Hydrothermal Redistribution of Rare—Earth Elements in Pingxiang Dacite,Guangxi

Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes, downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the altered dacite.     

大姚地热动态特征分析

通过大姚高精度水温观测井水地质、井孔条件的分析，震例观测资料、实验观测数据的处理，以及井水水质分析结果，表明大姚水温周期性变化的突出位置是井深75m左右，根本原因是该地层石膏脉稳定释热，含水层热水与井内冷水混合过程中，在通道内形成钙盐类沉淀物（如CaSO4CaCO3），堵塞对流通道，含水层内外压差突破被阻塞通道，热水反复侵入井内，便形成水温周期性变化。地震的孕育、发生和调整过程，由于应力场作用，产生附加地热场，水温基值发生变化，周期畸变或消失，这种附加地热动态是可以恢复的。所以认为大姚地热动态是井区特殊地层地热信息的反映。     

Tiller recruitment and mortality in the dryland bunchgrass Eragrostis curvula as affected by defoliation intensity

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of moderate (14 cm) vs. severe (7 cm) defoliation on tiller recruitment and mortality within the interior and on the perimeter of weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) tussocks. Tiller number per marked shoot within the interior was significantly greater in plants defoliated at 14-cm stubble height than at 7-cm stubble height (2·37 vs. 0·43, p<0·05) 28 weeks after defoliation; likewise, tiller number per marked shoot was also greater on the perimeter of tussocks in the higher stubble than the lower stubble defoliation treatment (5·10 vs. 2·03, p<0·05). Tiller natality increased significantly 4 weeks after defoliation except for tillers cut to 7-cm stubble height within the interior of tussocks where tiller natality reached a peak at 4·5 weeks after defoliation. During the later stages of canopy development, tiller numbers per marked shoot gradually declined as tiller mortality increased. Tillers began senescing 13 weeks after defoliation, and the senescence rate was 52% greater in the 7-cm stubble height treatment than in the 14-cm stubble height treatment (2·33 vs. 1·53, p<0·0001). Within the interior of tussocks, number of the marked tillers more than doubled under the 14-cm stubble height treatment, whereas the plants lost 57% of the monitored tillers under the 7-cm stubble height treatment. We concluded that the central dieback process in weeping lovegrass is accelerated by severe defoliation.     

塔里木盆地西部含盐系地层成盐元素的地球化学初步研究

钾矿是我国目前紧缺的矿种之一 ,钾矿的寻找对我国有着十分重要的意义。塔里木盆地是我国第三系地层的广泛发育区域 ,有一定的找钾远景 ,尤其是库车、莎车等地区。通过对塔里木盆地 (坳陷 )西部的区域地质概况、成矿条件等的介绍 ,运用地球化学的分析测试手段 ,对塔里木盆地西部采集到的样品作了地球化学分析。论述了该区成盐沉积的地球化学特征 ,并讨论了该区形成钾矿的可能性。     

重油凝胶色谱制备样品中痕量镍的分析研究

研究表明微波密闭消解法对重油凝肢色谱制各样品的前处理，不造成易挥发有机金属化合物的损失，对样品无污染。采用消解前定容，配合石墨炉二次进样富集样品，可以测定样品中低至10^—9级的镍。方法应用于镍在渣油中随相对分子质量分布分析中，标准样品对照数据吻合好，相对标准偏差(RSD，n＝11)为8％。     

利用高铁钾长石粉合成13X沸石分子筛的实验研究

对江苏丰县的富钾页岩进行预处理，得到钾长石含量达76．4％的钾长石粉，其Fe2O3含量高达7．52％。以此钾长石粉为原料经过焙烧处理、水热合成实验，在铁含量较高情况下成功合成了13X沸石分子筛，并采用正交实验法确定了优化工艺参数。对实验产物的主要性能测试表明，合成的富铁沸石产品与13X沸石分子筛工业产品相似，吸附量达到国家化学工业产品标准，可用于对含重金属离子废水的吸附处理。     

云南地区地震宏观异常特征研究

经历史震例及近几年地震震前短临跟踪预报实践，对宏观异常进行深入剖析，认为：宏观异常内容和数量多少与震级有关；宏观异常不只是短临和临震异常信息。也有不少是中短期、短期异常信息；宏观异常分布在震中及附近地区；最早出现的宏观异常地点对未来地震震中有一定指示意义。     

云南地壳形变与丽江7.0级地震

本利用滇西、滇中地区大地垂直形变和跨断层短水准、短基线的监测资料进行综合分析论证，其结果表明：１９９６年２月滇西丽江７．０级地震前，该区应力场方向自１９９０年以来产生了由北东－北西的转变，震源区出现高达１０９ｍｍ的垂直差异运动１９９３－１９９６年有７５％的断层形变测点相继出现不同程度的中期、短期和临震异常。大地垂直形变与断层形变的共性演变特性，为强震的预测提供了一个较好的震例。     

平面图形演化方法在地震预报中的应用

“平面图形演化方法”是利用无量刚的异常信息量来反映震前异常空间分布及其随时间的演化，从而预报发震时间和地点的一种方法，这种方法μ值等值线图法，μ值异常平面图法组成，它是通过绘制不同的时间上述二种平面图，通过分析水位，水化异常于震前在时间上，空间上的演化规律，寻找μ值异常集中区或高值区，异常丛集图像分布区，条带图像分布带及条带交叉图像地区，并考虑异常分布图像与活动构造带和地震带的关系，从而对强震发生     

付载波频偏的测量及其在遥测台网中的应用

付载波频偏测量对于保证调频系统传输质量具有重要的意义。本文介绍了我们设计制作的付载波频编测量仪。该仪器便于携带、使用方便、精度送±１０＾－３＊ｆ０＋１赫该精度满足模拟传输台网的需要。