涟源市七甲村岩溶塌陷形成条件与机理分析

涟源市七甲村受斗笠山煤矿抽水影响,成为岩溶塌陷重灾区,已严重影响到当地居民生命财产安全.本文通过分析研究区资料,结合现场调查,认为岩土体条件、水文地质条件、岩溶发育程度、构造等因素是控制该区岩溶塌陷重要的地质背景条件.同时,基于塌陷坑调查资料,总结出研究区主要存在三种塌陷模式:(1)土洞塌陷;(2)岩洞塌陷;(3)落水洞塌陷.在三种塌陷模式中,地下水水位下降、岩溶管道填充物发生迁移及重新分配、土体自重及渗压效应起着重要作用,并将落水洞塌陷机理形象的概化为"沙漏模型".最后,对研究区岩溶塌陷发展演化趋势进行了分析研究,认为受斗笠山煤矿继续往深部开采的影响,研究区会产生一些零星的新塌陷坑,同时一部分老塌陷坑会复活.     

某些环境因子对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)和鲮鱼(Cirrhinus molitorella)呼吸作用的影响

通过压力一电换能器记录了温度、酸碱度和Cu2+对鲫鱼或鲮鱼呼吸作用的影响。温度变化主要影响鱼的鳃盖运动，而酸碱度和Cu2+主要对鱼的咳嗽运动产生影响，这是因为咳嗽运动的作用是洗去积存于鳃上的污物。     

Tidal effects of groundwater levels in the coastal aquifers near Beihai, China

Four times of observation of the ocean tide and groundwater levels in the coastal aquifers near Beihai, China show that fluctuation in the tide-induced groundwater levels follows the tide, with the highest and lowest water levels corresponding to the high water level syzygy tide and the low water level neap tide. The tidal coefficient is less than 0.5, decreasing approximately exponentially with the distance from the coast. The tide can affect the groundwater levels at observation wells as far as about 4,200 and 3,300 m in the southern and northern coasts in Beihai. Observations and spectrum analyses of the time series of the tide and water levels suggest that the tide and water levels have similar changes with complex fluctuations of a long period of 14.37 days and two short periods of 24.7 and 12.5 h. Time lags of water levels to the tide at observation wells last several hours and increases roughly linearly with the distance from the coast. Mathematic models consisting of a periodic term plus a linear term are established to describe the changes in the tide and the groundwater levels. The periodic terms for the tide and water levels are constructed using finite Fourier’s series consisting of 7 to 11 terms other than a single term of a sine function in earlier work. Computed water levels with the models can fit the observed water levels with reasonable accuracy and satisfactory prediction of the changes in the water levels is also obtained.     

苏里格气田苏14井区中二叠统下石盒子组盒7段有效储层综合评价

苏14区块盒7段是苏里格气田的次产层,研究程度低,为探明其储量规模,结合测井资料和试气产量,对盒7段有效储层进行综合评价,为下一步开发提供决策支持.本次研究利用经验公式和回归分析方法建立了泥质含量、孔隙度、渗透率、含气饱和度的测井解释模型;基于储层参数与试气产量的交会分析,确定盒7段有效储层参数下限标准;采用灰色关联法...     

Emergency shelter capacity estimation by earthquake damage analysis

Taiwan is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire and thus experiences many detectable earthquakes annually. The damage resulting from these earthquakes affects the government and local citizens financially and endangers lives. As the political and economic capital of Taiwan, Taipei has a high population density. Assessing the seismic effects in Taipei, therefore, is a crucial issue requiring immediate attention. In this study, Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System (TELES) software for analyzing potential earthquakes was used to simulate earthquake events at potential faults in the Taipei area. The TELES analysis theory was used to analyze seismic events and to predict building damage and displacement of citizens in each Taipei administrative district. The analytical results are then compared with the capacity of temporary shelters currently planned by the government. Finally, our conclusions and recommendations are presented. Hopefully, the results of this study can provide a useful reference for relevant organizations when developing earthquake disaster prevention policies.     

