利用全球定位系统确定正高

根据全球定位系统及大地水准测量观测值和能够分别求得高精度的椭球面高差及正高高差，这已为人们所接受。业已证明，利用ＧＰＳ观测值确定正高的基本条件是要有一个具有一定精度的大地水准面模型。本文将阐述一种利用大地水准面高，现有高程控制网资料及ＧＰＳ观测值来改善给定的大地水准面模型，如ＧＥＯＩＤ４和ＧＥＯＩＤ９０，的数学方法，它是通过几种数据间的计算求得选定的高程控制点的最佳拟合，然后用含线性或非线性方程的     

作物对气候变化反应的模拟

将本世纪３０年代（１９３０年）的气候－气候变化的模拟气候－通过侵蚀生产力影响计算者（ＥＰＩＣ）模型，加在密苏里－依阿华－内布拉斯加－堪萨斯（ＭＩＮＫ）农业地区有代表性的农场上。考虑了两种大气ＣＯ２水平：３５０ｐｐｍ和４５０ｐｐｍ，且不采取任何调控和使农场适应气候变化的措施。把模拟气候（１９３１￣１９４０）下的模拟结果和控制气候（１９５１￣１９８０）下的模拟结果进行了比较，模拟气候降低了暖季作物ＥＰ     

Improvement of the sediment ecosystem following diversion of an intertidal sewage outfall at the Fraser river estuary,Canada, with emphasis on Corophium salmonis (Amphipoda)

Primary treated sewage effluent from the city of Vancouver, Canada was deposited directly onto the intertidal ecosystem of Sturgeon bank, Fraser river estuary between 1962 and 1988. In response to the degraded sediment conditions an azoic zone developed near the discharge outfall. Effluent discharges into the intertidal zone were almost completely stopped in 1988 with the construction of a submerged outfall. Our studies, conducted between 1994 and 1996, showed considerable improvement in the environment of the mudflat ecosystem, including increased dissolved oxygen, decreased sediment chlorophyll, decreased organic material in the sediment, reduced heavy metals in surficial sediment and increased grain size. The amphipod Corophium salmonis, important in the food web for juvenile salmon and other fish species, recolonized the previously azoic location. At reference stations, C. salmonis density was similar to that observed in previous surveys two decades earlier. Our data strongly suggest that improvement or sediment conditions near the former sewage outfall was a major factor enabling colonization by C. salmonis.     

Phosphorus and nitrogen effects on microbial euendolithic communities and their bioerosion rates

Cages and fertilizers were used at Glover's Atoll, Belize to test the relative importance of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to microbial euendolithic communities (bacteria, algae and fungi) and their bioerosion rates of Strombus gigas shells after 56-days of exposure. By the end of the experiment, the abundance of green algae was higher than cyanobacteria and fungi in N and N+P treatments, although green algae did not increase proportionally with increasing N concentrations, suggesting that green algae were co-limited by P and N. In contrast, cyanobacteria abundance increased with increasing P concentration, suggesting that cyanobacteria were P-limited. Fungi were not significantly affected by the addition of nutrients. Microbioerosion rates in the N and N+P treatments were 2-times greater than rates in the P treatment and 15-times greater than the control treatment. Results demonstrate that increased nutrient concentrations on coral reefs may increase microbioerosion rates, and variations in nutrient ratios can modify microborers community composition.     

DNA damage and apoptosis in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

The effects of known genotoxic substances (4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide, benzo[a]pyrene, teniposide, etoposide, cycloheximide, tributyltin) on human cells (FLC, HL-60) and on mussels were investigated. The correlations between formation of DNA strand breaks and DNA fragmentation characteristic for the process of apoptosis were estimated. Strand breaks induced by 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide and benzo[a]pyrene did not correlate with DNA fragmentation detected in the process of apoptosis. Induction of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in HL-60 cells was initiated by teniposide, etoposide and tributyltin, while in the gills of mussels this was detected only with tributyltin. Levels of DNA strand breaks in natural mussel populations, living at locations under the influence of urban and industrial wastes, do not mirror the apoptotic processes.     

氢氧化铬诱发的蒙脱石微团簇电子显微镜研究

在扫描电镜、透射电镜实验研究的基础上，首次报道了通过吸附氢氧化铬聚合物诱发的蒙脱石纺缍体微团簇的成因。