国家1∶50000 DLG数据库质量检查软件的设计和开发

结合国家1∶50000DLG建库工程,研究和探讨数据质量检查的内容、技术方法,设计开发出1∶50000DLG数据质量检查软件,介绍了软件的功能、特点及应用。     

Air flow calculation of reverse circulation drilling technique with air DTH hammer

Air DTH hammer has been successfully applied in minor-caliber solid mineral exploration,water-well drilling and other drilling areas.In order to expand the applications of the technology,the authors further studied the principle and analyzed the mechanism of reverse circulation drilling technique with air DTH hammer to get the perfect assembles of equipments by optimizing working parameters.No parameter seemed more important than the air volume because it could maintain the working performance stability.The minimum air volume is related to the parameters such as depth and pressure,which was calculated under the actual conditions.It was solved for the air injection flow tables of the air DTH Hammer working at the different pressures.According to the data tables,operators could adjust the air volume to meet the demand on this technique,which had a realistic guiding significance.So it could build up a set of systematic and complete hi-technique.     

Repacking practice for G-3 engineering driller power unit with drive shaft of dual channel reverse circulation

In order to satisfy operating requirements for constant core drilling technology in reverse circulation with hollow-through DTH,the power unit of G-3 engineering driller was ameliorated. The new one with dual channel drive shaft, achieved the perfect assemble with transmission structure of the original power unit. It could interconvert according to need by using two sets of drive shafts with direct and reverse circulation. The repacked G-3 engineering driller carried on experiment in the field test in Luanchuan molybdenum mine of Henan, whose effect was very good.     

天绘一号卫星影像的平原绿化提取方法

平原绿化是我国平原地区森林植被的主体,为生态环境建设提供了有力保障。但平原绿化分布零散,斑块面积小,不易被准确提取。本文以河南省封丘县为例,利用天绘一号卫星影像面向对象分类技术提取了平原绿化。在面向对象分类过程中,针对不同平原绿化信息选取不同的分割尺度和参数,建立影像对象的分割层次结构,确保农田林网、通道防护林、四旁防护林等平原绿化信息能够被准确分割。分类时通过构建隶属度函数,利用层与层之间的关系,子类继承父类的分类特征,在此基础上增加自己的特征,建立分类规则集,逐层提取绿化信息。本文共获取封丘县平原绿化面积152.51 km²,其中,农田林网36.09 km²,通道防护林21.29 km²,四旁防护林71.56 km²,片林23.57 km²。利用验证点数据,对分类结果进行精度评价,总体分类精度为93.50%,Kappa系数达到0.92。     

抗滑桩内力的监测与计算

抗滑桩已广泛应用于滑坡治理,但是对抗滑桩的监测研究还不够深入。通过测斜管监测抗滑桩的侧向位移,在文克勒弹性地基梁模型的基础上计算得到锚固段地层抗力,再运用力学平衡原理计算滑坡剩余下滑力值。对抗滑桩不同部位钢筋的受力进行监测,可求得各个截面处的弯矩。假设滑坡剩余下滑力的分布函数为一个二次多项式,由监测求得的滑坡剩余下滑力值和抗滑桩各截面弯矩,分析计算可得到该二次多项式。在求得抗滑桩所有作用力以后,就可以计算得到抗滑桩的弯矩和剪力分布图。与设计阶段采用的抗滑桩弯矩和剪力进行比较,就可以知道抗滑桩的抗滑效果,并为改进抗滑桩的设计提供依据。     

1989年8月17日太阳射电尖峰事件的准周期脉动及EFB分析

本文分析了云南天文台１０ｍ射电望远镜在２ｌｃｍ波段上观测到的一次尖峰辐射事件，这次事件发生在５６２９活动区（Ｓ１６Ｗ１０９），它伴随了Ｘ２·９／ＳＦ耀斑及边缘耀斑环，并且有质子流量的上升和一次罕见的地磁场突然反相脉冲与之对应．我们从耀斑环的Ｈβ照片可以看出，在尖峰辐射发生前，原先存在的耀斑环的顶部开始变亮，而尖峰开始后环顶亮度达到极大，说明这次尖峰辐射与耀斑环顶部增亮有关，辐射很可能来自环顶．从尖峰事件的时间轮廓得到的ＦＦＴ功率谱表明存在１５０ｍｓ的准周期脉动．按照Ｍｃｌｅａｎ等人的模型，即脉动是由俘获在磁通管内的电子的径向振荡引起，可以推断，这次尖峰辐射与Ｆｅｒｍｉ机制激发快速电子有关，且尖峰的发生需要被俘获的电子．此外，我们将这次尖峰事件分解为几百个元耀斑爆发（ＥＦＢ），并且讨论了这些ＥＦＢ的性质．     

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources carrying capacity in Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature, society, economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002, we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively, where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity, 0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, where water resources carrying capacity is much higher, and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole, the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus, we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.     

Ultrasonic-assisted condensation of chitosan with salicylaldehyde

In order to synthesize an improved adsorbent for heavy metal ions, we studied the condensation reaction of chitosan with salicylaldehyde in ethanol to form a Schiff base. The effect irradiating the reaction using an ultrasonic liquid processor was contrasted with conventional methods. The IR spectra of condensed chitosan prepared by the two methods showed that their molecular structures were identical. The reaction conditions, including solvents, ultrasonic power density and irradiation time, pH, and reactant ratio, were optimized by orthogonal design. A shorter reaction time and a higher product yield were obtained using ultrasonic-assisted synthesis compared with the traditional method. A condensation degree of 89.63% was achieved using the optimized conditions: i.e. ultrasonic irradiation at 180 W for 60 min; 95% ethanol as the solvent, pH 4.0, and salicylaldehyde:chitosan ratio of 6:1.     

南海东北部陆缘区新近纪早期反转构造特征及其动力学意义

通过深入分析九七三项目所获取的高分辨率多道地震剖面,结合区域钻井资料,探讨了新生代以来南海东北部陆缘所历经的新生代早期张裂、中新世晚期阶段性挤压及上新世以来的稳定热沉降等复杂构造运动;张裂背景下的南海东北部陆缘在中新统中部、下部出现的背斜、逆断层等典型压性反转构造,凸现了南海东北部陆缘在晚中新世发生的阶段性挤压构造运动;分析表明,此构造活动是东沙运动在台西南海域的表现,其动力来源同菲律宾海板块的北西向运动有关。     

互花米草入侵对河口盐沼湿地食物网的影响

盐沼湿地因其在河口及沿岸水域生态系统中的重要地位而被普遍关注,近年来互花米草在长江口乃至整个东南沿海地区的入侵及迅速蔓延更是引起了广泛重视。由于对维系本区域湿地生态系统运转的食物网结构的了解仍很有限,从而难以准确评估互花米草入侵后对原有生态系统的影响。本研究通过基于碳、氮稳定同位素测定结果的IsoSource软件估算和聚类分析,对长江口盐沼湿地内不同初级生产者的相对营养贡献大小进行了初步评估。结果显示在该湿地食物网中,底栖微藻和本土陆源C3植物是主要的营养来源。入侵C4植物互花米草的营养贡献不显著,在本次研究中仅有堇拟沼螺这一腹足类消费者在夏季较为确定地表现出对源自互花米草的富δ13C的有机质的摄取。随着互花米草的迅速扩散,其在长江口湿地的有机质产出中所占比例还将不断增加,这将可能从营养基础的层面自下而上对该食物网的结构和功能造成影响。