沧东—南皮凹陷孔店期古盐度与古环境演化

内陆封闭湖泊的盐度与湖平面具有同步反向变化的特点,通过古盐度研究可推测沉积时期的古气候状况。通过Sr/Ba、Th/U含量比值及C、O同位素的含量变化分析,对沧东—南皮凹陷孔店期各层序古盐度的变化进行系统研究,结合孢粉及岩性组合,推断该区孔店期的水体性质及各层序间古环境的演化。综合认为孔店期整体水体性质为半咸—微咸水,水体深度呈浅→深→浅的变化规律,古气候变化特征为半干旱→湿润→半干旱→干旱气候。     

基于SAAS与NSCAT后向散射差异的南极冰盖变化监测

雪的微波散射特性与液态水存在着密切的联系,由于融化导致的液态水成分增大将导致雪层后向散射大大降低。利用南极地区同季相SAAS(1978)和NSCAT(1996)Ku波段散射计数据进行差分处理,得出后向散射发生显著变化的地区。以EllsworthLand为例,结合自动气象站历史数据记录,得出该地区后向散射减弱部分源于气温升高融化加剧的结论。     

复合动力钻进工艺在干热岩钻井中的应用研究

2011年山东省地矿局在山东省利津县实施了国内第一个干热岩调查评价项目,采用转盘回转钻进,但钻效低、能耗高。为提高在高温硬岩条件下的钻进效率、缩短钻井周期、降低生产成本,2015年在福建省漳州市实施的中国地质调查局东南沿海深部地热HDR-1干热岩科学钻探工程井（井深4000.86 m,孔底温度109 ℃）和2017年在青海省共和县完成的GR1干热岩科学勘探井（井深3705 m,孔底温度236 ℃）,在施工中均探索使用了“转盘+螺杆钻具”复合钻进工艺,并在高温取心段首次测试应用了“转盘+涡轮钻具”复合取心钻进工艺,取得了良好的效果并就下一步研究方向提出了意见和建议,为螺杆钻具和涡轮钻具的深入研究提供了宝贵的高温施工经验,也将为我国干热岩科学钻探与深部地热资源勘探提供新的技术支撑。     

铜陵天马山硫金矿床地质特征及成因探讨

天马山硫金矿床的矿体分为层状矿体、接触带矿体和穿层矿体。层状矿体和穿层矿体受石炭系黄龙组、船山组地层层位和层间断裂控制。接触带矿体受接触带控制 ,具矽卡岩型矿体典型特征。矿床的形成受地层、构造及岩浆岩控制 ,矿床成因为层控矽卡岩型硫金矿床     

蛇绿岩就位机制及时限

蛇绿岩就位机制可以划分出4种： 1）碰撞仰冲型：被动大陆边缘或岛弧与洋壳碰撞时,俯冲到一定深度的硅铝质物质在浮力作用下折返,并上驮相对完整的大洋岩石圈残片到达地表; 2）增生底垫型：洋底、海沟沉积物及海底较高地形的上层物质从俯冲板块上刮削下来,持续底垫到上覆板块之下,使大洋岩石圈残片逐渐被动抬高; 3）俯冲剥离型：断裂发育相对密集的洋中脊和转换断层等大洋岩石圈薄弱带,在滑脱断层的作用下大洋岩石圈上部层位的物质被剥离,在俯冲作用的驱动下被抬升; 4）角流型：从俯冲板块上刮削下来的大洋岩石圈残片被带入狭窄型或宽阔型增生楔,以管道流的方式进入深部并遭受高压变质作用,由低密度物质裹挟带出并就位至增生楔浅部。变质底板可以限定蛇绿岩就位的开始时限,后就位沉积物可以确定蛇绿岩就位的结束时间。     

Sinistral Strike-slip Movement Along Western Terminal Segment of the Active Daqingshan Piedmont Fault, Inner Mongolia, China

There are 18 gullies displaying sinistral contortions to different degrees along the western terminal segment about 10 km long of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault near the Donghe District, Baotou City. The contortion amount of gullies ranges from 20 m to 300 m. The contortion and length of the gullies are in direct proportion. The relation between piedmont terraces and gullies indicates that the gullies with upper reaches of about 1 ～ 5 km long and those smaller than one kilometer were formed at the end of Late Pleistocene and Holocene.Meanwhile, sandy gravel layer of alluvial-proluvial sediment on the upthrown wall is directly in contact with yellow clayey sand of the downthrown wall. During the Holocene, the sinistral strike-slip rate along the western terminal segment of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault reached 5 mm/a from age data of dislocated sediments. The evolutional mechanism of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault is also discussed in the paper.     

