Strategic transformation of regionalization for the agricultural comprehensive development: The example of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China

Strategic transformation of regionalization for agricultural comprehensive development (ACD) was presented by the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China (MOF) in 2014. The regionalization is the premise and basis of the sustainable development and improved competitiveness for agriculture. Based on the environmental resources related to agriculture, such as cropland, climate, water resources, terrain, geomorphology, patterns of the ACD projects, distribution of ecological planning, etc., we devised 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices took into account a combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors. The strategic transformation of regionalization for the ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China was performed; seven types were included: prioritized regions, prioritized and restricted regions, protected regions, protected and restricted regions, restricted and prioritized regions, restricted and protected regions, and restricted regions. A further 24 subtypes were used based on locations and ecological zones. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions were mainly in northern Ningxia, the most suitable area for agriculture. The protected and restricted regions were in central and southern Ningxia. In the central part, drought was the limiting factor for agriculture, and water conservation projects there should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in southern Ningxia, so there is a need for ecologically sound agriculture to be developed in this region. Such regionalization could achieve two goals, namely agricultural conservation and eco-environmental protection. It was performed following the requirement for scientific regionalization to include three types of regions (prioritized regions, protected regions, and restricted regions), and was applied at the township scale in a provincial or autonomous region for the first time. The results provide both guidance for the strategic transformation of the ACD in Ningxia, and a reference for similar work in other provinces.     

华南沿海近42年来的气候变化

运用华南沿海6个有代表性的气象观测站1958－1999年的气温与降水资料，对华南沿海地区近42年来的气候作了分析。结果结果：近42年来华南沿海地区气温呈上升趋势（0．188℃／10年），特别是90年代增温十分明显。1998年是近42年来华南沿海地区最暖的一年。以80年代中期为界将华南沿海地区近42年来的气候分为冷、暖两个阶段，则得到为冷期，后为暖期。降水量也呈上升趋势（29．46mm／10年）。     

田湾核电工程场地风化囊体工程特性研究

针对田湾核电工程场地调查时发现的不良风化囊体,在原有勘探方案基础上通过加密钻孔与取样,结合浅层地震勘探、声波测井、点载荷试验及室内测试等手段,查明了场地风化囊体的分布范围,对其形成原因进行了探讨,并对风化囊体内岩体的完整性和岩石风化等级进行了评价,得到了反映风化囊体工程特性的力学指标及动态参数,分析了风化囊体对核电建设的影响,为核电工程基础设计提供了科学依据。 更多还原     

天津市潮间带表层沉积物的类型及其分布

根据在天津市潮间带地区采集的108个底质样品的粒度分析结果,划分了潮间带表层沉积物的类型,并探讨了潮间带的粒度分布特征和沉积作用。结果表明,天津潮间带可分为3个岩性区,分别以海河口、独流减河口为界,海河口以北至涧河口为片状粘土质粉砂分布区,海河口以南至独流减河口为多岩性、条带状的砂-粉砂分布区,独流减河口至歧口为片状粘土质粉砂分布区。海河口以北的潮间带是以低能潮汐作用为主的泥质粉砂潮滩沉积环境,海河口以南的潮间带是以河口沉积为主体,后经潮汐改造的潮滩环境,驴驹河-独流减河河口岸段潮间带早期水动力较强,后受到潮滩环境的改造,歧口岸段潮间带以潮滩沉积环境为主。     

青藏高原羌塘盆地东部鄂尔陇巴组火山岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

藏北羌塘盆地东部地区三叠系巴贡组之上沉积超覆了一套火山岩-火山碎屑岩. 该套地层下部玄武岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄明显可以分为2组,一组年龄相对年轻 （220.4Ma±2.3Ma）,代表了羌塘东部地区鄂尔陇巴组火山岩的喷发年龄;另外一组 年龄相对较老（241.4Ma±3.6Ma）,可能与中三叠世羌塘地区普遍存在的碰撞隆升事 件有关。羌塘中生代（晚三叠世—早白垩世）盆地演化早期的沉积作用经历了由陆相 至海相的超覆过程,沉积超覆作用从冲洪积相开始,伴随着岩浆侵入、火山爆发及火 山碎屑沉积作用,总体上表现为一个向上变深的海侵序列,显示裂谷盆地的特征。     

