卢氏盆地中始新世沉积序列自生碳酸盐及其古气候意义

始新世暖期可作为当代全球变暖的历史相似型,研究始新世气候变化及其机制对于理解现代气候变暖的幅度和速率具有重要意义。卢氏盆地位于中国中部秦岭东段,发育了连续的、富含碳酸盐矿物的始新世湖相沉积物,是重建始新世暖期陆地气候的良好材料。本研究在卢氏盆地郑家山-三角沟一带（34°04'N,111°10'E）采集了张家村组中上部和卢氏组的样品,采样层厚约288 m,共采集样品505个。根据岩石薄片镜下鉴定,卢氏盆地中始新世湖相沉积物物质组成以碳酸盐、粘土和粉砂为主,其中碳酸盐沉积为表生条件下封闭或半封闭淡水湖或微咸水湖化学作用自生成因。使用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）漫反射法测定沉积物碳酸盐含量,发现其与磁化率具有一定的负相关关系,分别指示了内源化学沉积和外源碎屑输入的贡献量,受控于流域蒸发量与降水量的共同作用,揭示了中始新世卢氏盆地的干湿变化。当流域更加湿润,即降水量增加（蒸发量减少）时,径流量相应增加,不利于碳酸盐沉淀而有利于外源碎屑输入,表现为沉积物碳酸盐含量降低、磁化率数值升高,反之同理。在已有年代框架的基础上,建立了卢氏盆地湖相沉积物碳酸盐含量时间序列,其记录了在中始新世气候适宜期（MECO）卢氏盆地较为湿润的气候环境,并且具有多旋回变化,与地球运动轨道的周期变化相关。

     

基于NWC甚低频信号的日出效应的观测与分析

频率在3~30 kHz的甚低频(VLF,Very Low Frequency)波具有较小的传播损耗和较高的趋肤深度,可以在地球-低电离层波导中实现长距离传输,广泛应用于航海导航、对潜通信等领域,且在电离层遥测方面具有十分重要的意义.基于武汉大学自主研发的VLF接收机在武汉接收的NWC(North West Cape)台站信号,本文通过分析2018年4月23日—2020年7月22日的观测数据研究了日出期间NWC信号的幅度响应及其特点和规律.结果表明NWC信号日出期间的幅度响应主要包括两种极小值结构：2个幅度极小值(SR1、SR2)的Type Ⅰ结构和3个幅度极小值(SR1、SR2、SR3)的Type Ⅱ结构.在以SR1出现时间为时间零点进行时序叠加分析后发现,Type Ⅰ结构比Type Ⅱ具有更强的规律性和稳定性.在Type Ⅰ结构下,SR2出现时间的波动范围、平均值、标准差分别为43~65 min、54.2 min、4.4 min,而在Type Ⅱ结构下,SR2和SR3出现时间的波动范围分别为48~93 min、80~120 min,平均值分别为64.7 min、96.4 min,标准差分别为10.2 min、11.7 min.在27个月的观测期内,3—7月份Type Ⅰ结构的出现概率100%,未出现Type Ⅱ结构,而在1—2月和8—12月Type Ⅰ结构出现的概率明显下降,最低降至1月份的20.7%,而Type Ⅱ在1月、2月、11月的出现概率均高于70%.按春秋分交替变化(周期1和周期2)的统计结果,在周期1内Type Ⅰ和Type Ⅱ结构出现的概率分别为91.5%、8.5%,而在周期2内Type Ⅰ结构出现的概率降至41.9%,Type Ⅱ结构出现概率则升至58.1%,这表示观测期间内Type Ⅱ结构主要出现在秋冬季,春夏季发生概率较低.

     

我国市县地球物理监测资源评估

我国地球物理监测站网主要由GNSS、定点形变、重力、地电、地磁、地下流体六大观测站网组成,由国家站、省级站和市县站构成基本监测单元。市县站观测手段多、站点数量庞大,是地球物理监测站网的重要组成部分。为摸清市县站监测资源底数、统筹利用市县监测数据,中国地震局历时2年完成了我国市县地震监测资源评估工作。基于此项工作,本文从观测环境、观测系统、数据质量和预报应用四个方面对我国市县地球物理监测资源进行简要分析,评估结果显示: 37.8%的测项评估为合格,可直接纳入国家地球物理数据库管理,47.9%的测项评估为基本合格,可纳入国家市县数据库管理,14.3%的测项评估为不合格,需要停测或者优化改造。针对评估结果,简要分析了市县监测运维工作存在的主要问题并提出具体可行的解决建议,为提升市县站监测质量提供参考。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北缘固阳县北中元古界长城系烃源岩地质特征及意义

