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排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
81.
82.
Piotr A. Dybczyński 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1994,58(2):139-150
Improved formulas of impulse approximation method for stellar perturbations are derived. The method proposed involves a deflection of the stellar path. It is also applicable to an arbitrary time interval. A comparison of the classical vs improved method is presented both in qualitative discussion and numerical results for Oort cloud cometary orbits. 相似文献
83.
Szymon Chmielewski Danbi J. Lee Piotr Tompalski Tadeusz J. Chmielewski Piotr Wężyk 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(4):801-818
Debates on the encroaching commercialization of public space by outdoor advertising highlight its possible negative impact on local quality of life and enjoyment of public spaces. These overstimulating outdoor advertisements are often considered a source of visual pollution, but cities have no standard way of measuring where it exists and its local impact, and thus cannot regulate it effectively. This study illustrates that visual pollution can be measured in a useful way by relating public opinion to the number of visible advertisements (intervisibility analysis). Using a 2.5D outdoor advertisement (OA) dataset (location and height) of a busy urban street in Lublin, Poland, this preliminary experiment translates visibility into visual pollution. It was found that streetscape views with more than seven visible OAs created visual pollution in this case study. The GIS-based methodology proposed could provide Lublin officials with a basic tool to assess and manage visual pollution, by informing permitting decisions on OAs. 相似文献
84.
Geo‐questionnaire: A Method and Tool for Public Preference Elicitation in Land Use Planning 下载免费PDF全文
Piotr Jankowski Michał Czepkiewicz Marek Młodkowski Zbigniew Zwoliński 《Transactions in GIS》2016,20(6):903-924
Geo‐questionnaire involves an integration of sketchable maps with questions, aimed at eliciting public preferences and attitudes about land allocation and services. Respondents can link their answers with corresponding locations on a map by marking points or sketching polygon features. Geo‐questionnaires have been used to learn about perceptions and preferences of city residents for specific types of land use, place‐based services, and development projects. This article reports on results of an empirical study, in which an online geo‐questionnaire was designed and implemented to elicit preferences of residents in guiding an urban development plan. Preferences collected in the form of polygon sketches were processed using GIS operations and mapped for visual interpretation. The article focuses on aggregation and analysis of respondent preferences including the analysis of positional and attribute uncertainty. Results of the study show that geo‐questionnaire is a scalable method for eliciting public preferences with a potential for meaningfully informing land use planning. 相似文献
85.
A structure model was used to analyse solute‐transport parameter estimates based on tracer breakthrough curves. In the model system, groundwater flow is envisioned to be organised in a complex conduit network providing a variety of short circuits with relative small carrying capacities along different erosion levels. The discharge through the fully filled conduits is limited owing to void geometries and turbulent flow; thus, a hierarchic overflow system evolves where conduits are (re‐)activated or dried up depending on the flow condition. Exemplified on the Lurbach–Tanneben karst aquifer, the applicability of the model approach was tested. Information derived from multi‐tracer experiments performed at different volumetric flow rates enabled to develop a structural model of the karst network, under constraint of the geomorphological and hydrological evolution of the site. Depending on the flow rate, groundwater is divided into up to eight flow paths. The spatial hierarchy of flow paths controls the sequence of flow path activation. Conduits of the topmost level are strongly influenced by reversible alteration processes. Sedimentation or blocking causes an overflow of water to the next higher conduit. Flow path specific dissolutional denudation rates were estimated using the temporal development of the partial discharge. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
86.
Isotopic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Senegal River delta aquifer: implication of recharge and flow regime 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Moctar Diaw Serigne Faye Willibald Stichler Piotr Maloszewski 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(4):1011-1020
Groundwater and surface water samples were collected to improve understanding of the Senegal River Lower Valley and Delta
system, which is prone to salinization. Inorganic ion concentrations and environmental isotopes (18O, 2H and 3H) in groundwater, river, lake and precipitation were investigated to gain insight into the functioning of the system with
regard to recharge sources and process, groundwater renewability, hydraulic interconnection and geochemical evolution. The
geochemical characteristics of the system display mainly cation (Ca2+ and/or Na+) bicarbonated waters, which evolve to chloride water type; this occurs during groundwater flow in the less mineralized part
of the aquifer. In contrast, saline intrusion and secondary brines together with halite dissolution are likely to contaminate
the groundwater to Na–Cl type. Halite, gypsum and calcite dissolution determine the major ion (Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO4
2− and HCO3
−) chemistry, but other processes such as evaporation, salt deposition, ion exchange and reverse exchange reactions also control
the groundwater chemistry. Both surface water and groundwater in the system show an evaporation effect, but high evaporated
signatures in the groundwater may be due to direct evaporation from the ground, infiltration of evaporated water or enriched
rainwater in this region. The stable isotopes also reveal two types of groundwater in this system, which geomorphologically
are distributed in the sand dunes (depleted isotopes) and in the flood plain (enriched isotopes). Consideration of the 3H content reinforces this grouping and suggests two mechanisms of recharge: contribution of enriched surface water in recharging
the flood plain groundwater and, in the sand dunes area where water table is at depth between 8 and 13 m, slow recharge process
characterized the submodern to mixed water. 相似文献
87.
