海洋微生物对石油烃降解研究：Ⅱ.石油烃降解细菌对正烷烃的降解作用

报导使用气相色谱法测定石油烃降解细菌对柴油的正烷烃的降解作用。结果表明 ,石油烃降解细菌对正烷烃有明显的降解作用 ,混合菌株的降解率明显高于单菌株的降解率 ;在2 0℃的条件下 ,经过 2 1 d后 ,绝大部分的正烷烃被降解 ,总的降解率为 94.93% ,其中细菌的降解率为 75.67% ,理化降解率为 1 9.2 6% ;温度对正烷烃的降解率有明显的影响 ,温度在 1 0℃时 ,正烷烃降解速度较慢 ,在 2 0℃正烷烃的降解比 1 0℃快 ,在 35℃的条件下 ,正烷烃的降解速度最快。     

自适应过滤法及其在大坝监测中的应用

介绍了自适应过滤法原理及计算方法,利用自适应过滤法模型预测了大坝变形趋势。实际数据计算结果表明:自适应过滤模型预测精度优于传统的回归分析法,在大坝监测预报中是有效可行的。     

基于MapX的数字海图浏览软件设计

地图数据可视化是地理信息系统(GIS)的最基本功能之一。在深入分析数字海图数据格式的基础上，根据MapX控件的功能及其使用方法，提出了利用MapX控件开发通用数字海图浏览软件的思路和设计方案，详细讨论了在软件设计过程中要解决的诸如关系数据库访问、几何数据与属性数据关联、要素符号化等技术难点问题。     

基于多源数据的北京市儿童专科医院空间可达性研究

儿童专科医院空间布局的合理性对提高儿童就医可达性和改善儿童健康水平具有重要作用。本研究采用北京市出租车轨迹、医院及人口等多源数据,运用增强两步移动搜寻法分析了北京市六环内儿童专科医院的潜在就医可达性和实际就医可达性。结果表明：六环内儿童专科医院的潜在可达性分布不均,五环与六环间的西北部、西南部和东部地区是明显的缺医区;六环内实际可达性均值高于潜在可达性,但空间差异性更大;潜在可达性的评价结果低估了三环内及规模较大医院周围地区的实际可达性,而高估了三环到五环之间区域的实际可达性。研究结果揭示了儿童专科医院医疗服务供给的空间不平等性,有助于为促进北京市儿科就医均等化提供依据。     

Diagenetic Sequences Analysis of Fuyu Reservoir in

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｏｒｄｅｒｉｎｇｏｆｄｉａｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｅｖｅｎｔｓｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｋｅｙｓｔｏｔｈｅｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅｉｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｗａｙｓｉｎｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｇｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｎｄｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆａｓａｎｄｓｔｏｎｅａｆｆｅｃｔｅｄｉｔｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｅｘｔｕｒｅ .Ｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉ ｃｌｅｇｉｖｅａｄｅｔａｉｌｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎａｎｄｏｒｉｇｉｎｅｘｐｌａｎａｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅａ…     

Prevention of oil spill from shipping by modelling of dynamic risk

This paper presents a new dynamic environmental risk model, with intended use within a new, dynamical approach for risk based ship traffic prioritisation. The philosophy behind this newly developed approach is that shipping risk can be reduced by directing efforts towards ships and areas that have been identified as high priority (high risk), prior to a potential accident. The risk model proposed in this paper separates itself from previous models by drawing on available information on dynamic factors and by focusing on the ship's surroundings. The model estimates the environmental risk of drift grounding accidents for oil tankers in real time and in forecast mode, combining the probability of grounding with oil spill impact on the coastline. Results show that the inherent dynamic risk introduced by an oil tanker sailing along the North Norwegian coast depends, not surprisingly, significantly upon wind and ocean currents, as well as tug position and cargo oil type. Results of this study indicate that the risk model is well suited for real time risk assessment, and effectively separates low risk and high risk situations. The model is well suited as a tool to prioritise oil tankers and coastal segments. This enables dynamic risk based positioning of tugs, using both real-time and projected risk, for effective support in case of a drifting ship situation.     

地（市）级地面A动站资料异地备份监控系统

系统采用C／S软件体系结构、Visual Basic6．0编程语言、API函数等技术,实现对地面自动站资料异地备份情况的实时监控、报表输出及自动补传功能。充分利用已建成的省、地、县光纤通信网络,实现对所属地面自动站资料的异地备份隋况进行多级实时监控,并将监控结果中未正常备份的自动站资料信息分类进行报表输出。自动监测分钟数据文件存放资料的最新时刻,输出监测信息报表。台站业务人员根据报表信息,对未正常或未及时备份的自动站资料,可按照分时段或按日期选择,及时进行缺误资料的自动补传。系统应业务需求而设计,操作简便,运行稳定,在WindowsXP和Windows Server2003操作系统环境下均运行正常。自投人业务运行以来,有效提高了地面自动站资料异地备份完整率和及时率。     

Chemical characterization of porewaters in an intertidal mudflat of the Seine estuary: relationship to erosion-deposition cycles

A seasonal field study was carried out in the Seine estuary to determine the chemistry of sediment porewaters using the 'peeper' technique and changes in the elevation of the mudflats using the 'Altus' technique. This approach allowed us to evaluate the release of nutrients and to link these releases to the sediment hydrodynamics. Our results show that nutrient and organic matter cycling in a Seine estuary mudflat exhibits a seasonal behaviour, which is mainly influenced by variations in hydrodynamics. Sediments, rich organic matter, were input during floods and they were mineralized during summer and autumn, releasing nutrients and dissolved organic carbon into the sediment porewaters. The nutrient release, including ammonium, is mainly linked to the mineralization of organic matter, while the release of phosphate is delayed. The delay could be the result of phosphate association with organic matter and/or its co-precipitation with calcium and iron.     

第四纪地质研究进展

第四纪地质学家们正在继续探寻表示出２．４Ｍａ以来古气候和其它环境变动的沉积记录。在过去１０年,利用加速器质谱仪能够对极小样品作精确的测年,这有助于对一些含碎屑有机质的第四纪沉积记录进行再分析。１　冰心和海洋记录近年来,取自格陵兰的冰心记录和北大西洋的沉积岩心提供了揭示气候变化的地球化学代用资料,反映了急剧的气候波动（通常所说的Ｄａｎｓｇａａｒｄ－Ｏｅｓｃｈｇｅｒ和Ｈｅｉｎｒｉｃｈ事件）,尤其是在冰期及其过渡期。在过去一年,南极冰心测年所取得的进展使得这样的问题再次提出：北半球和南半球气候变化是否…     

一种激发极化法2.5维正演的自适应有限元方法（英文）

传统的基于结构化网格有限元法采用的单元比较规则如矩形等,且网格剖分和加密要靠手动实现,所以传统的基于结构化网格有限元法不能准确和灵活地模拟复杂介质。本文采用易于模拟复杂介质模型的非结构化三角形网格进行剖分,且利用对偶加权后验误差估计指导网格自动细化过程,然后在电位模拟的基础上计算雅可比偏导矩阵,并依据Seigel（1959）理论实现激发极化法2.5维自适应有限元正演模拟算法。通过对垂直接触面模型进行正演分析,接收点附近网格得到了明显加密,电位数值解平均相对误差收敛到0.4%,视极化率平均相对误差收敛到1.2%,表明经自适应网格细化后,该算法数值解最终能收敛到精确解附近。最后对两个较复杂模型进行了正演计算与分析,进一步验证了该算法的准确性和灵活性。