扁额原细首纽虫蛋白酶活性的初步研究

以酶学分析方法研究了不同温度、pH及摄食后不同时间扁额原细首纽虫蛋白酶活性的变化.结果表明,扁额原细首纽虫蛋白酶活力在pH为3和10时出现2个峰值,酸性条件下其蛋白酶的活性明显高于碱性条件.在20～80 ℃温度范围内,纽虫酸性和碱性蛋白酶活性表现出2种不同的变化趋势.酸性蛋白酶活力在50 ℃达到最大值;而碱性蛋白酶活力在40 ℃达到最大值,50 ℃酶活性急剧下降,对高温比较敏感.扁额原细首纽虫在摄食后,酶活力有明显变化,酸性蛋白酶在摄食后2 h达到最大值,之后下降,摄食后8 h达到最低水平,之后又有所回升.而碱性蛋白酶活性在摄食后8 h达到最大值,16 h后维持在较低水平.     

石油在水溶液中的光化学降解

光化学降解是海洋环境中石油去除的主要途径之一.研究在高压汞灯照射下石油烃水溶组分(WSF)的光降解.结果显示在高压汞灯下,石油WSF能够明显降解.其降解过程受溶液介质及重金属离子(Cu2 ,Hg2 ,Cd2 ,Zn2 )的影响.在反应的初始阶段,石油WSF降解得很快,符合一级反应动力学规律.经过大约2 h后,浓度变化缓慢.在所选用的实验条件下,光降解常数的范围在0.011 8～0.023 5 min-1之间.     

一类带有负顾客且具有反馈的M/G/1可修排队系统

研究了一类带有负顾客且具有反馈的M/G/1可修排队系统,正顾客服务完会以一定的概率立即排到队尾等待下一次服务,而以一定的补概率离开系统,永不再来。服务规则是先到先服务,负顾客抵消排队系统中的中间顾客（RCM）。使用“补充变量法”和状态转移方程分析该模型,得到了这一模型的排队指标和可靠性指标,并且发现此类排队系统完全取决于队长为2的概率。     

以“3S”集成技术为基础的“LBS”极地应用研究

分析了极地环境特点,并根据极地的基本情况确定极地位置服务(LBS)的系统架构,详细介绍了在极地位置服务中所用到的技术内容及技术特点,主要包括车辆和人员的监控技术、基于PDA的定位技术及极地的通讯技术等.     

几种常见影像融合方法的比较

简述了多源遥感影像融合过程,并利用IKONOS-2的全色影像和多光谱影像,对常用的几种影像融合方法进行了试验与比较,同时对实验结果进行分析和讨论,结果表明小波变换融合算法总体优于其他几种融合方法。     

浅谈如何应用Pinnacle概算Javad GPS外业数据

简述了如何使用Pinnacle软件处理Javad公司生产的GPS接收机接收GPS数据的步骤及在生产实践中总结的一些作业经验.     

基于MicroStation的地图符号库的制作

地形图符号是地图的语言,是空间信息的载体和传输工具.随着计算机技术和电子地图的广泛应用,传统的纸质地图生产方式正向数字制图的方式转变,现在地图的生产完全可以在计算机上进行.地图符号是一种专用的图解符号,它采用便于空间定位的形式来表示各种地物与现象的性质与相互关系.在1:500,1:1 000,1:2 000等大比例尺地形图中,地图的符号呈现多样性.许多的符号需要我们在作项目以前必须统一确定和完成符号的样式.本文主要介绍了在MicroStation图形编辑功能环境下如何制作地图符号.     

黑河流域土地利用变化对土壤有机碳和全氮储量的影响——元分析（英文）

Land use and cover change(LUCC) is an important indicator of the human-earth system under climate/environmental change,which also serves as a key impact factor of carbon balance,and a major source/sink of soil carbon cycles.The Heihe River Basin(HRB) is known as a typical ecologically fragile area in the arid/semi-arid regions of northwestern China,which makes it more sensitive to the LUCC.However,its sensitivity varies in a broad range of controlling factors,such as soil layers,LUCCs and calculation methods(e.g.the fixed depth method,FD,and the equivalent mass method,ESM).In this study,we performed a meta-analysis to assess the response of soil organic carbon(SOC) and total nitrogen(TN) storage to the LUCC as well as method bias based on 383 sets of SOC data and 148 sets of TN data from the HRB.We first evaluated the calculation methods and found that based on the FD method,the LUCC caused SOC and TN storage to decrease by 17.39% and 14.27%,respectively;while the losses estimated using the ESM method were 19.31% and 18.52%,respectively.The deviations between two methods were mainly due to the fact that the FD method ignores the heterogeneity of soil bulk density(BD),which may underestimate the results subsequently.We then analyzed the response of SOC and TN storage to various types of the LUCC.In particular,when woodland and grassland were converted into cultivated land or other land types,SOC and TN suffered from heavy losses,while other LUCCs had minor influences.Finally,we showed that increasing the depth of the soil layers would reduce the losses of SOC and TN storage.In summary,we identified a series of controlling factors(e.g.soil layer,the LUCC and calculation method) to evaluate the impact of the LUCC on SOC and TN storage in the HRB,which should be considered in future research.     

Characterization of Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) Skin and the Extracted Acid-Soluble Collagen

The biochemical composition of the turbot skin was investigated. The moisture level of the skin was found to be 51.4%. Based on dry matter content, there were relatively high protein(82.1%) and lipid(13.1%) concentrations in the turbot skin. Mineral element analysis revealed that the turbot skin had high Ca content(2069.0 mg kg^-1), and the concentrations of toxic heavy metals Hg and Pb were less than 0.005 mg kg^-1, which indicates that the turbot skin is a safe resource for collagen production. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that acid-soluble collagen(ASC) extracted from the turbot skin was type-I collagen. The imino acid content of the ASC was 241.6 per 1000 amino acids, which suggests a relatively high denaturation temperature. The Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra of ASC reflected a highly stable structure, and the measured denaturation temperature of ASC was 29.5℃, which is higher than those from many temperate fishes. ASC was the most soluble at pH 4.0, and when the pH values were below or above 4.0, the solubility decreased rapidly. The ASC exhibited a relatively high solubility when NaCl concentration was lower than 2%. These results show that turbo skin can be employed as a source for producing collagen with high quality.     

Relationship between stand characteristics and soil properties of two typical forest plantations in the mountainous area of Western Sichuan,China

There is uncertainty and limited knowledge regarding stand characteristics and soil properties of middle-aged pure forest plantations in the mountainous area of Western Sichuan. Plantation forests are almost exclusively planted as monocultures in the Pengzhou forest farm in the western mountainous area of Sichuan Province. This study aimed to assess the spatial and ecological characteristics of middle-aged Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook. and Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibr. in the Pengzhou forest farm. The relationships and differences between stand growth characteristics and forest soil composition were assessed on the two forests planted simultaneously within the same area and exposed to the same environmental conditions. Cr. fortunei grew sparse, and slower than Cun. lanceolata. Principal component analysis indicated that the soil properties in the Cr. fortunei plantation were better than those in the Cun. lanceolata plantation. Redundancy analysis revealed that the differences in stand structure were affected significantly by the total nitrogen content and pH value. Thus, we propose that Cr. fortunei is planted for priority consideration in the subtropical high mountain area. Further, tending operations and application of fertilizers need to be conducted in Cun. lanceolata forests. Based on theoretical and experimental data, the present study explains why local farmers are more willing to plant Cr. fortunei, and thus provides a useful theoretical reference for the development of sustainable plantations in the future.