Piotr Wąż 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2006,96(3-4):159-167
The dynamics of planetary and star systems including perturbing forces due to the flattering and quadrupole distortion of the bodies is studied. The analytical model describing the perturbations which influence on the orbital motion of extrasolar planetary systems is presented. The calculations of the secular evolution of the mean orbital elements have shown that the effects related to the shape of the body are more important than the ones due to the quadrupole distortion. 相似文献
88.
A number of recent results from X-ray observations of active galactic nuclei involving the Fe K α line (reduction of line variability compared with the X-ray continuum variability, the X-ray 'Baldwin effect') were attributed to the presence of a hot, ionized skin of an accretion disc, suppressing emission of the line. The ionized skin appears as a result of the thermal instability of X-ray irradiated plasma. We test this hypothesis by computing the Thomson thickness of the hot skin on top of the αP tot Shakura–Sunyaev disc, by simultaneously solving the vertical structure of both the hot skin and the disc. We then compute a number of relations between observable quantities, e.g. the hard X-ray flux, amplitude of the observed reprocessed component, relativistic smearing of the K α line and rms variability of the hard X-rays. These relations can be compared with present and future observations. We point out that this mechanism is unlikely to explain the behaviour of the X-ray source in MCG–6-30-15, where there are a number of arguments against the existence of a thick hot skin, but it can work for some other Seyfert 1 galaxies. 相似文献
89.
Nurur Rahman †‡ Janusz Krywult Patrick M. Motl Piotr Flin Sergei F. Shandarin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,367(2):838-850
We have made a comparative study of morphological evolution in simulated dark matter (DM) haloes and X-ray brightness distribution, and in optical clusters. Samples of simulated clusters include star formation with supernovae feedback, radiative cooling and simulation in the adiabatic limit at three different redshifts, z = 0.0, 0.10 and 0.25. The optical sample contains 208 Abell, Corwin & Olowin (ACO) clusters within redshift, z ≤ 0.25 . Cluster morphology, within 0.5 and 1.0 h −1 Mpc from cluster centre, is quantified by multiplicity and ellipticity.
We find that the distribution of the DM haloes in the adiabatic simulation appears to be more elongated than the galaxy clusters. Radiative cooling brings halo shapes in excellent agreement with observed clusters; however, cooling along with feedback mechanism makes the haloes more flattened.
Our results indicate relatively stronger structural evolution and more clumpy distributions in observed clusters than in the structure of simulated clusters, and slower increase in simulated cluster shapes compared to those in the observed one.
Within z ≤ 0.1 , we note an interesting agreement in the shapes of clusters obtained from the cooling simulations and observation. We also note that the different samples of observed clusters differ significantly in morphological evolution with redshift. We highlight a few possibilities responsible for the discrepancy in morphological evolution of simulated and observed clusters. 相似文献
We find that the distribution of the DM haloes in the adiabatic simulation appears to be more elongated than the galaxy clusters. Radiative cooling brings halo shapes in excellent agreement with observed clusters; however, cooling along with feedback mechanism makes the haloes more flattened.
Our results indicate relatively stronger structural evolution and more clumpy distributions in observed clusters than in the structure of simulated clusters, and slower increase in simulated cluster shapes compared to those in the observed one.
Within z ≤ 0.1 , we note an interesting agreement in the shapes of clusters obtained from the cooling simulations and observation. We also note that the different samples of observed clusters differ significantly in morphological evolution with redshift. We highlight a few possibilities responsible for the discrepancy in morphological evolution of simulated and observed clusters. 相似文献
90.
The present study describes a new genus and species Unicohormaphis sorini, which belongs to the subfamily Cerataphidinae. The contemporary distribution of aphids belonging to the Hormaphididae family is summarized and analyzed. According to the obtained data, the climate warming in Eocene was conducive to the expansion of the family over the areas of Europe. Subsequent climate changes, resulting from epeirogenic and orogenic movements towards the end of Eocene, led to a considerable cooling and drying of climate in the northern hemisphere. These processes contributed to the shrinking down of areas covered by subtropical forests, which constituted the habitat of Hormaphididae (Cerataphidinae). Retaining their way of life, the Cerataphidinae were forced to limit their distribution, and the representatives of the family in Europe became completely extinct. 相似文献