然与自然的人——21世纪人口与资源环境可持续发展

２０世纪是人类物质文明最发达的时代,但也是地球生态环境和自然资源遭到破坏最为严重时期。不可持续的经济畸增的产生和消费模式使人类生存和发展面临严峻挑战。传统工业是一柄福音和灾祸的双刃剑,中国并不庞大的工业由于先天不足、粗放外延发展等原因过早地走入了破坏自然生态、人口急剧膨胀、环境污染不断加剧的尴尬境地,有可能重蹈发达国家“经济腾飞,公害泛滥”的覆辙。本文提出人口、生态、资源、环境、社会、经济、文明可持续发展新思路及可操作性对策是当务之急。     

鲁西茌平背斜构造带的演化及其古生界原生油气勘探前景

鲁西茌平背斜构造带被夹持在东侧寿张凹降和西侧监清坳陷的莘县凹陷之间,处于“凹中之隆”的有利勘探位置。该构造带的演化受西侧兰聊断裂活动的严格控制,晚三叠世,该断裂的产生接开背斜带演化的序幕。兰聊断裂的燕山期具右旋平移性质,使区内北北东向次级正断层发育,构造带基本定型。该带是相邻两凹限油气运移的主要指向地区,两凹陷内含下古生界开阔（局限）海相烃源岩和上古生界煤系源岩;带内下古生介顶部风化壳为良好储层;     

On Fundamentals Predicting Floods-Landslides

ＣＯＮＣＥＰＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＨＥＡＶＹＦＬＯＯＤＳＣＡＵＳＩＮＧＬＡＮＤ┐ＳＬＩＤＥ／ＳＬＩＤＥＴｈｅｒｅａｒｅｍａｎｙｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｓ／ｈａｚａｒｄｓｏｃｃｕｒｉｎｇｏｎｔｈｅｅａｒｔｈ’ｓｓｕｒｆａｃｅ．Ｔｈｅｓｅｅｖｅｎｔｓｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄａ...     

云南腾冲硅灰石矿物学特征研究

本文对云南腾冲硅灰石的矿物学特征进行研究表明,硅灰石－１Ｔｒ呈针状、纤维状,化学成分接近理论值,有害成分含量低,且具有纯度、白度高,低吸油率、低吸水率、低膨胀系数等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

1996年8月8日闽西地区特大暴雨过程分析

本文研究了9601号热带风暴减弱为低压环流后引起突发性大暴雨的成因。结果表明：9610号热带风暴减弱后的低压环流移支福建省南部地区,造成闽西地区湿斜压锋区和不稳定能量明显增强,在低压西侧辐合线所提供的福合上升运动激发下,中尺度对流云团迅速发展,导致远离低压中心的闽西突发大暴雨。闽西特殊的地形对特大暴雨的产生起了组织和增幅作用。另外,还通过逐时数字红外云团图的分析,揭示中尺度对流云团发展演变特征与突发性大暴雨的关系,供日常短时预报参考。     

若尔盖等地风能资源评价

本文用平均风速和最大风速法对若尔盖等三地的韦伯分布参数k、c进行估算,并用韦伯分布计算风能的指标。计算表明:若尔盖、红原属风能可利用区,用风力发电是有利用价值的;阿坝属风能贫乏地区。