资源三号卫星不同空间分辨率图像斑状植被检测比较研究

黄河三角洲滨海区域大量分布着由柽柳、芦苇、翅碱蓬、二色补血草、白茅等等组成的斑状植被,多呈棋盘状规则分布,胜利油田地震勘探被认为是产生这一现象的原因之一。深入研究其分布格局并探讨其形成机理,对于区域湿地生态系统植被恢复至关重要。为此,首先就需要对斑状植被进行有效地检测和制图。本文评价了我国首颗民用高分辨率光学传输型立体测图卫星（资源三号卫星）不同空间分辨率图像检测黄河三角洲斑状植被的能力,结果表明：在利用霍夫曼圆检测方法下,前视、后视、正视全色图像和正视多光谱图像都能很好地检测斑状植被,空间分辨率高的图像有更高的检测精度。     

双线河向单线河转换的一种改进算法

针对地图自动综合中双线河向单线河转换的问题,提出了一种改进算法.首先使用非约束中点法提取双线河中轴线,并基于中轴线对双线河进行分段;然后用小河段中轴线缓冲区检测小河段的空间图形冲突;最后依据制图规则解决空间图形冲突,并修正综合结果.     

基于免疫遗传算法的线状要素图形简化方法研究

基于免疫遗传算法的基本原理,分析线状要素数据压缩的约束条件,顾及几何精度和图形形状特征点,提出一种线状要素图形自动简化方法。试验表明,在一定几何精度内,该方法在保持线状要素图形形状方面表现良好。     

Point set generalization based on the Kohonen Net

Point set generalization is one of the essential problems in map generalization. On the demands analysis of point set generalization, this paper proposes a method to generalize point sets based on the Kohonen Net model; the standard SOM algorithm has been improved so as to preserve the spatial distribution properties of the original point set. Examples illustrate that this method suits the generalization of point sets.     

A progressive line simplification algorithm

An application of line simplification considering spatial knowledge is described. A method for identifying potential conflict regions, in order to avoid the self-intersection of generalized, lines, is also discussed. Further-more, a new progressive line simplification algorithm is presented. From the view point of spatial cognition, a spatial hierarchical structure is proposed, and its application to construction of spatial knowledge related to a line is explained.     

Measurement of similarity for spatial directions between areal objects

Similarity for spatial directions plays an important role in GIS. In this paper, the conventional approaches are analyzed. Based on raster data areal objects, the authors propose two new methods for measuring similarity among spatial directions. One is to measure the similarity among spatial directions based on the features of raster data and the changes of distances between spatial objects, the other is to measure the similarity among spatial directions according to the variation of each raster cell centroid angle. The two methods overcome the complexity of measuring similarity among spatial directions with direction matrix model and solve the limitation of small changes in direction. The two methods are simple and have broader applicability.     

Dipping-interface Mapping Using Mode-separated Rayleigh Waves

Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method is a non-invasive geophysical technique that uses the dispersive characteristic of Rayleigh waves to estimate a vertical shear (S)-wave velocity profile. A pseudo-2D S-wave velocity section is constructed by aligning 1D S-wave velocity profiles at the midpoint of each receiver spread that are contoured using a spatial interpolation scheme. The horizontal resolution of the section is therefore most influenced by the receiver spread length and the source interval. Based on the assumption that a dipping-layer model can be regarded as stepped flat layers, high-resolution linear Radon transform (LRT) has been proposed to image Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy and separate modes of Rayleigh waves from a multichannel record. With the mode-separation technique, therefore, a dispersion curve that possesses satisfactory accuracy can be calculated using a pair of consecutive traces within a mode-separated shot gather. In this study, using synthetic models containing a dipping layer with a slope of 5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 degrees and a real-world example, we assess the ability of using high-resolution LRT to image and separate fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves from raw surface-wave data and accuracy of dispersion curves generated by a pair of consecutive traces within a mode-separated shot gather. Results of synthetic and real-world examples demonstrate that a dipping interface with a slope smaller than 15 degrees can be successfully mapped by separated fundamental waves using high-resolution LRT.     

狭缝系统与伊利石结晶度Kuebler指数的测定及相关问题讨论

根据实验结果,衍射峰半高宽随接收狭缝增大而呈二次工线线性增大。扫描速度与扫描步长的确定应遵守Ｗａｎｇ（１９９４）提出的关系式,并确定在相对误差小于〈５％的范围内。固定样品条件,选定最优实验条件下使用国际标样标定系统偏差是伊利石结晶测量中必不可少的重要步骤。不固定样品条件和实验条件,同一样品的伊利石工值将因条件的变化而不同;固定样品和实验条件而不使用国际标样标定系统偏差,则无法与他人数据进行对比,其     

Reference value of old people's hematocrit and geographical factors

1 IntroductionHematocrit is an important index of hemorheology. At present, it is difficult to achieve accuracy in clinical practice, because of the lack of a unified standard of the reference value of old people's hematocrit in China. Many researchers have measured the reference value of local old people's hematocrit[1-59]. No reports on the relationship between the reference values of old people's hematocrit and geographical factors have been found. By means of correlation and stepwise regr…     

柴达木盆地东台吉乃尔盐湖盐类沉积特征及成盐年代的初步研究

东台吉乃尔盐湖经过长期的成盐演化和成矿过程 ,最终形成了以氯化钠化学沉积为主的蒸发盐 ,晶间卤水富含B、Li等多种元素卤水矿床 ,根据 1998年对该湖干盐滩中部所打的CK1孔钻孔剖面( 12m)及测试的几个14 C年龄 ,初步证实该盐湖上部盐层是在约 10 0 0 0aBP形成 ,未经碳酸盐和硫酸盐成盐阶段 ,盐湖形成初期即进入氯化物成盐阶段。