微塑料添加对小麦苗期生长及干物质分配的影响

土壤环境中微塑料污染已成为全球关注的环境问题。关于微塑料对于植物生长的直接影响和由于土壤理化性状改变的间接影响研究已逐步开展,但针对小麦的研究鲜见报道。试验选择两个旱地小麦品种(甘春27和禾尚头)作为研究对象,选取高密度聚乙烯作为微塑料添加,设置3种质量浓度(0、1、4 g·kg^-1)开展盆栽试验,对不同微塑料组合处理下小麦的出苗率、株高、全株生物量和地上/地下干物质分配进行了分析。结果表明：(1)微塑料添加对两个品种出苗率没有影响。(2)禾尚头在添加1 g·kg^-1微塑料时比添加0、4 g·kg^-1时全株生物量分别高46.7%、8.5%,甘春27在添加1 g·kg^-1微塑料时比添加0、4 g·kg^-1时全株生物量分别高28.7%、17.2%;甘春27整体比禾尚头在3种浓度处理下全株生物量分别高24.9%、9.6%、1.5%。(3)不同试验处理条件下,甘春27将更多的干物质分配在地上植株的构建,其在地下(根系)和地上(茎叶)部分的分配比例整体小于禾尚头。整体上,适度微塑料添加可...     

基于地闪数据的雷电流幅值累积频率公式探讨

利用2007年和2008年浙江省气象部门闪电定位系统的地闪监测数据,应用Matlab数学软件中的曲线拟合工具箱,以最小二乘法原理对IEEE推荐公式和我国规程推荐公式进行最优化拟合,得出前者拟合效果优于后者的结论。通过分析IEEE推荐公式计算结果与实际值之间的相对误差,发现正闪雷电流幅值累积频率在(1kA,270kA)范围内相对误差绝对值较小,最大不超过10%;而负闪雷电流幅值累积频率在(-1kA,-300kA)范围内相对误差绝对值较大,最大值约为38%。针对上述情况,利用数学软件拟合出负闪(-1kA,-300kA)相对误差曲线的近似函数,修正了原累积频率公式,大幅度减小了其相对误差。其适用范围也从原来的(2kA,200kA)放宽至正闪(1kA,270kA)、负闪(-1kA,-300kA)。     

InSAR滑坡探测技术研究——以金沙江乌东德水电站段为例

采用3类InSAR产品和DEM数据开展金沙江流域乌东德水电站段的潜在滑坡探测,成功识别出多处已知和未知的滑坡点,并探测出滑坡体的形态及稳定性,提供了一种高效的大范围滑坡探测技术。同时采用小基线集InSAR技术对金坪子滑坡进行监测,不仅获得该滑坡的空间分区特征,也获取重点滑坡区的时间序列结果,并且与地面监测结果比较,精度达1.8 cm。展示了不同InSAR技术在不同尺度滑坡调查与监测中的应用特点。     

Effects of stocking density on the growth and immunity of Atlantic salmon salmo salar reared in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)

Atlantic salmon reared in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) may lead to inappropriately high stocking density, because fish live in a limited space. Finding the suitable stocking density of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS is very important for RAS industry. In this paper, the influence of stocking density on growth and some stress related physiological factors were investigated to evaluate the effects of stocking density. The fish were reared for 220 days at five densities (A: 24 kg/m³; B: 21 kg/m³; C: 15 kg/m³; D: 9 kg/ m³ and E: 6 kg/m³ ). The results show that 30 kg/m³ might be the maximum density which RAS can afford in China. The stocking densities under 30 kg/m³ have no effect on mortality of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS. However, the specific growth rate (SGR), final weight and weight gain in the high density group were significantly lower than the lower density groups and middle density groups. Moreover, feed conversion rate (FCR) had a negative correlation with density. Plasma hormone T₃ and GH showed significant decrease with the increase of the stocking density of the experiment. Furthermore, thyroid hormone (T₃), GH (growth hormone) activities were decreased with stocking density increase. However, plasma cortisol, GOT (glutamic oxalacetic transaminase) and GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase) activities were increase with stocking density increase. And the stocking density has no effects on plasma lysozyme of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS. These investigations would also help devise efficient ways to rear adult Atlantic salmon in China and may, in a way, help spread salmon mariculture in China.