热带副热带地区初值问题和强迫响应问题的正压正规模态分析

本文对线性无辐散正压涡度方程模式进行了正规模态分析,讨论了解的性质。然后利用这一结果对观测的1月300hPa基态分别作了初值问题和定常强迫响应问题的研究。结果表明,热带和副热带地区特别是印度洋—西太平洋地区是初值和强迫扰动激发大振幅响应的关键区。      

热带玛珥湖沉积物的磁组构特征及对湖水动力条件的指示

热带玛珥湖湖水动力条件的变化,是反映区域有效降雨量的重要指标,为探测有效降雨的时空分布特征及其机制提供了良好的基础素材。对位于雷琼半岛的双池岭和湖光岩两个玛珥湖进行沉积物磁组构的分析,结果表明尽管湖泊沉积物磁面理发育、磁线理值很小,玛珥湖的水动力条件比较微弱,但各向异性度P 和水流速度函数Fs 呈现向上递减的长期趋势,与湖泊草本植物孢粉含量向上增加、有机碳含量减低、沉积物颜色从黑褐色向青灰色过渡的特征一致,反映了大约9cal.kaB.P.以来,华南区域有效降雨量逐渐增加、湖水平面上升的过程。这种变化的机理可能是当夏季风减弱时,热带辐合带(ITCZ)南移、ENSO活动加强的结果。     

基于DBN的车载激光点云路侧多目标提取

提出一种基于深度信念网络（DBN）的车载激光点云路侧多目标提取方法。首先通过预处理对原始数据进行分段,并将地面和建筑物点云与路侧目标进行分离;然后利用连通分支聚类分析算法进行路侧点云聚类,并采用基于体素的归一化分割方法分割重叠点云,从而生成独立目标点云;在此基础上,生成基于多方向目标对象的二值图像并展开成二值向量作为独立目标点云的描述特征;最后构建并训练DBN,利用训练好的DBN提取行道树、车辆及杆状目标等3类路侧目标。试验采用两份不同城市道路场景的点云数据,行道树、车辆及杆状目标提取结果的准确率分别达97.31%、97.79%、92.78%,召回率分别达98.30%、98.75%和96.77%,精度分别达95.70%、93.81%和90.00%,F1值分别达97.80%、96.81%和94.73%。试验结果验证了本文的有效性。     

钾长石粉酸浸除铁的实验研究

在利用钾长石粉合成沸石分子筛和制取碳酸钾技术中，铁的存在会降低沸石的白度。对北京平谷、天津蓟县、内蒙白云鄂博三地钾长石粉进行硫酸酸浸除铁实验，获得最大铁浸出率分别为88．6％、93．2％和64．6％，且前两地钾长石粉中铁的浸出行为相似，酸浸除铁效果均优于白云鄂博钾长石粉。采用正交实验法研究硫酸浓度、酸浸温度和时间对除铁效果的影响，表明三者对不同地区钾长石粉酸浸除铁效果的影响程度各不相同。钾长石酸浸除铁反应开始时，铁的溶解极快，反应速率主要由化学反应控制；其后溶解相对缓慢，反应速率则由扩散作用控制。     

黄河三角洲地下水动态变化及其与地面沉降的关系

为了分析黄河三角洲地下水动态及其与地面沉降的关系, 利用多年地下水和地面沉降监测数据, 发现黄河三角洲广饶县和东营区的地下水动态变化剧烈且地面沉降严重, 含水层多处于超采状态, 浅、深层地下水降落漏斗先后出现.深层地下水降落漏斗中心水位下降速度达2~3m/a.近年来, 东营和广饶地面沉降漏斗中心沉降量和速率分别为155.1mm、28.2mm/a和356.0mm、64.7mm/a.借助GIS技术及数理统计法, 发现深层地下水降落漏斗与沉降漏斗空间耦合良好, 深层地下水位与地面高程呈线性正相关, 相关系数为0.92, 深层地下水过度开采已成为影响沉降的最根本因素.井灌区第三粘性压缩层成为地面沉降主要贡献层, 且深层地下水降落漏斗中心的地下水位已低于第三承压含水层临界水位, 沉降趋于严重.      