壳幔混合层的物质过程及其动力学意义

以评述壳幔混合层的物质过程为主,对壳幔混合层的概念、研究现状、形成机制及作用过程等作了简要综述。底侵作用、拆沉作用和部分熔融作用是壳幔混合层的主要物质过程。底侵和拆沉构成壳幔物质循环,部分熔融则为其提供物质和条件,这三者相互作用,影响和制约着壳幔物质交换,在大陆地壳变形中起着极其重要的作用。最后分析了壳幔混合层的研究在岩石圈动力学中的意义     

渤海导管架平台桩柱冰压力随机过程模型及其参数确定

首先分析了冰压力随机过程的特征及其产生机理,从而按冰的破坏形式将冰压力随机过程分为挤压破坏过程、屈曲破坏过程和弯曲破坏过程.从渤海海冰对平合桩柱作用大量实测冰压力曲线中选取37条典型的冰挤压破坏时程曲线,经谱分析确定了相应冰压力随机过程的谱密度及其谱参数;进一步经统计分析,建立了谱参数与冰厚的关系;在此基础上,建立了绕圆桩柱的冰压力随机场模型,并利用大量实测数据,经统计回归分析,确定了场函数的具体表达形式,由此用冰压力随机场可以容易地确定圆桩柱的总冰压力随机过程及其谱密度.     

Dynamic Performance Analysis of the Tuned Heave Plate System for Semi-Submersible Platform

Logistical supply is costly for the deepwater oil and gas exploitation, thereby it is necessary to develop a novel power supply solution to improve the offshore structure’s self-holding capacity. The two-body point absorbers, as a renewable energy device, have achieved a rapid development. Heave plate is used to constrain the truss’s motion in the two-body point absorber, and the floater moves along the truss up and down. This two-body point absorber can be considered to be an essentially mass-spring-damper system. And it is well known that the heave plates have been widely used in the Spar platform to suppress the heave motions. So if the two-body point absorber can be modified to combine with offshore floating structures, this system can not only offer electric power to support operations or daily lives for the platform, but also control the large motions in the vertical plane. Following this concept, a novel tuned heave plate (THP) system is proposed for the conventional semi-submersible platform. In order to investigate the dynamic performances of the single THP, two experiments are conducted in this paper. First, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the heave plates are studied, and then the THP experiments are carried out to analyze its dynamic performance. It can be concluded that this THP is feasible and achieves the design objective.     

现役导管架式海洋平台结构整体安全度评估

本文提出了一整套评估导管式海洋平台结构整体安全度的简化方法。主要工作包括：讨论了现役结构内力重分析的影响因素并提出了考虑原则和处理方法；将基本构件依受力特点和重要性程度予以分类、并通过划分层结构而将结构整体简化为层结构的串联体系；用强度储备比定义了基本构件的安全度指标、并延拓此定义于层结构和结构体系；结合专家经验并利用模糊数学原理综合结构的整体安全度指标。文章同时给出了工程应用实例     

珠江三角洲径潮相互作用下潮能的传播和衰减

因径流潮汐相互作用,三角洲各水道的能通量包含径流引起的净通量及潮汐引起的潮能通量。本文利用珠江三角洲多断面实测水位及流量的同步测量数据,建立基于径潮耦合的调和分析模型,剥离径流信号,计算出各站的总潮能及M₂、K₁及高频浅水分潮的潮能,对珠江三角洲潮能的沿程传播及衰减进行研究。结果表明,通过虎门进入珠江三角洲的潮波能量约占51.2%,而通过崖门、蕉门、磨刀门传入三角洲的潮能约占37%;同时,因地形摩擦、径流耗能效应,三角洲各水道的总能量损耗为148.33 MW。潮波能量按汇聚型和分散型两大类型沿三角洲不同位置传播并沿程衰减。虎门狮子洋及珠江正干、崖门至潭江石咀两大水道体系,其潮能沿程分散传入不同汊道,断面总潮能的衰减幅度大于单宽潮能通量的衰减,单宽潮动能沿程平均衰减速率大于潮势能,半日分潮的潮能衰减速率大于全日分潮。虎门狮子洋因其形态影响,M₂分潮振幅（或势能）的衰减最小,虎门至泗盛围段增加,平均每千米约增加0.77%。西四口门潮能汇聚于西海水道天河断面,总潮能的衰减速率小于磨刀门水道单宽潮能衰减速率。沿横门、洪奇门、蕉门进入的潮波多次交汇、分散,自横门至小榄、南华,南沙至海尾、荣奇,其单宽潮动能及M₂、K₁分潮动能的衰减速率小于潮势能,高频分潮势能沿程增加。