石家庄市城市水文问题的思考及对策

随着石家庄市城市化进程的加快,越来越多的城市水文及环境问题日益突显。在分析城市化对水文环境影响的基础上,结合石家庄水文工作发展现状,提出城市水文面临的新课题,并根据石家庄市城市水文的特点探讨相应的解决对策。     

Slope reliability analysis by updated support vector machine and Monte Carlo simulation

This paper presents a new methodology for slope reliability analysis by integrating the technologies of updated support vector machine (SVM) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). MCS is a powerful tool that may be used to solve a broad range of reliability problems and has therefore become widely used in slope reliability analysis. However, MCS often involves a great number of slope stability analysis computations, a process that requires excessive time consumption. The updated SVM is introduced in order to build the relationship between factor of safety and random variables of slope, contributing to reducing a large number of normal computing tasks and enlarging the problem scale and sample size of MCS. In the algorithm of the updated SVM, the particle swarm optimization method is adopted in order to seek the optimal SVM parameters, enhancing the performance of SVM for solving complex problems in slope stability analysis. Finally, the integrating method is applied to a classic slope for addressing the problem of reliability analysis. The results of this study indicate that the new methodology is capable of obtaining positive results that are consistent with the results of classic solutions; therefore, the methodology is proven to be a powerful and effective tool in slope reliability analysis.     

海南岛橡胶割胶期的气候适宜度变化特征分析

选取海南省18个市县气象站19612017年逐日气象资料,构建逐月橡胶割胶单要素(温度、日照时数、降水量和降水日数、风速)和综合气候适宜度模型,分析其时空变化特征。结果表明:1)海南岛天然橡胶单要素适宜度对比排序:日照适宜度最高,降水和风速适宜度次之,温度适宜度最低。2)橡胶割胶气候适宜度为0.43~0.80,其中411月较高,适宜割胶;12月至次年3月较低,不适宜割胶。3)天然橡胶割胶适宜度高值区主要分布在海南岛中部地区,该区温度适宜度较高,降水量充足,年平均风速小;低值区主要分布在西部和北部沿海地区,该区主要因为年平均风速大,降雨量不足,易造成干旱;其余地区为适宜度次高值区,该区热量和降水都比较充足,但也容易受高温干旱或风害影响,应予以重点防范。4)19612017年海南岛橡胶割胶期气候适宜度总体呈明显增大趋势,气候倾向率为0.009/10a。     

Design of an adaptive GPS vector tracking loop with the detection and isolation of contaminated channels

GPS Solutions - In vector tracking loop (VTL), the relativity among received signals is exploited to deeply integrate the entire information within signal processing channels. However, the tracking...     

鄂西清江偏山滑坡群易滑地层特性

二叠系大隆组和三叠系大冶组是清江流域碳酸盐岩区的易滑地层,清江中游的偏山滑坡群即为典型实例,夹泥的大冶组泥灰岩及大隆组顶部泥岩形成了滑体下部与滑带。通过现场调查、取样和室内测试,对两者的矿物和化学成分、力学性质等进行了研究分析。结果表明:大隆组顶部泥岩含胀缩性明显的蒙脱石,黏土矿物总含量为40%～75%,泥岩泥化后强度明显降低且表现出典型蠕变特性,通过流变实验得到其长期强度指标黏聚力为23kPa,摩擦角18.1; 大冶组下部泥灰岩含泥量较高,层间黏土矿物主要为伊利石和绿泥石,层面水平,顺层错动导致泥灰岩表面磨蚀及层间黏土矿物定向排列,特别是浸水后结构面强度降低明显形成易滑面加剧滑坡体的变形; 滑坡演化与清江发育之间具有相互促进作用,类似地质结构和水往复作用地带岸坡需特别重视。     

Heave compensation system of lifting pipeline for deep-sea mining based on combined action of vibration absorber and accumulator

ABSTRACT

A heave compensation system combined with a vibration absorber and accumulator is proposed, with regard to the requirement for poly-metallic nodule mining systems at an ocean depth of 6,000?m in China. The principle of the compensation system was analyzed, its main parameters were designed, and its mathematical model was established. The system performance was simulated and analyzed in MATLAB, and the frequency domain characteristics and compensation rate of the system with different volume accumulators, and with or without vibration absorbers, were compared. A simulation test of the compensation system was conducted. The proposed compensation system had a better compensation effect for a random wave interference under level-6 sea conditions, and the compensation rate being more than 72% with optimal system parameters.     

液化场地桩-土地震相互作用p-y曲线分析方法研究

目前,我国尚缺乏液化场地桩-土-桥梁结构地震相互作用分析的合理数值模型与简化分析方法。鉴于此,直接针对振动台试验,基于非线性文克尔地基梁模型,考虑桩周参振土的质量惯性力、上部结构的惯性力、土体辐射阻尼等效应,建立了液化场地桩-土-桥梁结构地震相互作用的p-y曲线分析模型,并给出相应的简化方法。针对振动台试验进行了0.1g El Centro波输入下的分析,验证了桩-土地震相互作用分析方法的正确性,并且推荐了计算参数的合理选取方法,可用于液化场地桩-土地震相互作用的分析。提出的液化场地桩-土地震相互作用p-y曲线简化分析方法,为实际桥梁桩基抗震设计与分析提供一定参考。     

台风“温比亚”引发豫东“18.8”极端降水的特征与成因分析

利用多源气象资料,对台风“温比亚”引发豫东降水的极端性特征及极端降水产生机制进行分析,提炼预报着眼点。此次降水是河南继驻马店“75·8”暴雨之后的又一次罕见特大暴雨,表现为过程雨量极大、破极值站数最多、降水强度极大、强降水时段集中的特征。结果表明：（1）高低空系统耦合为特大暴雨的发生发展创造了良好的环境条件,极端降水的产生主要受台风北侧螺旋云系影响,并有持续不断的强回波单体在同一个地点移动,冷空气与台风环流相互作用是重要的预报着眼点,重点分析台风和副热带高压的相对运动及西风带对台风的引导作用。（2）河南东部水汽输送条件一直处于较好的状态,这是降水维持较长时间的重要因素,急流中心区域和强度的变化对降水量多少有指示意义。（3）豫东地区对流不稳定和斜压不稳定均比较明显,低层MPV1<0、MPV2>0的区域与强降水落区有较好的对应关系。（4）强辐合中心位于台风中心的北侧,降水强度与辐合强度有较好的对应关系,螺旋度大值区分布对强降水的分布区域有较好的指示意义。     

Spermatozoid life-span of two brown seaweeds, Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, as measured by fertilization efficiency

During sexual reproduction of seaweeds, spermatozoid (sperm) discharge is triggered by chemical messengers (pheromones) released by the female gametes. The chemotactic ability of the sperm ensures fertilization success. Using unialgal male and female gametophyte material under designated standard gametogenesis testing (SGT) conditions, the potential life-span of the sperm of two seaweeds, Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, was assessed by their ability to fertilize eggs. Results show that within 20-30 min after being discharged, sperm of both species could complete fertilization without an apparent decline in fertilization rate. Although fertilization rate 60–120 min after sperm discharge dropped significantly in both species, some sperm were viable enough to fertilize the eggs. In S. japonica, at 12°C, some sperm were able to fertilize eggs up to 12 h after discharge. In both species, egg discharge rates (EDR) in the male and female mixed positive controls were significantly higher than those of all the sperm-testing groups. Doubling the seeded male gametophytes of S. japonica in the SGT tests significantly increased the EDR, further confirming the effect of the presence of the male on the female in terms of facilitating egg discharge from oogonia.