某些测震学指标与地震相关性研究

通过对１０项测震学指示宾１０ａ的大范围时空扫描得出的有震和无震“预报”进行了与５．０级以上的地震的相关性研究,结果证明这１０项指标当显性水平较低时,均可通过统计检验,表明是有效的提取异常指标。作还依统计检验结果对１０项测震学指标与地震相关性好坏进行了排序,并通过分析得到各指标今后优化方向．     

Temporal stability of Symbiodinium phylotype in scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis from a tropical fringing reef in the South China Sea

Symbiodinium sp. occurs in a symbiotic association with various marine invertebrates, including the scleractinian corals. Understanding the flexibility and specificity in coral-algal symbiosis can have important implications for predicting the future of coral reefs in the era of global climate change. In the present study, we conducted Symbiodinium phylotype analysis, based on polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), in the scleractinian coral, Galaxea fascicularis, from a tropical fringing reef in Hainan Island, over a 1-yr period. Our results showed that Galaxea fascicularis could associate with Symbiodinium clade C and D either individually or simultaneously. However, during the sampling period, the Symbiodinium phylotype did not change significantly in the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis, although the seawater temperature decreased sharply in the winter season. This study further suggests that the shift in Symbiodinium communities in response to seasonally fluctuating environments might not be a universal feature of coral-algal associations.     

Enhanced Star Formation in Seyfert 2 Galaxies

In this paper, we report our preliminary results on enhanced star formation activity in Seyfert 2 galaxies. By re-analysing the Tully-Fisher relation for Whittle's (1992) sample and for a Seyfert 2s' sample selecting from Veron-Cetty and Veron (1996), we find that (1) almost all Seyfert 2 galaxies with circumnuclear star formation have a ratio of far infrared (FIR) to blue luminosities (L_FIR/L_B) to be larger than 1/3; (2) for Seyfert 2 galaxies with L_FIR/L_B > 1/3, the Tuly-Fisher relation is similar to that of the normal spiral galaxies; while for those with L_FIR/L_B ≥ 1/3, they are significantly different from the normal ones, which confirms Whittle's suggestion of enhanced star formation activities in the circumnuclear regions of these Seyfert 2 galaxies. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Discussion of paper ‘Simulation of floor response spectra in shake table experiments’ by G. Maddaloni,K. P. Ryu and A. M. Reinhorn,Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2011; 40(6): 591‐604

Three main topics including the floor motion action mechanism, the test frame design, and the target spectrum simulation presented in the paper are discussed specifically. Floor motion action mechanism is critical in understanding the seismic performance of architectural nonstructural components. Seismic sensitiveness and earthquake response properties of the nonstructural components should be considered in the design of the test frame for the shaking table test. Target spectrum simulation is also a challenging job in the shaking table test, in which dynamic characteristics of the specimen, performance of the shaking table facilities, and the control techniques should be all considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dual inexact fuzzy chance-constrained programming for planning waste management systems

This study develops a dual inexact fuzzy chance-constrained programming (DIFCCP) method for planning municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems. The concept of random boundary interval (RBI) is introduced to address the high uncertain parameters in the studied system. Fuzzy flexible programming and chance-constrained programming are also introduced to take into account the uncertainties of RBIs and various uncertainties in MSW management system. Compared with the existing methods, the developed method could deal with the uncertainty without simplification and thus is more robust. Moreover, the potential system-failure risks in MSW management system due to the existing uncertainties could be quantified by means of violation levels and satisfaction levels in DIFCCP. The developed method then is applied to a MSW management system. The obtained solutions could be used for generating efficient management schemes. The values of violation and satisfaction levels could help decision makers understand the tradeoffs between system cost and system-failure risk, and identify desired strategy according to the practical economic and environmental situation.