A New Species of Jiangxialepis (Galeaspida) from the Lower Telychian (Silurian) of Jiangxi and its Biostratigraphic Significance

A new species of Shuyuidae (Eugaleaspiformes, Galeaspida), Jiangxialepis jiujiangensis sp. nov., is described from the lower Telychian (Llandovery, Silurian) Qingshui Formation in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China. The new species differs from the type species J. retrospina from Wuhan, Hubei Province in its sharp and posteriorly positioned median dorsal spine and narrow spine-shaped inner cornual processes. The Silurian strata in Xiushui–Wuning area has provided a standard framework for the correlation of Silurian shallow marine red beds in South China. Thus, the finding of J. jiujiangensis from the Silurian Lower Red Beds (LRBs) in Jiangxi Province bears very important biostratigraphic significance. It can directly compare to Jiangxialepis retrospina from the Fentou Formation in Wuhan, Hubei Province in the genus level. This indicates that the age of the fish-bearing strata in Wuhan is most likely to be the early Telychian rather than middle Telychian as previously assumed.     

开鲁盆地钱家店铀矿区铼的地球化学特征与成矿作用

通过对开鲁盆地钱家店铀矿床中稀散元素铼（Re）的地球化学特征研究,并结合前人成果,探讨了研究区与铀相伴生的铼元素成矿作用。结果表明,钱家店铀矿床砂岩铀矿石中稀散元素Re的含量高,已完全达到伴生矿综合利用指标,可以尝试在地浸液循环过程中加以析出。Re与Fe2+/Fe3+、Se、U及有机碳相关性好,有较密切的共生关系;与稀土元素相关性极差,揭示了相异（相反）于稀土元素表生稳定的性质。钱家店地区铼矿床的形成经历了五个阶段:铼预富集阶段、上白垩统姚家组含矿主岩形成及沉积成矿阶段、层间渗入氧化水动力主成矿阶段、古近纪浅层氧化改造及热活动铼叠加成矿阶段、新近纪油气扩散还原保矿阶段,这五个阶段与该区铀的空间分布具有较好的相似性。     

地震作用下南黄海海上风电场水平场地液化特性分析

江苏近海属南黄海海域,是我国海上风电场最集中的地区,目前约占全国总装机容量的70%～75%,该区覆盖层厚度大,桩长深度范围(一般40～60m)多为粉砂、粉土、粉质黏土地层,尤其是泥面以下20m深度为易液化粉砂-粉土地层。而南黄海地区亦是我国的地震多发区,因此,研究了该区海上风电场水平场地的地震液化特性。首先基于南黄海某海上风电场50个机位的钻探资料统计特征建立了地层概化模型;随后通过动三轴试验和共振柱试验标定了土体动力分析参数;然后反演了3条地震波(EL-Centro波、Northridge波、Kobe波),将地表附近地震动峰值加速度PGA分别调整为0.05g、0.10g、0.20g、0.40g并进行场地液化分析,重点分析了地震作用下地层的超孔压比、总沉降、分层沉降等特性。研究发现,该区地层为可液化地层。当PGA=0.05g时,各层监测点的超孔压比均小于1.0,地层总沉降为1 cm左右;当PGA为0.10g和0.20g时,仅表层(12 m内)地层完全液化,地层总沉降分别为10 cm和17 cm;PGA=0.40g输入时,泥面下20 m地层均完全液化,地层总沉降为30 cm左右。不同地震...     

海峡沉积研究进展*

海峡是不同于三角洲、陆架的一类独特沉积环境,具有特殊的沉积作用组合。海峡的形态多样,长度为几千米至数百千米,深度为几十米至上千米; 海峡由狭窄区域向两端逐渐过渡为相对开阔海区,开阔海区大多深度相比海峡更深; 海峡的狭窄区域横截面积小、流体流速最大,通常以侵蚀地貌为特征; 流体流经狭窄区域后,由于海峡横截面积增加,导致流速向两端开阔海区域锐减,并表现为沉积地貌。浅水海峡通常以潮流为最主要的沉积作用,其他的沉积物搬运方式包括单向的海流和重力流; 深水海峡则以海流和重力流为主。海峡高能区沉积以砾石滞留和发育交错层理为特征,低能区表现为泥质沉积并发育流水砂纹; 在低海平面时期,暴露的浅水海峡以河流沉积作用为主; 海平面上升过程中,河流逐渐演化为三角洲/河口湾、海湾和贯通的海峡。     

