SHORT COMMUNICATION COMMENTS ON THE RESIDUAL BILINEARIZATION METHOD

Through theoretical analysis and computer simulation,this short communication comments on theresidual bilinearization(RBL)method and compares it with non-bilinear rank annihilation(NBRA)forthe treatment of second-order calibration with non-bilinear data.It is found that these two methods aremathematically equivalent but have different noise propagation properties.The second-order advantage,namely quantitation in the presence of unknown interferences,can be carried over to non-bilinear dataonly if there exists a net analyte rank(NAR)for the analyte of interest.     

澳大利亚前寒武系和寒武系迭层石的分布

前言我们在澳大利亚工作的目的是检验苏联迭层石分类及其分带方案(Scheme)的可靠性。我们发现他们的分类,如在别处讨论过的一样,在我们的迭层石中一般是可应用的。我们尽可能广泛地获得了迭层石在地理和时代(temporal)上分布范围的资料。普里斯(1971)对阿得累德(Adelaide)地槽前寒武纪和寒武纪迭层石作了详细的地层和岩相研究。沃尔特(1970,1972)研究了阿马德斯(Amadeus)、乔治纳(Georgina)、麦卡阿瑟     

Trace Elements and Sr, Nd Isotope Geochemistry of the Lajimiao Norite-Gabbro from the North Qinling Belt

The Lajimiao norite-gabbro complex, as a part of the ophiolites on the southern side of the North Qinling belt, consists of gabbro and norite-gabbro. They were derived from different magma series: the gabbro was derived from tholeiitic magma series with higher TiO2, REE abundance and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio ; norite-gabbro was derived from calc-alkali magma series with lower TiO2, Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio and REE abundance and much lower HREE abundance, which suggests that the source of the norite-gabbro magma was deeper and controlled by eclogite facies. Geochemical characteristics of both plutonic rocks are similar to those of island-arc basalts, such as relatively high contents of Ba, Pb and Sr and relatively low contents of Nb, Zr and N j.The Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the Lajimiao norite-gabbro complex are similar to those of ophiolites. Its εNd values are constant, about+2; whereas εst values have wide variation from - 6.4 to +31.2 and positively correlate with Na2O, H2O+ and CO2 contents and the Fe3+/Fe     

土水势、未冻水含量和温度

从热力学观点来看,土水体系中的水分迁移是由于该体系中的水处于不平衡状态引起的。这种不平衡状态是由许多力,包括物理、物理化学、力学和水分迁移期间产生的其它过程综合作用的结果。 除重力水之外,土中各种水都受到土矿物颗粒表面能的作用,或者说受到毛细力和吸附力的作用。     

Timing of Proterozoic magmatism in the Sunsas belt,Bolivian Precambrian Shield,SW Amazonian Craton

We present new U-Pb zircon and monazite ages from the Sunsas belt granitic magmatism in Bolivia,SW Amazonian Craton.The geochronological results revealed four major magmatic events recorded along the Sunsas belt domains.The older igneous event formed a granitic basement coeval to the Rio Apa Terrane(1.95-1.85 Ga)in the southern domain.The second magmatic episode is represented by 1.68 Ga granites associated to the Paraguá Terrane(1.69-1.66 Ga)in the northern domain.The 1.37-1.34 Ga granites related to San Ignacio orogeny represent the third and more pervasive magmatic event,recorded throughout the Sunsas belt.Moreover,magmatic ages of～1.42 Ga revealed that the granitogenesis asso-ciated to the Santa Helena orogeny also affected the Sunsas belt,indicating that it was not restricted to the Jauru Terrane.Lastly,the 1.10-1.04 Ga youngest magmatism was developed during the Sunsas oro-geny and represents the final magmatic evolution related to Rodinia assembly.Likewise,the 1.95-1.85 and 1.68 Ga inherited zircon cores obtained in the～1.3 Ga and 1.0 Ga granite samples suggest strong par-tial melting of the Paleoproterozoic sources.The 1079±14 Ma and 1018±6 Ma monazite crystallization ages can be correlated to the collisional tectono-thermal event of the Sunsas orogeny,associated to reac-tions of medium-to high-grade metamorphism.Thus,the Sunsas belt was built by heterogeneous 1.95-1.85 Ga and 1.68 Ga crustal fragments that were reworked at 1.37-1.34 Ga and 1.10-1.04 Ga related to orogenic collages.Furthermore,the 1.01 Ga monazite age suggests that granites previously dated by zir-con can bear evidence of a younger thermal history.Therefore,the geochronological evolution of the Sunsas belt may have been more complex than previously thought.     

澳大利亚与元三古代海底喷气矿床伴生的电气石岩

在绿片岩、角闪岩和麻粒岩和变质岩层中，电气石岩和富电气石的沉积物与喷气矿化伴生，它们遭受了中等到强烈的变形，呈连续层状分布于褶皱构造附近，显示出诸如层理、递变层理、交错层理、层内滑动等沉积构造和拉裂构造。在高级变质作用区，它们显示变质结构，通常被再活化而成的石英－电气石脉所穿切。富电气石岩出现在由海底喷气而形成的Pb－Zn－Ag、Cu－Co、Cu－Bi、W、Sn、Au和稀土元素矿化的下部、内部及矿化之上，且在横向上与矿化同期的地层中。在一些地方，电气石岩没有上述矿化现象，也不与花岗质岩石相伴生。电气石的成分是黑电气石－镁电气石，虽反映了其全岩成分，但不能作为矿化的标志。虽然电气石是与花岗岩、交代岩、角砾岩简伴生的普通矿物，但本文描述的富电气石层为山硅电气石前身的变质作用产生的富硼硅质铁建造。它们是一种常见的喷气岩类型，并且常常出现在早－中元古代厚层的泥质变沉积岩和蒸发岩层序中。这就说明硼是由含硼的粘土的淋滤作用或由含硼酸盐的蒸发岩的淋滤作用产生的。     

九十年代低成本的观测系统

展望未来十年或更远一些的观测系统时,有两种可能的发展趋势。一是使用新技术进行各种测定,并且能做到目前尚不能完成的定量测定。新的数据可能会改变气象部门的情况,受影响最大的是分析人员和预报员,他们将使用新数据进行业务工作,同时,目前的建立在原来概念上的观测体系必将发生相应的变化。这对另一种发展趋势提出了要求,这种发展趋势是对现存观测体系进行合理改革,使得它们在新条件下有效工作。本文认为,常规观测系统的作用不会有大的变化,仍然是必要的,但需要控制它们的费用。     

雷达气象学在八十年代的发展

雷达气象学是一门实验科学,它是从实验的角度提出科学问题,其进展在很大程度上依赖于技术的发展和技术工艺的状况。所以雷达气象学的未来应该从技术上或者从科学的前景方面来加以探讨。通常是倾向于先考虑科学上某些有意义的领域,再提出技术要求,以达到科学问题的实现。一、现状从七十年代开始,多普勒雷达才开始作为一种可行的定量研究工具而出现,由于雷达资料处理技术的发展和理论研究,才使多普勒雷达测量技术建立在坚实的基础上,并解决了许多有关估计径向速度的精度问题。到目前为止,根据它在科学应用上