Assessment and mapping of slope stability based on slope units: A case study in Yan’an,China

Precipitation frequently triggers shallow landslides in the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi, China, resulting in loss of life, damage to gas and oil routes, and destruction of transport infrastructure and farmland. To assess the possibility of shallow landslides at different precipitation levels, a method to draw slope units and steepest slope profiles based on ARCtools and a new method for calculating slope stability are proposed. The methods were implemented in a case study conducted in Yan’an, north-west China. High resolution DEM (Digital Elevation Model) images, soil parameters from in-situ laboratory measurements and maximum depths of precipitation infiltration were used as input parameters in the method. Next, DEM and reverse DEM were employed to map 2146 slope units in the study area, based on which the steepest profiles of the slope units were constructed. Combining analysis of the water content of loess, strength of the sliding surface, its response to precipitation and the infinite slope stability equation, a new equation to calculate infinite slope stability is proposed to assess shallow landslide stability. The slope unit stability was calculated using the equation at 10-, 20-, 50- and 100-year return periods of antecedent effective precipitation. The number of slope units experiencing failure increased in response to increasing effective antecedent rainfall. These results were validated based on the occurrence of landslides in recent decades. Finally, the applicability and limitations of the model are discussed.     

高岭石有机插层机理及其复合物的应用

综述了近几十年来国内外高岭石有机插层纳米复合材料领域中有机插层理论的研究进展，主要对插层剂在纳米层问的形态及结构、插层过程中水的作用、吸附与插层、脱嵌过程等方面以及纳米复合材料的应用进行了详细的阐述，并在此基础上提出了该领域研究的重点及热点。     

基于遥感的丁字湾地区土地利用时空变化分析及地区生态修复建议

丁字湾地区是山东半岛蓝色经济区划9大核心区之一,是胶东经济圈一体化建设的焦点,发展远景广阔。本文选取2005年、2010年、2016年三期TM影像进行遥感解译研究丁字湾地区土地利用变化特征及其空间分布。研究结果表明,丁字湾地区土地利用类型以耕地为主,2005—2016年间建设用地、草地的面积显著增加,水域、海域面积大幅减少。土地的转移主要发生在"建设用地与耕地、耕地与水域、养殖盐田与海域、草地与养殖盐田"之间。城乡建设的不断发展,也给丁字湾地区带来了海岸侵蚀、海水入侵等生态环境负面影响。建议在湾口地区开展"退围还海、退养还滩、退耕还湿"等海岸整治修复工作后,发展人地环境和谐的生态旅游经济。     

泉州湾泥沙运移与冲淤变化

运用"粒径趋势分析"方法研究泉州湾泥沙净输运趋势,借助210Pb测年法测定湾内北水道的沉积速率,并通过海图对比计算海湾冲淤变化.结果表明,泉州湾总体处于淤积之中,但湾内冲淤分布不平衡:北水道淤积程度重,其中上游是湾内的现代沉积中心;南水道是泥沙输运出湾的主通道,局部略微侵蚀.湾内涨、落潮流路的平面分异和地形条件的制约是北水道淤积的主要原因,强劲的落潮流以及径流是南水道成为泥沙输运主通道的主要动力条件.     

拉萨夏季一次典型降水过程雨滴谱特征及Z-I关系分析

研究降水滴谱特征和谱分布对了解高原降水的微物理特征、雷达定量估测降水以及科学实施人工增雨作业尤为重要。本文选取2018年7月8—9日拉萨夏季一次典型降水过程，利用DSG5型降水现象仪和地面小时降水资料分析了高原夏季对流云和混合云降水的雨滴谱分布特征及〖WTBX〗Z I〖WTBZ〗关系。结果表明：降水现象仪和翻斗雨量计的降水变化趋势较为一致。对流云降水中2.0~3.0 mm的降水粒子对雨强的贡献最大，混合云降水雨强的主要贡献者是1.0~2.0 mm的粒子；混合云降水阶段的雨滴谱数浓度比对流云大一个量级。对流云和混合云降水的雨强与雨滴的质量加权平均直径和数浓度密切相关。拉萨地区雨滴谱适合〖WTBX〗Γ〖WTBZ〗分布，其拟合谱参数与青藏高原其他地区的差异表明高原地区雨滴谱分布存在时空差异；混合云降水谱参数〖WTBX〗N0、μ〖WTBZ〗和〖WTBX〗λ〖WTBZ〗与雨强的变化趋势相反。混合云降水〖WTBX〗Z I〖WTBZ〗关系的系数和指数均小于对流云降水。应用标准〖WTBX〗Z I〖WTBZ〗关系，对流云降水阶段雷达低估降水强度；混合云降水阶段，当雨强<2.3 mm雷达低估降水，否则雷达高估降水。