多排抗滑桩设计中的推力分担比模拟

山区铁路修建过程中,大型滑坡常采用多排抗滑桩的工程措施进行加固治理。目前常规的计算方法无法准确计算出作用在每排抗滑桩上的推力大小以及分担比。以ANSYS大型数值有限元软件为手段,以六沾线曹家山滑坡为研究对象。通过进行数值计算的方式得到作用在每排抗滑桩上的推力大小,并统计出相应每排桩所承担的滑坡下滑推力比,该方法为抗滑桩的最终结构计算提供更为科学、合理的依据,从而避免了原方法存在的种种局限性,为多排抗滑桩的设计提供了一种行之有效的解决办法。     

Effects of copper pollution on the activity of soil invertase and urease in loquat orchards

Dealt with in this paper is the relationship between Cu contents of soil and activity parameters for soil invertase and urease from the Changtai loquat orchards in Fujian Province. The soil invertase activity and maximum reaction velocity (enzyme kinetic parameters: Vmax and Vmax/Km) have no remarkable negative correlation with Cu concentrations, but Cu concentrations have an obvious positive effect on invertase Kin, indicating a reversible com-petitive restraint on the reaction between Cu and invertase. The soil urease activity and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax,Vmax/Km) have a remarkable negative correlation with Cu concentrations, and in this aspect, they can be used as ecological indices of the soil polluted by Cu. A slightly variable Km indicates the non-reversible competitive restraint level.     

Green space planning and land use: An assessment of urban regional and green structure planning in Greater Copenhagen

Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 106(2):7–20, 2006

In its Regional Plan of 2005, The Greater Copenhagen Authority (abbreviated as “HUR” in Danish) places special emphasis on the future recreational values associated with the regional green structure. In this paper, the development of the urban green structure in Greater Copenhagen is elaborated upon, focusing on land use changes and the effectiveness of regionally coordinated planning measures. EU MOLAND data are used to analyse the development of the region's green structure during the period 1954 to 1998. Analysis of two “green wedges” within the green structure illustrates that the development of the green recreational areas is the result of both formal and more informal planning initiatives. Development has shown equal phases that correspond to the applied regional planning measures and the general economic conditions. However, local preferences in the involved municipalities likewise have played an important role and have resulted in different urbanisation pressure within the two wedges. Land use has transformed from an agricultural to a primarily recreational landscape. In some areas, however, urbanisation pressure has resulted in residential and green industrial areas instead of the planned recreational land use. Based on its historical development it is concluded that future preservation and development of the green structure in Greater Copenhagen requires regional planning measures to be incorporated into municipal plans. In this way the increasingly independent municipalities will comply to objectives of the Regional Plan 2005.     

Connecting Local to Global: Geographic Information Systems and Ecological Footprints as Tools for Sustainability

Tools that support public engagement with sustainability are essential for local sustainability planning. This research investigates the ability of two geographic information system (GIS)-based tools to promote discussion of sustainability in a suburban context. A local ecological footprint tool and a community environmental atlas (an environmentally themed online mapping system) were created for seven suburban boroughs of Montreal. Variations of both tools have been used to support sustainability efforts, but their use has not been widely evaluated. Working from a public participation GIS (PPGIS) framework that recognizes the powerful influence of data representation, this research uses focus groups to evaluate how well these tools address three criteria that have emerged from the literature on public engagement in sustainability: interdependency across systems, reflexivity about personal and social decision making, and interactions across spatial scales. Whereas the atlas remains advantageous for discussing local spatial specifics, it was found that the ecological footprint helped people see the interconnections among systems, integrate local and global aspects of sustainability, and reflect on the values and assumptions underlying current social and economic structures.     

1995—2010年间中国入境旅游客源国结构动态研究

拓展入境旅游外国市场规模、改变中国入境旅游市场的"二八"结构是中国旅游业发展面临的重要任务。运用标准差、变异系数和市场竞争态理论分析了1995—2010年间我国23个入境旅游客源国结构的变化过程、规律和趋势。研究表明:①中国入境旅游客源国结构不均衡且相对稳定。②12个主要入境旅游客源国规模位序呈现出3个组团。③1995—2010年间,日本、韩国、俄罗斯和美国等明星市场演化为金牛市场的同时,幼童市场数量增加。提出了恢复日本、韩国、俄罗斯和美国等国家的明星市场地位和重点拓展马来西亚、新加坡、澳大利亚和加拿大等幼童市场以及改善中国入境旅游客源国结构、拓展中国入境旅游外国市场规模的对策性建议。