是否发育有效烃源岩是鄂尔多斯地区中元古界成藏的关键。综合利用野外地质考察、显微薄片鉴定和地球化学分析等研究方法对固阳县北中元古界渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组烃源岩地质特征开展研究。研究表明,中元古界烃源岩岩性为低级区域变质作用形成的炭质板岩及片岩,其矿物成分以石英为主,其次为斜长石、钾长石及白云母,还有少量菱铁矿。烃源岩有机碳含量高,变化在0.17%～21.62%之间,平均值为5.53%;有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主,其次为Ⅱ型;Ro变化范围为4.32%～5.09%,Tmax值介于556 ℃～564 ℃,处于过成熟阶段。稀土元素体现出LREE富集和轻、重稀土分异明显的特点,δEu介于0.43～0.49之间,表现出Eu的明显负异常;微量元素含量及比值指示阿古鲁沟组烃源岩形成时的沉积环境为水体深度大、水动力条件弱的并且与外海沟通受到限制的贫氧—缺氧的闭塞环境,沉积相类型为温暖潮湿气候条件下淡化泻湖相。     

台湾暖流水和长江冲淡水在32°N断面和PN断面上的分布及其变化

Based on six=cruise data gathered along 32°N and PN sections fron 1987 to 1998,we examined variations of water mass distribution and associated circulation in the westem part of the East China Sea with the emphasis on the behaviors of the Taiwan Warm Current Water and Changjiang(Yangtze)Diluted Water.It is found that the Diluted Water is Limited in the west of 122.5°E～123°E along 32°N and PN sections in autumn,winter and spring,but extends to 122.5°E～126°E in summer,especially in summer of 1998. Along the PN section, the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC)Water is found all year round,especially in deeper layer.It has significant seasonal and interannual variations which is the strongest in winter and relatively weaker in winter and relatively weaker in spring,summer and fall.The deep water carried by the TWC along 123°E～123.5°E tends to reach the north of 28°N even 30°N not only in warm seasons but also in cold seasons in even greater strength.It is noteworthy that the TWCwater was also strong in the flood summer of 1998.In general,the TWC water acts weakly in the north of 32°Nsection.However in spring of 1994.the body of the TWC water in salinity at 33.5 was found along 32°N section.It seems the extreme of the TWC water's northward intrusion with the depth in summer,but does not in winter.     

The Potential Vertical Distribution of Bigeye Tuna ( Thunnus obesus ) and Its Influence on the Spatial Distribution of CPUEs in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean

Understanding the potential vertical distribution of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) is necessary to understand the catch rate fluctuations and the stock assessment of bigeye tuna. To characterize the potential vertical distribution of this fish while foraging and determine the influences of the distribution on longline efficiency in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, the catch per unit effort(CPUE) data were compiled from the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas and the Argo buoy data were downloaded from the Argo data center. The raw Argo buoy data were processed by data mining methods. The CPUE was standardized by support vector machine before analysis. We assumed the depths with the upper and lower limits of the optimum water temperatures of 15℃ and 9℃ as the preferred swimming depth, while the lower limit of the temperature(12℃) associated with the highest hooking rate as the preferred foraging depth(D12) of bigeye tuna during the daytime in the Atlantic Ocean. The preferred swimming depth and foraging depth range in the daytime were assessed by plotting the isobath based on Argo buoy data. The preferred swimming depth and vertical structure of the water column were identified to investigate the spatial effects on the CPUE by using a generalized additive model(GAM). The empirical cumulative distribution function was used to assess the relationship between the spatial distribution of CPUE and the depth of 12℃ isolines and thermocline. The results indicate that 1) the preferred swimming depth of bigeye tuna in the tropical Atlantic is from 100 m to 400 m and displays spatial variation; 2) the preferred foraging depth of bigeye tuna is between 190 and 300 m and below the thermocline; 3) the number of CPUEs peaks at a relative depth of 30 –50 m(difference between the 12℃ isolines and the lower boundary of the thermocline); and 4) most CPUEs are within the lower depth boundary of the thermocline levels(LDBT) which is from 160 m to 230 m. GAM analysis indicates that the general relationship between the nominal CPUE and LDBT is characterized by a dome shape and peaks at approximately 190 m. The oceanographic features influence the habitat of tropical pelagic fish and fisheries. Argo buoy data can be an important tool to describe the habitat of oceanic fish. Our results provide new insights into how oceanographic features influence the habitat of tropical pelagic fish and fisheries and how fisheries exploit these fish using a new tool(Argo profile data).     

微波爆发中具有双峰结构的准周期振荡的初步分析

本文分析了1989年3月9日,11日,13日与AR5395产生的耀斑成协的,叠加在2cm微波爆发上的具有双峰结构的准周期振荡.利用磁流环结合的非线性不稳定性机制,对等离子体和磁场相互作用的过程进行了定性的分析,并计算了几个有关的参数.最后进行了简单的讨论.     

煤矿地区国土总体规划的初步研究

本文通过制定总体规划方案应重点协调的六个关系的探讨,对煤矿地区国上总体规划进行了初步研究。