东昆仑库木艾比热孜地层、侵入岩的致矿性研究

1∶5万区域矿产调查中,利用数量繁多的化探数据,以各元素总体变异系数和本底变异系数的差除以本底变异系数,构成致矿因子.按致矿因子大小,筛选出有价值的成矿元素信息,对区域地层和侵入岩进行致矿性评估,是有效利用化探数据开展不同地质体成矿地球化学研究的方法之一.东昆仑库木艾比热孜地区1∶5万区域地质矿产调查中对地层、侵入岩的致矿性研究就是一个成功的例证.     

Geochemistry and environmental effect of cadmium in the super-large Jinding Pb-Zn deposit,Yunnan Province,China

The Jinding Pb-Zn deposit in Yunnan Province is the representative of a Cd-enriched area and mining activities lead to the release of Cd into the hypergenic ecosystem, resulting in Cd pollution. The concentrations of Cd vary greatly from one type to another type of rocks in the mining district. In the host rock, Cd concentrations range from 50×10^-6 to 650×10^-6 with an average of 310×10^-6. In primary ores, Cd concentrations range from 14×10^-6 to 2800×10^-6 with an average of 767×10^-6. However, in oxidized ores, Cd concentrations are highest, varying within the range of 110×10^-6 to 8200×10^-6 , averaging 1661×10^-6. It is shown that the oxidized ores are the main carder and environmental source of Cd. Leaching test showed that Pb/Zn ores are easy to oxidize and thereafter release Cd and other harmful elements. These leached elements in the leachate may be precipitated rapidly in the order of Zn〉Pb〉Cd. As for the concentration distribution of Cd in the Bijiang River, it is estimated to be 15.7 μg/L Cd in water, 49.3 mg/L in suspended substances, and 203.7 mg/L in sediments. The average value of Cd in soil from the polluted area is 83.0 mg/kg. Natural weathering of Cd-rich rocks and minerals imposes a potential environmental risk on the aquatic ecosystem of the Bijiang catchment.     

Distribution Characteristics of Sulfur and the Main Harmful Trace Elements in China’s Coal

To promote the rational development and use of clean coal resources in China, data on the regional and age distribution of sulfur, arsenic and other harmful elements in Chinese coal was broadly collected, tested for content, and analyzed. Coal in northwestern China is characterized by low to extremely low levels of sulfur; the coal of the Taiyuan Formation in northern China mainly has high-sulfur content; that of the Shanxi Formation is mainly characterized by low sulfur coal; and the Late Permian coal in southern China has overall higher sulfur content; other regions have low sulfur coal. The average content of harmful trace elements in the bulk of China＇s coal is similar to the corresponding content in the coal of the North America and the rest of the world, whereas the content of various elements （Hg, Sb and Se） is different in magnitude to the corresponding percentage in the crust. The average content of the elements Cr, Se, Co, Be, U, Br in Late Permian coal in S China ranks first in the country whereas the average content of Hg and CI in the coals of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian age in N China are the highest. The average content of Mn in Early and Middle Jurassic coal is higher in NW China. The high content of harmful elements in some coal should cause particular concern both in the development and utilization of coal.     

大兴安岭白音诺尔铅锌矿控矿构造研究与找矿预测

成矿物质来源及控矿因素是矿床学研究的前沿课题。过去人们认为成矿物质主要源于含矿围岩的萃取。因此,找矿重点是寻找矿源层。但是,更多的事实表明,成矿物质主要来自深源,通过地幔热柱多级演化迁移至地壳,并在幔枝构造较好的控矿构造空间聚集成矿。本文探讨了大兴安岭中南段的成矿作用,总结了该区的主要控矿构造,指出了不同级别构造对成矿的控制作用,并预测了不同级别的成矿靶区。     

基于USB的DCP控制电路设计与应用

传统的机械式电位器控制电路难以满足高精度的信号调节要求,而且具有调节不方便、体积大、重复性差等弱点;为此,利用USB即插即用的优点,设计了基于USB的DCP控制电路;这里详细介绍了USB设计模块、DCP控制模块、固件程序设计和应用程序设计;测试结果表明:该设计是成功的,在输入1 V的正弦信号情况下,输出信号的调节精度可达1 mV,实现了输出信号的高精度调节,具有一定应用前景。     

区域似大地水准面确定的最小二乘支持向量机方法

支持向量机(SVM)是近年来发展起来的机器学习的新方法,它较好地解决小样本、非线性、高维数、局部极小点等实际问题.文中研究支持向量机的拓展算法--最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM),并将其应用于确定大面积复杂似大地水准面.通过工程实例并与神经网络模型和二次曲面多项式拟合模型相比较,验证确定区域似大地水准面的LSSVM方法的有效性.     

Study on Recovering the Earth＇s Potential Field Based on GOCE Gradiometry

Given the second radial derivative Vrr（P） ｜δs of the Earth＇s gravitational potential V（P） on the surface δS corresponding to the satellite altitude, by using the fictitious compress recovery method, a fictitious regular harmonic field rrVrr（P）^＊ and a fictitious second radial gradient field V：（P） in the domain outside an inner sphere Ki can be determined, which coincides with the real field V（P） in the domain outside the Earth. Vrr^＊（P）could be further expressed as a uniformly convergent expansion series in the domain outside the inner sphere, because rrV（P）^＊ could be expressed as a uniformly convergent spherical harmonic expansion series due to its regularity and harmony in that domain. In another aspect, the fictitious field V^＊（P） defined in the domain outside the inner sphere, which coincides with the real field V（P） in the domain outside the Earth, could be also expressed as a spherical harmonic expansion series. Then, the harmonic coefficients contained in the series expressing V^＊（P） can be determined, and consequently the real field V（P） is recovered. Preliminary simulation calculations show that the second radial gradient field Vrr（P） could be recovered based only on the second radial derivative V（P）｜δs given on the satellite boundary. Concerning the final recovery of the potential field V（P） based only on the boundary value Vrr （P）｜δs, the simulation tests are still in process.     

安徽池州铜山铜矿深部找矿实践与启示

铜山铜矿资源储量日益枯竭。危机矿山接替资源勘查中,采用地质、物探综合手段圈定异常区,经深部钻探验证,取得突破。     

青海驼路沟钴矿成矿特征及控矿规律研究

驼路沟钴矿床位于东昆仑造山带昆南复合拼贴带内,是国内少数独立钴矿床之一.赋存地层为奥陶-志留纪纳赤台群哈拉巴依沟组,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出,矿体产状与围岩一致,层位、构造控矿特征显著,变形变质强烈,沿走向和倾向均有斜列和波状弯曲、膨大、缩小现象.矿床热液叠加成矿显著,表现出"似层非层、似脉非脉"的特点,成矿后改造使矿段间差异性抬升和矿体侧伏明显,矿床成因为热水沉积-热液叠加改造型.