Deep Structural Framework and Genetic Analysis of Gold Concentration Areas in the Northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula, China: A New Understanding based on High-Resolution Reflective Seismic Survey

The gold concentration areas in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula constituted an important gold metallogenetic region in Eastern China during the Mesozoic. The deep geological bodies’ texture characteristic is important for exploring the resources thoroughly and understanding the metallogenic process. The detailed textures were revealed using high-resolution seismic profiles through the three major ore-controlling structures-Sanshandao fault zone, Jiaojia fault zone and Zhaoping fault zone. This study aims to establish a deep structural framework of this area. Based on their formation mechanism, the fault structures developed in the area can be divided into regional and local fault structures. The structural styles are characterised by superimposing their compressional, strike-slip and extensional multi-stage activities. The crust is cut by vertical structures corresponding to a left-lateral strike-slip fault system on the surface. Nearby these structures are the arc-shape structures formed by multi-stage magma intrusions into the upper crust. Bounded by the Tancheng–Lujiang and Muping–Jimo fault zones, the current Jiaodong block, developed a series of NE-trending strike-slip fault systems, was probably formed by the assemblage of several obliquely aligned blocks. The intensive magmatism and hydrothermal activity between the blocks induced large-scale mineralisation. It provides a new angle of view for understanding the cratonic destruction and large ore-concentration formed during the Mesozoic.     

泥石流堆积物粒度分布特征影响因素分析及分形维数预测

泥石流堆积物作为泥石流发育最终的产物,含有大量与泥石流发生过程和发育特征相关的信息,能够反映泥石流灾害程度和活动强度。研究表明,泥石流堆积物颗粒具有明显的自相似性和无标度区间,运用分形理论,计算泥石流堆积物颗粒分布的分维数。分析分维数与主沟长度、泥砂补给段长度比、主沟平均比降、流域最大相对高差和松散物源量的关系,结果表明分维数与各因素之间存在较强的非线性响应关系。以乌东德库区泥石流实测数据为例,以上述的5个因素作为输入单元,建立了泥石流堆积物分维数支持向量机预测模型,并对分维数进行了预测,其预测结果的最大误差为1.25%,说明预测值与实测值吻合度较高。综合表明支持向量机预测模型能够较好地模拟和泛化数据,是一种行之有效的泥石流堆积物分形维数预测方法,可用于不具备筛析条件的泥石流堆积物粒度分布特征的预测与研究,进而可为研究泥石流的形成机理、类型、危险度和堆积物的形成演化特征及物理力学性质提供一个新思路。     

川东南地区志留系龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征

以川东南地区为例,运用氩离子抛光扫描电镜技术对龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构特征进行研究。结果表明,该地区龙马溪组页岩孔径主要为纳米级,孔隙可分为有机质孔、无机孔（微裂缝、微孔道、絮状物孔隙、晶间孔、晶内孔）,以有机质孔为主。结合前人研究成果,建立了泥页岩微观孔隙组合模式。通过氮气吸附实验,确定龙马溪组页岩气储层为Ⅱ类吸附曲线,表明其孔隙主要由纳米孔组成,结构具有一定的无规则(无定形)孔特征,颗粒内部孔结构具有平行壁的狭缝状孔特征,且含有多形态的其他孔     

坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例

通过对钻探、地震及露头资料的研究,将准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组划分为两个三级层序。在地震和测井剖面上识别出挠曲坡折带和断裂坡折带两种构造坡折带。坡折带对于研究区层序和沉积的控制作用主要表现为:对于层序,"径向沟梁辐射,纬向阶梯分布"的坡折带体系使得本区三工河底部低水位体系域发育,坡折带加强河道侧向迁移,削弱河道下蚀,增加准层序数量,坡折带高部位低水位体系域会侵蚀下覆地层;对于沉积,在精细开发区的三工河组识别出6种沉积微相组合,顺物源连井剖面上自下而上识别出3个沉积微相组合序列,陡坡区发育富河口坝三角洲前缘,缓坡区发育富河道三角洲前缘。